Volume 14 | Issue 3 |

 Abstract

Preeti Shenoy, one of the most recent and prominent Indian women writers effectively portrays the issues of women and their inner trauma. Her contribution towards women empowerment and the realistic depiction of their lives is undeniable. She boldly depicts and explicitly challenges the male domination and the pressures experienced by the women in the society. She proves herself as a responsible social reformer through her writings and strives to establish gender equality even in the so-called developed, scientifically advanced modern world. Most of the women's lives are still vulnerable and conservative when compared with few modern women in the society. Women are still not capable to express their sexual desire and their own opinions regarding their lives. But now, women have been slowly trying to stand for their self without any discrimination and inequality. The women in the past struggled in their own way and now women are still struggling to get freedom from patriarchal domination. Their issues are same but the experiences they face are totally different from one another. Shenoy's, It Happens for a Reason realistically depicts the sufferings of women. This paper focuses on the need and the importance of women emancipation and the inequalities they face both in their families and in the society.

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 Keywords

Inner trauma, Women empowerment, Gender equality, Gender discrimination, patriarchal domination.

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Asansol is India's 11th fastest-growing city in India and 42nd fastest-growing city in the world, known as the 'Land of Black Diamonds'. Two wings (Cole and iron industries) are the city's most influential factors for flourishing. After the extraction of the coal mine and installation of heavy industry, it made an excellent employment site and massive population attracted from neighbouring states. It got metropolitan dignity within a very few decades. Asansol belongs to a complex mosaic of economic, language, and cultural characteristics due to the migration of people from different parts of the country. This assimilation of the multi-lingual, multi-religious, multi-cultural populations from different parts of India makes it a coal mining and heavy industry-based cosmopolitan city.

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Asansol; Cosmopolitan city; Coal Mining; Industry; Cultural assimilation

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This research paper presents different perspectives on migrants' experiences of the Partition and its impact on those who migrated from Pakistan during the 1947 Partition. The study compares fictional representations of these experiences with the lived experiences of former migrants as recorded in their oral narratives. It provides an account of the challenges they faced and reflects on how these refugees created space for themselves in India, transforming it into a home and a place to earn their livelihood. A key feature of this research is the juxtaposition of the literary portrayal of Partition in Chaman Nahal's Azadi with the real-life experiences of refugees who migrated from Pakistan to India during Partition.

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Partition of India, Migration, Displacement, Refugee, Politics and Religion, Communal violence, Azadi, Hindu-Muslim relations, Pakistan, Punjab, Indian National Congress

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This article examines the revolutionary epistemological shift introduced by Immanuel Kant in his seminal work Critique of Pure Reason. Kant characterizes his philosophical approach as a "Copernican Revolution" in philosophy, drawing an analogy with the scientific transformation initiated by Nicolaus Copernicus. Prior to Kant, philosophical tradition generally assumed that human knowledge must conform to objects, implying that the mind passively receives information from the external world. Kant challenges this assumption by proposing that objects of experience must conform to the cognitive structures of the human mind. According to this view, the mind actively organizes and interprets sensory data through its inherent forms and categories, making knowledge possible. By shifting the focus from objects to the conditions of human cognition, Kant redefines the nature of epistemological inquiry. This article highlights the significance of Kant's philosophical revolution and explains how his theory reoriented modern philosophy toward an investigation of the subject's role in shaping experience and knowledge.

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: Copernican Revolution in Philosophy, Epistemology, Transcendental Idealism, Subject-Object Relationship, Human Cognition, Structure of Knowledge, Modern Philosophy.

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Histopathological Evaluation Of Thyroid Lesions Dr Nisarg Shah, 3rd-year Resident Dr Shivani Divecha, 3rd-year Resident Dr Ayushi Shah, 2nd-year Resident Dr. Shashikant Mavadiya, Professor Dr. Vaibhavi Thacker, 2nd-year Resident Department of Pathology, Dhiraj Hospital, SBKS Medical Institute & Research Centre. Corresponding Author - Dr Nisarg Shah Email ID: nisargshah96ns@gmail.com Contact number - 8511348204 BACKGROUND: Histopathological evaluation is essential for the definitive diagnosis of thyroid lesions, particularly in differentiating follicular adenoma from follicular carcinoma, which significantly influences patient management and prognosis. OBJECTIVES: To study the spectrum of thyroid lesions and evaluate their histopathological patterns and to analyze their distribution across age and sex. METHODS: A retrospective observational study was conducted in the Histopathology section of the Department of Pathology, Dhiraj Hospital, SBKS MI & RC, Vadodara, from September 2024 to October 2025. A total of 58 specimens--including tru-cut biopsies, lobectomies, hemithyroidectomies, subtotal, and total thyroidectomies--were included. Inadequate or autolysed specimens were excluded. Tissue samples were fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin, stained with hematoxylin and eosin, and examined microscopically. Data were analyzed using Microsoft Excel. RESULTS: Patients ranged from 22-66 years, with a marked female predominance (M:F = 1:7). Non-neoplastic lesions were more common than neoplastic lesions. Among neoplasms, benign tumors predominated. Follicular adenoma was the most frequent benign lesion, while papillary thyroid carcinoma was the most common malignant tumor. CONCLUSION: This study highlights that non-neoplastic and benign neoplastic thyroid lesions are more prevalent than malignant lesions. Despite the availability of preoperative diagnostic tools, histopathology remains the gold standard for accurate diagnosis and optimal management of thyroid diseases.

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Thyroid lesions, Histopathological evaluation, Thyroidectomies, Hematoxylin and Eosin, Papillary thyroid carcinoma, Follicular adenoma

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Brain tumor diagnosis using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) remains a challenging clinical task due to heterogeneous tumor appearance, overlapping intensity distributions, and significant interpatient variability. Accurate tumor segmentation and classification are essential for effective treatment planning and prognosis; however, manual analysis is time-consuming and subject to observer bias. This work presents an enhanced deep learning framework that integrates advanced preprocessing, an improved UNet-based segmentation network with Squeeze-and-Excitation (SE) blocks and Gaussian Error Linear Unit (GeLU) activation, and a comparative evaluation of three deep convolutional neural network architectures--ResNet50, ResNet101, and DenseNet121--for multi-class brain tumor classification. The segmentation module provides precise tumor localization, enabling the classification models to focus on clinically relevant regions and suppress background interference. The framework is evaluated on the Figshare brain tumor MRI dataset containing glioma, meningioma, and pituitary tumor classes. Experimental results demonstrate strong segmentation performance with a Dice coefficient of 91.8% and classification accuracy of up to 98.04% on unseen test data. Comparative analysis indicates that ResNet50 achieves the best balance between accuracy, generalization capability, and computational efficiency among the evaluated models. These results highlight the effectiveness of enhanced segmentation guided deep learning for reliable and real-time brain tumor diagnosis.

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Brain Tumor Classification, MRI, Deep Learning, ResNet, DenseNet, Ensemble Learning, ROC Curve, Precision-Recall Analysis

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Abstract Background: Root canal treatment (RCT) is a commonly performed endodontic procedure aimed at eliminating infection from the root canal system and preserving the natural tooth. Despite the advancement in endodontic techniques and materials, post-operative pain remains one of the most common complications experienced by patients after root canal treatment. Awareness regarding postoperative pain and its management is essential for dental students as they play an important role in providing proper patient care during clinical practice. Aim: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the awareness and knowledge regarding postoperative pain management following root canal treatment among undergraduate students. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional questionnaire-based survey was conducted among 400 undergraduate students. A structured questionnaire consisting of questions related to post-operative pain following root canal treatment, its causes, duration, and management strategies was distributed among the participants. The responses were collected and analyzed using descriptive statistical methods. Results: The results of the present study revealed that the majority of students were aware that postoperative pain can occur after root canal treatment. Female students showed slightly higher awareness levels compared to male students. Students belonging to the age group of 21-23 years demonstrated greater awareness regarding post-operative pain and its management. Conclusion: Within the limitations of the study, it can be concluded that undergraduate students possess a moderate level of awareness regarding post-operative pain management in root canal treatment. However, additional educational programs and clinical training are required to improve their knowledge and enhance patient care

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Keywords: Root canal treatment, Post-operative pain, Pain management, Awareness, Undergraduate students, Endodontics. Introduction

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This article delves deep into the reconstruction of feminist perspectives in Indian English writing, stressing the importance of Women from the works of Indian writers who discuss the issues like identity crisis, gender equality, growth and protest within the India's complex socio-cultural framework. Starting with our pioneers who marked a privileged autonomy against the patriarchal traditions, as literature progresses to post-independence writers like Bapsi Sidhwa, Manju Kapur and Kamala Das, works focuses on the issues of sexuality, gender equality, marriage, identity crisis and generational clashes. Contemporary plots dynamically involved in the concepts of identity crisis and gender equality based--introducing how the concept of gender intersects with religion, class, caste and diasporic realities. This emerging literary framework shows the feminist recovery through ground-breaking techniques of storytelling, challenging tyranny with multi-layered, complex plot that reconstruct the Indian feminist narratives of the Self: Gender, Protest, and Identity. This paper delves into how the fiction has been written by the Indian women questions the pattern of gendered oppression. The concept of protest--both overt and covert--becomes a tool for women to repossess their identity. It discusses that these plot reflect an active process of reconstructing the self, where the focus on female moves from silence to expression, from oppression to assertion.

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Transformation, growth, freedom, Gender Equality, Identity

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Mungbean (Vigna radiata L.), commonly known as green gram, is one of the most important pulse crops in India due to its nutritional value, short duration, and adaptability to diverse agro-climatic conditions. India is the largest producer and consumer of pulses globally, and mungbean plays a vital role in ensuring food security, soil fertility enhancement, and farm income diversification. This study examines the production pattern of mungbean in India through an economic lens, analyzing area expansion, yield trends, regional disparities, price dynamics, cost structures, and policy interventions. Using secondary data from national agricultural databases and published literature, growth rates and structural shifts are evaluated. The findings indicate that while the area and production of mungbean have expanded significantly over the past two decades, productivity growth remains uneven across states. Market price incentives, Minimum Support Price (MSP), irrigation access, technological adoption, and climate variability emerge as major determinants of production trends. The study concludes

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Mungbean, production Pattern,pulses , economic analysis ,productivity

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Aegle folia, derived from the leaves of Aegle marmelos (commonly known as Bael), is an important medicinal substance traditionally used in Ayurvedic and folk systems of medicine and later introduced into homoeopathic therapeutics. In homoeopathy, Aegle folia is prepared through potentization of the fresh leaves and is primarily indicated in disorders of the gastrointestinal tract, respiratory system, and certain inflammatory conditions. Phytochemical constituents of Aegle marmelos leaves--including alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, and essential oils--support its pharmacological relevance, though in homoeopathy its therapeutic action is interpreted according to the principle of "similia similibus curentur" (like cures like) and individualized prescription.This article reviews the botanical profile, homoeopathic materia medica indications, and therapeutic applications of Aegle folia, aiming to integrate traditional knowledge with homoeopathic clinical experience and contemporary scientific perspectives.

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Aegle folia , bael , botanical part , Therapeutic indication , Homoeopathy

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