Volume 6 | Issue 2 |

 Abstract

Consumption expenditure is increasing due to increase in urbanisation, breaking up of the traditional joint family system, desire for quality food, lack of time which translates in to an increased need for convenience. Increasing number of working population, rise in the per capita income in forcible situations of other dominants, changing lifestyles and increasing level of affluence of the surroundings with lack of saving attitude and appropriate awareness brought a significant changes in the expenditure patterns among the people. Hence this study has been undertaken to analyse the consumption pattern of textile employees and executives in Tirupur City, Tamil Nadu. Results revealed that majority of the respondents spend between ?1001 and ?2000 for food, less than ?500 for house rent (electricity bill & water bill), less than ?500 for transport expenses, less than ?500 for medical expenses, less than ?500 for education of self and dependents, less than ?500 for clothing and footwear, less than ?500 for communication, less than ?500 for recreation and entertainment, less than ?500 for pan and alcoholic beverages, less than ?500 for consumer durables, less than ?500 for family and other religious functions and less than ?500 for other items of consumption. Results also revealed that, among monthly spending between ?2001 and ?3000 and above ?3000, majority of the respondents spend it for food items only.

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 Keywords

Consumption Pattern Textile Employees Savings Investment

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This paper provides a overview of approaches to understand crime and criminal behaviour, with a focus on law, statistic and psychological perspective. A wide range of different types of criminal behaviour are considered include juvenile crime, violent offending, sexual offending, collective violence, and so on. For each type of offence a clear overview and some theoretical approaches have been developed. It also includes by considering our theoretical understanding of crime can inform our response to criminal behavior in terms of punishment, prevention, procedure, rehabilitation and reformation.

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crime, punishment, criminal psychology

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Electrical discharge machining (EDM) is a process of eroding material through a series of successive sparks between the sample and the electrode with the conversion of electrical energy to thermal energy over the work piece material by neglecting physical contact with electrodes which is having good contact with electrodes and also it possesses good electrical and thermal conductivity. For the purpose of characteristics evaluation and machining performance, Al6063 alloy was preferred and used with Silicon Carbide (SiC) which has high thermal conductivity and melting point. In view of improving hardness, strength and effective grain size, the hybrid metal matrix composite specimen were prepared by stir casting method with suitable weight percentages. For achieving excellent Material removal rate (MRR) and improvement of machining characteristics, the process was made by the comparison of Cu and Cu-Cr electrodes machining with positive as well as negative polarities. Therefore, the objective of the present work extracts the machining performance of Al-SiC-Fly ash in EDM was evaluated in terms of Material removal rate(MRR), Electrode wear rate (EWR) and surface roughness and also find out the hardness improvements by the addition of reinforcements. The experiments were carried out to expel the effective machinability and surface quality of hybrid metal matrix composite.

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 Keywords

Stir casting, EDM, Surface roughness, Metal Matrix Composite, Electrode wear rate.

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To lead the assessment of communication systems, the designing new antennas are prudent to produce new parameters to achieve all characteristics like small size and versatile in nature. The micro strip reconfigurable UWB and small band width antenna is introduced in this proposal. The UWB is a radio technology it is low power consumption, large data rate transmission .it is a one type of micro strip antenna, it is useful for WIMAX applications, it poses many wide band frequencies from 2 to 10GHz frequency range .The proposed inverted u shape antenna consisting of a limited defected bottom surface and 9*1.5mm length and width patch is arranged to produced wide band of frequency from 4.27GHz to 8.7GHz. in this proposal has a one small band of frequency is generated by the switches of inverted U-shape , arranged in the rectangular shape. In this shape is placed to reduced disturbance with WIMAX (World Wide Interoperability for Microwave) applications from 2.98GHz to 3.96GHz. The reconfigurable narrow band and UWB characteristics are produced by using PIN diode placed on the surface of inverted square-shaped slot. The reconfiguration is achieved for this proposed antenna by placing the two ideal PIN switches. The designed antenna is operated in four different conditions, which is produced by controlling the PIN diodes ON/OFF. For this proposed antenna has VSWR < 2. This micro strip antenna designing has been simulated using HFSS ANSYS 16.1 software.

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 Keywords

Reconfigurable antenna, UWB antenna, inverted U-shape slot, antenna radiation patterns, and switches

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Mind disease location without human impedance is a noteworthy test in the field of therapeutic picture handling. Division of MRI mind pictures is a strategy utilized as a first venture towards removing diverse highlights from these pictures for investigating, deciphering and understanding. The boosting calculation is embraced for the learning procedure. It picks few exceedingly particular highlights from an extensive list of capabilities and join them together to get a solid classifier for recovery. It is presented with an another "boosting" calculation called AdaBoost which, hypothetically, can be utilized to altogether lessen the blunder of any learning calculation that reliably creates classifiers whose execution is somewhat superior to anything arbitrary speculating. The boosting calculation has effectively set up a system to "support" an arrangement of base classifiers into a solid one. The goal of MRI mind division is to recognize the sort of cerebrum variation from the norm. Shading division might be more precise as a result of more data at the pixel level contrasting with dark scale pictures.

