Volume 14 | Issue 2 |

 Abstract

The hospitality sector has emerged as one of the most significant contributors to economic development, employment generation, and cultural promotion in India. Bihar, despite its rich historical, religious, and cultural heritage, has remained relatively underdeveloped in the field of hospitality and tourism. However, in recent years, the state has witnessed substantial growth in tourism infrastructure, hotel businesses, transportation facilities, and government initiatives aimed at promoting tourism and hospitality. The hospitality sector in Bihar includes hotels, restaurants, transport services, event management, travel agencies, guest houses, resorts, catering services, and tourism-related enterprises. The increasing number of domestic and international tourists visiting places such as Bodh Gaya, Rajgir, Nalanda, Vaishali, Patna Sahib, Madhubani, and Vikramshila has created immense opportunities for the growth of the hospitality industry. The present study focuses on examining the scope and potential of the hospitality sector in Bihar. It explores the economic importance of hospitality, employment opportunities, tourism development, investment possibilities, and challenges faced by the industry. The study also analyzes government policies and schemes introduced to improve tourism and hospitality infrastructure in the state. Bihar possesses enormous potential due to its Buddhist tourism circuit, Jain pilgrimage centers, Sikh religious heritage, eco-tourism sites, historical monuments, and rich cultural traditions. Despite these opportunities, the hospitality sector in Bihar faces several challenges such as inadequate infrastructure, limited quality accommodations, poor transportation connectivity in rural areas, lack of trained manpower, insufficient marketing, and low private investment. Addressing these issues through strategic planning, public-private partnerships, skill development programs, and sustainable tourism policies can improve the competitiveness of Bihar's hospitality industry. The study concludes that Bihar possesses strong potential to become a major hospitality and tourism destination in India. With effective policy implementation, infrastructure development, investment promotion, and professional hospitality education, the sector can contribute significantly to economic growth, employment generation, and social development in the state.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Hospitality, Tourism, Bihar, Economic Development, Employment Generation, Cultural Heritage, Infrastructure, Sustainable Tourism

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Kubernetes has emerged as the dominant orchestration platform for cloud-native systems, enabling organizations to consolidate workloads onto shared clusters for improved efficiency and scalability. However, as multi-tenant deployments expand, challenges related to namespace governance, isolation, policy enforcement, and lifecycle automation become increasingly complex. While Kubernetes provides foundational primitives such as namespaces, role-based access control (RBAC), and resource quotas, these mechanisms alone are insufficient to guarantee secure, scalable, and compliant multi-tenancy in large enterprise environments.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Kubernetes multi-tenancy; Namespace-as-a-Service; cloud-native governance; policy-as-code; RBAC automation; container orchestration; platform engineering; resource isolation; namespace lifecycle management; Kubernetes security.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The Vidarbha region of Maharashtra, which has experienced a long history of serious agricultural problems, is changing toward a model for sustainable development -- specifically through the production of mulberry (Bombyx mori) and tasar (Antheraea mylitta) silks. The research contained in this document identifies gender-based labor models within both silk-producing regions of the Amravati and Nagpur divisions. This was accomplished using primary data gathered from the Central Silk Board (CSB) and the PLFS 2023 - 2024 surveys. Multiple Regression Analysis (MRA or OLS) and Chi-Square analyses were performed on these data to identify the manner in which labor is distributed into tasks and how those tasks influence larval survival. Data show that women are responsible for over seventy percent of all labor per unit of land area in the Amravati and Nagpur division and, therefore, most directly engaged in the high-precision "care" activities necessary to buffer the effects of extreme temperatures in the region. However, despite their significant contribution, women are often classified as unpaid family labor. In this paper, we assess the financial feasibility of developing an enterprise in Amravati and Nagpur, and find that there is a margin of safety of 89.03%. We also align our results with the policy outlined in the Maharashtra Integrated and Sustainable Textile Policy 2023 - 2028 and suggest that changes to state policies should be made to formally recognize the contributions of women in the silk industry.

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 Keywords

Bombyx mori, Sericulture, Gender-Stratified Labor, Vidarbha, Larval Resilience.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Vidyarthion ke jivan mein badtha internet ka prabhav

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Vidyarthion ke jivan mein badtha internet ka prabhav

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Social change and moral awareness in the stories of Munshi Premchand

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Social change and moral awareness in the stories of Munshi Premchand

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Ocean governance has become increasingly significant in the contemporary world due to growing pressures on marine ecosystems and the expanding utilization of ocean resources. The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) 1982 represents the most comprehensive international legal framework governing maritime activities and the management of ocean resources. This paper examines the development, structure, and significance of UNCLOS in shaping modern ocean governance. It analyses the historical evolution of the Convention, its principal provisions, and its role in regulating maritime boundaries, resource exploitation, environmental protection, and dispute settlement. The study also highlights contemporary challenges such as maritime conflicts, illegal fishing, climate change, and deep-sea mining, which test the effectiveness of the UNCLOS framework. By evaluating these issues, the paper underscores the continuing relevance of UNCLOS as a foundational instrument for promoting international cooperation, sustainable marine resource management, and peaceful use of the oceans.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

UNCLOS 1982, Ocean Governance, Maritime Law, Marine Sustainability, International Maritime Regulation

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Abstract Persian language and literature, with a history spanning more than a millennium, occupy a distinguished position not only in Iran, Afghanistan, and Tajikistan but also in the Indian subcontinent and parts of the Turkic world. Within this rich literary tradition, women have played a dual role: as subjects represented in literary texts and as authors who have actively shaped the development of Persian literature. This paper examines women's contributions to Persian language and literature from the classical to the modern period. It explores their poetic and prose works, the representation of women in literary texts, the social and cultural challenges they faced, and the transformation of female literary expression in the modern era.

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8826521826

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The impact of life skills training on teaching and learning practices among teacher candidates was investigated in this study, with a focus on evaluating life skills changes before and after the intervention and examining how they relate to particular demographic traits. Using a quasi-experimental pre-test-post-test design with no control group, 153 teacher trainees enrolled in pre-service teacher education programs were included. A standardized Life Skills Questionnaire with 30 items covering six core domains--self-awareness, empathy, creative and critical thinking, decision-making, and stress management--was used to collect the data. The intervention included planned training sessions with the goal of enhancing classroom management, communication, problem-solving, and decision-making skills through interactive and experiential methods. ANOVA, paired t-tests, and descriptive statistics were used in statistical analyses to assess demographic correlations and mean differences; significance was set at p < 0.05. The overall life skills score increased significantly from 113.29 in the pre-test to 129.26 in the post-test (t = -8.863, p < 0.001), indicating the effectiveness of the life skills training. After the intervention, the majority of participants (94.1%) moved into the high life skills group, and the improvement of life skills was strongly correlated with both gender and the medium of instruction. The study emphasizes how important it is to incorporate life skills instruction into teacher preparation programs in order to develop reflective, sensitive, and flexible teachers. The National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 states that in order to improve lifetime learning and comprehensive professional development, life skills training should be incorporated into pre-service and in-service teacher education programs.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Pedagogical approaches, life skills education, teacher candidates and life skills.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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This paper explores the complex intersections of gender, sexuality and homo-nationalism in Indian English fiction through a critical analysis of Arundhati Roy's "The Ministry of Utmost Happiness (2017)". Engaging with queer theoretical frameworks, particularly Judith Butler's notion of gender performativity and Jasbir Puar's concept of homo-nationalism, the study examines how the Indian nation-state selectivity incorporates certain queer identities to project an image of progressiveness while continuing to marginalize others who do not conform to dominant cultural, religious and political norms.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Gender, Sexuality, Homo-Nationalism, Indian English fiction, Queer Theory)

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Women's are the wealth of the world. She is working equally to that of men in all the fields, subjected to various injustices and inequalities at every stage of work life. However, another reality of Indian society is that over the past few years, the issue of women's safety has become a prime focus of public attention and concern as there is fear of sexual violence against them. Sexual harassment at workplace has been recognized as a violation of human rights and it is considered as a crime which violates the dignity and respect of a women. It is yet another form of violence reflecting patriarchal mind sets and gender based discrimination that women experience at work. It reduces the quality of working life, jeopardizes the well-being of women. Sexual harassment which was otherwise invisible menace until quite recently, has now become a major social problem with the widespread entry of women as a work force. Supreme Court decided several landmark cases that set forth new and broader standards for holding employers liable when management-level employees engage in conduct that creates a hostile environment for women subordinates. Meanwhile 'The Sexual Harassment of Women at Workplace Act, 2013' was enacted to overcome this problem. But, most Indian employers have not implemented the law despite the legal requirement that any workplace with more than 10 employees need to implement it. The government has threatened to take stern action against employers who fail to comply with this law. Hence it is focused that employers must ensure that their workplace harassment prevention policies and all other policies are up-to-date and are effectively communicated to each employee. The policy should clearly define what constitutes harassing behaviour, and the employer should reinforce a zero-tolerance response and outline the range of disciplinary consequences for harassers.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

ENSURING GENDER - SAFE WORKPLACES: THE ROLE AND LIABILITY OF EMPLOYER

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition