Volume 10 | Issue 2 |

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PVA , FTIR,UV-VIS Thin film, Polymer complex

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Photoluminescence (PL), rare earth ions, NSAB:Sm3+, quenching mechanism.

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In the present work we describes mainly the optical absorption, photoluminescence (PL) characteristics of Sm3+ ions doped sodium alumino-borate phosphors Na2Al2B2O7 (NABO). The fine polycrystalline powder samples of NABO:Sm3+ has been prepared by a solution combustion technique. Powder X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy studies were used to characterize the prepared combustion powder. Photoluminescence spectra revealed that samarium ions are present in trivalent oxidation states. The PL excitation spectra of NABO:Sm3+ consists of several bands peaking at 305 nm, 330 nm, 344 nm, 361 nm, 374 nm, 403 nm, 462 nm and 473 nm. The excitation spectrum monitored at 403 nm emission consists of green emission band peaking at 565 nm, orange emission band peaking at 603 nm and red emission band peaking at 651 nm. Since the prominent excitation peaks are above 350 nm, the phosphor may useful for solid state lighting application.

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Alumino-Borates, Combustion Synthesis, XRD, Photoluminescence, LED.

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There are several uses of nonlinear optical materials such as optical switching, lens less optical focusing and defocusing etc. These non-linear materials can show its strong applications. The focal length of a material (if the material is used for self- focusing) depends on the applied power. Here in this chapter, a method of controlling the focal length of a nonlinear material based on the joint use of electro-optic material and a nonlinear crystal is proposed. The focal length of the nonlinear material depends upon the voltage applied to the electro-optic material. By changing this voltage in the electro-optic material, the focal length can be varied and this technique can be used as a focal length controller. A suitable electro-optic material and a nonlinear material can be used this purpose.

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Nonlinear materials, Self Focusing, Eletro-optic material, Focal length, Applied voltage.

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ZnO Nanoparticles can be prepared by different methods. Zinc oxide nanoparticles find extensive uses in variety of specialized applications. There are multiple synthesis techniques available for producing ZnO nanoparticles, which determine the dimensions and morphologies of the particles. Among various synthesis techniques, chemical route, especially direct precipitation method for preparing ZnO nanoparticles by employing zinc sulphate and potassium hydroxide as precursor finds extensive applicability in synthesizing ZnO nanoparticles. The prepared ZnO nanoparticles were characterized by uv-visible spectra and XRD.

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CHEMICAL ROUTE SYNTHESIS AND SONICATION OF ZNO NANOPARTICLES

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In response to external conditions smart materials changes their properties, compositions, structure, appearance, functions etc. Smart materials are also called responsive materials as they are highly responsive and respond to environmental stimuli with particular changes in some variables. Smart materials are those that change one or more of their properties such as shape, colour, size etc when subjected to an external stimulus like pressure, temperature, humidity, light, electric field, magnetic field etc. Smart materials have vast potential applications in every field. Research and development in Smart Materials gives outstanding boost to technical sphere. Specific types of smart materials are Piezoelectric materials, Electrostrictive materials, Magnetostrictive materials, Shape memory alloys, Thermo and Photo chromic materials, Thermoelectric materials, Electro and Magneto rheological fluids etc. Smart materials shows their potential applications in the fields like Engineering, Medicine, fabrics, aeronautics, civil engineering, constructions, automobiles, health monitoring, computers and electronic devices, field of defense and space, reducing waste etc. This paper highlights the brief introduction to Smart materials, types of smart materials and their applications in different areas.

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Smart materials, piezoelectric, Electro strictive, Magneto strictive, Shape memory alloys, chromic materials

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The undoped gas sensors are not able to sense for a particular gas in this condition to improve the sensitivity and selectivity of sensor is most important task. The sensitivity and selectivity of sensor can be improved by dopants or additives which can change the gas sensing characteristics. A suitable catalyst or dopant is often added in small percentage in the pure material to enhance the sensitivity and selectivity. Nanocomposite term contain mixture of two or more nano oxide materials like binary oxide, ternary oxide, etc. Nanocomposite films consists of nanocrystalline or amorphous phase of a least two different materials In2O3:MoO3 binary oxide thin films were prepared by using spray pyrolysis technique on glass substrate at 4000C temperature. In2O3 as dopant and MoO3 as a functional material in film. The precursor InCl3 and MoCl5 of concentrations 0.3N:0.3N. The changes in parameters like sensitivity, selectivity, response time, grain size, surface area, and stability of the gas sensors which were improved by addition of different dopants, and the results of the analysis are presented in the paper.

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Gas sensor, spray pyrolysis technique, binary oxide thin films, In2O3, MoO3, Thin film, XRD, SEM and EDS.

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CuO and ZnO nanoparticles were synthesized using cost effective precipitation and green synthesis methods respectively. Synthesized nanoparticles were used to establish CuO-ZnO binary oxides thick films. Thick films have been developed by standard screen printing technique on a glass substrate. The structural characterizations of films were studied using FESEM, EDAX and XRD. The electrical characterization of thick films were studied using resistivity, activation energy and temperature coefficient of resistance (TCR). The XRD plots matched perfectly with JCPDS card number 80-1916 and 80-0074 for CuO and ZnO respectively and found that ZnO has hexagonal structure and CuO has monoclinic structure. Hydrogen sulphide gas sensing mechanisms of these films were investigated at various operating temperatures and PPM concentrations of gas. The 5% ZnO doped CuO binary oxide thick films shows maximum sensitivity of 78.8% sensitivity to 100 ppm of H2S gas at operating different temperature 500 C. The films also showed a rapid response time of 8 seconds and recovery time of 20 seconds.

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Synthesis, Nanoparticles, Binary oxide, Sensitivity, H2S gas.

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Due to human and industrial events the ground water is polluted. This is the thoughtful problem now a day.Thus, the analysis of the water quality is very important to preserve and prefect the natural eco system. The valuation of the ground water quality was carried out in the different villages in Risod Tehsil. The present work is aimed at measuring the water quality index (WQI) for the ground water of different villages in Risod Tehsil.The ground water samples of all the selected stations from the villages were collected for a physiochemical analysis. For calculating present water quality status by statistical evaluation and water quality index, following 6 parameters have been considered Viz. pH, colour, total dissolved solids. electrical conductivity, total alkalinity, total hardness. The obtained results are compared with Indian Standard Drinking Water specification IS: 10500-2012. The study of physico-chemical and biological characteristics of this ground water sample suggests that the assessment of water quality parameters as well as water quality management practices should be carried out periodically to protect the water resources.

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Ground water, Water quality standards, Physico-chemical, Water Quality Index.

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A novel two step total synthesis of natural product Pegamine was successfully carried out from readily available, cheap starting material in 72% overall yield.

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Concise and Efficient Total Synthesis ofBioactive Natural Product Pegamine

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