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Mind disease, AdaBoost Algorithm, division, Tumor recovery

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Introduction Osteoporosis is a bone related condition in which there are structural changes in the lattice work of bone, it becomes porous and weak and bone fractures or there is risk of fractures. Certain modifiable factors like inadequate calcium intake in diet, sedentary life style, taking high dose of alcohol, smoking also play important roles in developing osteoporosis which are controllable. Aims and objectives: A comparative study was done to know impact of food habits and lifestyle of normal healthy people and osteoporosed people. Material and methods: Two hundred subjects of Dhanbad town whose age range was in between 30 to 70 years, were selected for the study, out of which one hundred were normal healthy respondents and another one hundred osteoporosed respondents of both sexes. The study was conducted through BMD machine based on T score as per WHO criteria. A fixed set of questionnaires regarding their calcium rich diets, physical activities and exercise habit, alcohol intake, smoking, were asked to all the respondents groups and recorded in the data sheet and the and results were analyzed. Results: Percentage of non-vegetarians were very high both in normal persons and osteoporosed respondents. In osteoporosed group 60% males respondents and 66% females respondents were not taking calcium rich diet. 86 % males and 62 % females in normal healthy respondent groups were found doing aerobic exercise on daily basis or on most of the days. while in osteoporosed groups respondent 70% males and same 70% females were of sedentary habit. None of the females respondents both in normal and osteoporosed groups, were indulged in alcohol intake. In osteoporosed respondents , only 8% males were taking alcohol on daily basis. None of the females respondents, were smokers in either group. In osteoporosed male respondents, only 8% were smokers on regular daily basis. Conclusion: There is definite impacts of food habits, and life style on osteoporosis. Adequate amount of calcium rich diet intake and role of exercise play an important role on good health while inadequate amount of calcium rich diet and sedentary life style is definitely related to osteoporosis.

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Keywords: Bone Mineral Density (BMD), Osteoporosis, T- score, WHO,

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Empowerment, Micro Finance, etc.,

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Insurance, Premium, Endowment, Perception, Grievances

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In wireless systems, network coding has demonstrated a powerful approach in expanding system performance. But Practically if we see there are numerous security concerns which hinder its wide sending. Other than the very much contemplated black-hole attacks, pollution attacks, there is another serious risk of wormhole attacks. Wormhole attack collapses the execution increase of network coding. As the qualities of network coding are particularly not quite the same as traditional wireless networks. Subsequently the effect of these attacks and countermeasures are obscure. . For the distributed scenarios, we propose a distributed algorithm, DAWN, to detect wormhole attacks in wireless intra flow network coding systems. The main idea of our solutions is that we examine the order of the nodes to receive the innovative packets in the network, and explore its relation with a widely used metric, expected transmission count associated with each node. In this paper we analyzed Distributed Detection algorithm to detect wormhole attack in wireless network coding which is a modified one. It considers the energy factor of the node. Energy of node is the capacity of sending and receiving number of packets in the network.

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Wireless Network coding, Expected Transmission Count, Modified Distributed Approach

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Dalit literature, generally considered as the literature of the Dalits, by the Dalits and for the Dalits aims at the liberation of Dalit folk from the oppressive structures and marginalized status in the Hindu society. Writing acts as powerful catalyst for the Dalits to reveal their experiences and sufferings and a spirit of protest against the upper-class in a provocative language. Dalits have succeeded in creating a specific genre in Indian literature across several languages through their continuing demands for equality and human rights through strong emotions. Dalit literature narrates a prevalent level of exploitation and life condition of Dalit community in a very intensive and extensive manner. Sarankumar Limbale’s Akkarmashi or The Outcaste is an emotionally violent autobiography of a marginalized growing outside the territories of the Hindu caste as a half-caste. He suffers the anguish of being torn between two castes, not fully belonging to any. This paper makes an attempt to understand the voice of the Dalits, the problems of fractured identity, untouchability and education as pictured in the Akkarmashi, the autobiographical narrative. Limbale projects before the readers the social and cultural conditions of his community and the humiliation they experience from the privileged class and their hopelessness and helplessness.

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 Keywords

fractured identity, half-caste, oppressive structures

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition