Volume 12 | Issue 2 |

 Abstract

Inequality is the main source of marginality which led to insecurity, injustice and exploitation. Marginalized sections are always on the fringe and distanced from the power centers. For G. Spivak, the "subaltern" indicates that women in the Third World are dis empowered and oppressed.Marginalized literature reflects various themes such as oppression, gender discrimination, subjugation of lower and working classes, disregarded women, deprived sections of society.In the realms of modern Kashmiri Literature, Akhtar holds a significant position as a rebel against the tradition of marginalization in Kashmiri society. The writings of Akhtar have candidly and outrageously voiced his wrath and reaction against the patriarchal superiority and dominance that begot sex discrimination and led to marginalization of women in their social, cultural and family relationship. In 1955, he wrote first Kashmiri short story Dandvazun (Tiff or Squabble) which got famous, for it was about socially marginalized and downtrodden and was the real portrayal of same group. In the same year Akhtar published his first collection of short stories named Sath Sangar (The Seven Hilltops). This contains six short stories and a translation of Maupassant's short story A Piece of String. In 1956-1957, Akhtar's novel Dod Dag [Disease and Pain] was published, although his first novel, which was published in 2011, is Zaat Butraat [Earth and its Origin].

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 Keywords

Marginality, Sex , Female, Subaltern , Patriarchy,Society.etc.

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With the success of several clinical trials of products based on human serum albumin (HSA) and the rapid development of nanotechnology, HSA-based nanodrug delivery systems (HBNDSs) have received extensive attention in the field of nanomedicine. However, there is still a lack of comprehensive reviews exploring the broader scope of HBNDSs in biomedical applications beyond cancer therapy. To address this gap, this review takes a systematic approach. Firstly, it focuses on the crystal structure and the potential binding sites of HSA. Additionally, it provides a comprehensive summary of recent progresses in the field of HBNDSs for various biomedical applications over the past five years, categorized according to the type of therapeutic drugs loaded onto HSA. These categories include small-molecule drugs, inorganic materials and bioactive ingredients. Finally, the review summarizes the characteristics and current application status of HBNDSs in drug delivery, and also discusses the challenges that need to be addressed for the clinical transformation of HS.

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 Keywords

human serum albumin; drug delivery; biomedical applications;bindingsite.

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 Abstract

Obesity is one of the nutritional disorder affecting people of all age groups. Increase in body weight have been caused due to reduced physical activity rather than change in intake of food or by other means. Though its incidence is now increasing but Obesity has been described in Charaka Samhita (Sutrasthana: ch XXI v. 3-4) in the context of body phenotypes with obese phenotype having the following 8 defects [1]: 1. Shortening of life span 2. Hampered movement 3. Difficulty in sexual intercourse 4. Debility 5. Foul smell 6. Over sweating 7. Excessive much hunger 8. Excessive thirst Obesity is the primary driver of non-communicable diseases like Diabetes, Cardiovascular diseases, Disabilities like osteoarthritis and even cancer.

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Obesity, Homoeopathic Approach, obesity & Homoeopathy, Assesment of Obesity,BMI

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Abstract Background: Residents of Himachal Pradesh, India, face inherent vulnerability to natural disasters like landslides and floods. Preparedness becomes crucial in mitigating their impact. This article highlights the importance of community engagement in disaster management for this region. Objectives: 1. Identify community responsibilities in disaster prevention and risk awareness. 2. Examine approaches to managing landslide and flood disasters through active community participation. 3. Analyse risk assessment and preparedness strategies adopted by communities in Himachal Pradesh. Methods: This study combines: o Literature review on community-based disaster management. o In-depth analysis of existing approaches in Himachal Pradesh. o Consideration of natural disaster types like landslides and floods. Significance: The article contributes to: o Understanding the role of communities in reducing disaster vulnerability. o Identifying effective community-based risk assessment and preparedness strategies. o Providing insights for enhancing community resilience in Himachal Pradesh.

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Keywords: Community preparedness, Himachal Pradesh, landslides, floods, disaster management

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Now a day's vehicle parking is an imporant issue and day by day its necessity is increasing. In india we are still using the manual vehicle parking system and that is why we are facing problems like wastage of time and fuel finding free space around the parking ground , To solve these problems we are introducing design and impliment QR- code based smart parking system would be mainly focused on assisting driver to easily find vacant parking spaces in a proper parking region and there will be monitor available where the number of available parking slots will be displayed.

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the user will have to provide his mobile phone number and car's registration numberand the operator will give command to open the gate, a car parking tray will come & will park the car in the garage. The user will reiceve a sms which will contain a code. After the car is parked a time counter will count the amount of money to be deducated till car is parked out and while parking out the driver reach the spot then security guard give QR code to the driver to scan the QR to scan and payme

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Cities experiencing rapid population growth and urbanization face a major challenge in the form of traffic congestion.The increased population and urbanization rates contribute to elevated stress level,primarily stemming from air and noice pollution,as well as heightened fule consumption thereby making urban life more challenging to overcome on this situation we are working on smart traffic signal process named as Traffic Light Coordination And Perception-Driven Indentification with the use of Artificial Intelligence and also focussing on project optimization.

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Traffic congestion,Project optimization,Artificial Intelligence

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"Insurance" has been playing a very crucial role from the beginning of the 19th Century. Its an intensive business in human life. The different type of policies of insurance sectors whether its public or private have been putting positive impact on the life of the people. Keeping an eye over today's competitive global market, the insurance sectors open the door for the better career opportunities for the youth. Getting a Job in Insurance Sector directly shows the status symbol of the employee. Instead of all the safe sides, employees face many challenges in different situations and the job opportunities also varies. During COVID-19, this year has totally changed the working culture in corporate sectors. Employees of these sectors declared essential by the State and Central Government and their work was taken as mandatory functions. For this, employees faced a high risk of exposure of Covid 19. Risk increased very fast because of unregulated safety measures, lack of protective equipment and crowded settings for the employees of these sectors. During this epidemic, many important factors arose-such as Job Security, Inadequate Paid Sick Leave, Salary Cut, Retrenchment, High Job Attrition, Low Socio-Economic Status. This study aims at understanding the challenges and opportunities faced by employees of this sector during the period of COVID-19. This study also suggests practices and methods to be adapted by companies during pandemic.

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 Keywords

CORPORARTE SECTORS, COVID-19, INSURANCE SECTORS, JOB ATTRITION, JOB OPPURTUNITIES, PANDEMIC, RETRENCHEMENT

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The Contagious Disease Act was a series of legislative measures enacted in 19th-century colonial India and later in England, Scotland, and Ireland. These acts aimed to combat sexually transmitted diseases, particularly syphilis and gonorrhoea, by implementing mandatory medical examinations and treating women on the street. The rationale behind these acts was to protect the health of the military by preventing the spread of sexually transmitted infections. However, the act specifically targeted women involved in prostitution, largely ignoring the role of men in spreading the disease. This paper examines the unique history of prostitution in 19th-century colonial India, focusing on the intersection of legal, social, and moral dimensions under British rule. It explores the implementation of the Contagious Diseases Acts, which introduced Victorian moral values into Indian law, aimed at controlling female sexuality and venereal diseases among British troops. The analysis highlights the complex dynamics of power, gender, and class, revealing how these laws affected the social standing of women engaged in prostitution and the broader implications for Indian society. Through a critical examination of colonial and indigenous responses, this study underscores the lasting impact of colonial legal frameworks on contemporary social and legal challenges in India, contributing to a deeper understanding of the colonial legacy on gender and morality.

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 Keywords

Venereal Disease, Nationalism, British Empire, Lock Hospitals, Criminalization, Prostitution.

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COVID-19, a highly transmissible respiratory ailment, was initially identified in December 2019 in Wuhan, China. It swiftly spread worldwide and is attributed to the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Notable variants such as Alpha, Beta, Delta, and Omicron have emerged, resulting in symptoms such as fever, cough, and breathing difficulties. As of 2023, approximately 770 million cases have been documented, with a tragic death toll of 6.9 million. Several factors contribute to increased COVID-19 morbidity among adults, including advanced age, male gender, pre-existing health conditions, and racial/ethnic disparities. Protective measures against SARS-CoV-2 infection encompass a adequate nutrition, COVID-19 vaccination, and the management of atopic conditions. The arsenal of tools to combat COVID-19 includes antiviral medications, steroids, chloroquine, convalescent plasma, vaccines, and monoclonal antibody treatments aimed at preventing severe illness. Broadly, there are six main categories into which potential vaccine candidates can be organized, each offering unique approaches to vaccination. These categories encompass viral vector-based vaccines, DNA vaccines, subunit vaccines, nanoparticle-based vaccines, inactivated-whole virus vaccines, and live-attenuated vaccines. Severe cases of COVID-19 are marked by rest-related shortness of breath and respiratory distress. A combination of techniques, such as genome sequencing, nucleic acid molecular testing, antigen/antibody detection, and computed tomography imaging, are employed to diagnose and screen for COVID-19 infection. This review delves into the current state of knowledge, prevention strategies, treatment options, and the analysis of extensive vaccines related to COVID-19.

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Covid-19, Corona virus, Vaccines, Monoclonal antibody, DNA

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ChatGPT is a series of popular generative Artificial Intelligence Chabot and language model developed by OpenAI, The large language models (LLMS) that support earlier Chabot models were unmoral and could only process and generate text, and potential to play in public health. With its ability to generate human like text bases on large amounts of data, ChatGPT has the potential to support individuals and communities in making informed decisions about their health. However, as with any technology, there are limitations and challenges to consider when using ChatGPT in public health. ChatGPT works by attempting to understand prompt and spitting out strings of words that it predicts will best answer our question, based on the data it was trained on, and generally considered to be safe to use. In this study potential uses and issues of ChatGPT in public health, as well as the merits and demerits of future, scope, uses ChatGPT, Cyber security in Medical Information and its capabilities is examined.

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 Keywords

Keywords: Introduction of ChatGPT, Public health, Uses, Issues, Cyber security, AI

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition