Volume 7 | Issue 2 |

 Abstract

Today, globalization, most kinds of Business organization is Meeting emerging challenges in the form of acquisition, budgeting, maintenance and optimization the performance of the organization in line with development of human capital. It is found that weak organizational performance could be a lack of strategic conducting towards the performance of private banks in Palestine. The aim of this study is examining the impact of strategic management on organizational performance. The result of the study showed that strategic management enhances organizational performance to a higher degree. The recommendations of this study is that private banks in Palestine should implement all stages of strategic management to achieve significant performance, these strategies includes setting annual targets, policy development, stimulate employees, resource allocation, awareness-raising and supporting environment for strategies, and developing the skills and knowledge of human capital

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 Keywords

Strategic Management, Organizational Performance, Financial institution

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Floods are among the most devastating and recurring natural disasters, causing significant loss of life and economic damage. Traditional flood management has often been reactive, focusing on post-event response. This study proposes a proactive framework for flood risk mitigation by leveraging advanced hydrological and hydrodynamic modeling. The proposed system integrates high-resolution topographic data (LiDAR), real-time meteorological forecasts, and land-use maps within the HEC-HMS (Hydrologic Engineering Center's Hydrologic Modeling System) and HEC-RAS (River Analysis System) software environment. The methodology involves the development, calibration, and validation of a watershed model for a case study area, the [Insert River Basin Name], to simulate rainfall-runoff processes and predict flood inundation extents and depths. The core of the proactive approach lies in executing these models with forecasted rainfall data to generate early and precise flood hazard maps. This enables authorities to issue timely warnings, plan targeted evacuations, and implement pre-emptive resource allocation. The results demonstrate a significant improvement in lead time and spatial accuracy of flood warnings compared to traditional gauge-based methods. This work concludes that integrating predictive hydrological models into decision-support systems is a critical step towards building resilient communities and transitioning from flood response to flood preparedness.

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 Keywords

Flood Risk Mitigation; Hydrological Modeling; HEC-HMS; HEC-RAS; Flood Inundation Mapping; Early Warning System; Proactive Disaster Management; Hydrological Simulation.

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The advancement of Internet of Things (IoT) technologies has transformed the healthcare sector by enabling real-time and remote patient monitoring[1]. This paper presents the design and implementation of an IoT-based patient monitoring system utilizing the Raspberry Pi 3B/4 platform, integrated with a suite of biomedical sensors [2]. The system continuously collects vital health parameters such as heart rate, blood oxygen level (SpO?), body temperature, blood pressure, and ECG signals using sensors like MAX30100, DS18B20, BP sensor kit, and AD8232 ECG module[3]. These data are processed locally on the Raspberry Pi and transmitted via Wi-Fi to a cloud-based IoT platform, specifically Adafruit IO, enabling real-time visualization and remote access by medical professionals [4]. The system is programmed using Python and employs HTTP protocols for efficient and secure communication between the hardware and the cloud. A local 20x4 LCD display is also included to show live patient readings on-site [6]. The proposed model aims to improve patient care in both clinical and home-based environments by enabling continuous monitoring and early diagnosis of health anomalies [7]. The system is cost-effective, scalable, and highly beneficial for critical care and remote healthcare applications, particularly in resource-constrained settings.

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 Keywords

- Internet of Things (IoT), Raspberry Pi, Patient Monitoring, Biomedical Sensors, MAX30100, AD8232, DS18B20, Adafruit IO, Real-time Health Monitoring, Remote Healthcare, Python Programming, Cloud-Based Monitoring System.

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Kannada language and culture have been created and developed over several centuries by the continuous efforts of philosophers, writers and artists. In this cultural luminary, Dr. Kota Shivarama Karantharu has left an indelible mark with his unique personality and versatile talent. He has made unparalleled contributions in the fields of Kannada literature, theatre, environmental protection, education and social reform. This article aims to analyze the life of Dr. Karantharu, his works and the impact they have on society, and to elucidate the historical and contemporary significance of his works.

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Shivaram Karanth, Kannada literature, children's literature, theatre, Yakshagana, environmental protection, social reform, education, scientific mentality, cultural preservation, Renaissance movement

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Bihu, the most celebrated festival in Assam, plays a significant role in shaping the socio-cultural landscape of the state. It is not just a festive occasion but a deep-rooted cultural tradition that reflects the agricultural rhythm, social harmony, and collective identity of the Assamese people. Celebrated in three forms Rongali (Bohag), Bhogali (Magh), and Kongali (Kati) each Bihu corresponds to different phases of the agrarian cycle and marks unique customs and practices. Bihu contributes significantly to preserving traditional art forms such as dance, music, attire, and crafts. It fosters social integration by uniting people from diverse ethnic and religious backgrounds, promoting a spirit of togetherness and mutual respect. The active involvement of women and youth in Bihu celebrations also highlights its role in empowerment and intergenerational cultural continuity. Furthermore, the festival supports the rural economy through the demand for local products and promotes eco-friendly values closely tied to nature. In essence, Bihu is a vibrant expression of Assamese cultural heritage that continues to adapt to modern times while retaining its traditional core. Its socio-cultural impact is both deep and enduring, making it a cornerstone of identity and community life in Assam.

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Bihu, Assamese culture, Socio-cultural, Folk traditions, Community unity, Cultural identity, Traditional dance.

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Scheduled Castes are those castes/races, which have been specified in a list in accordance with Article 341 of our Constitution. The Scheduled Caste (SC) population, according to 2011 Census, is 201378372 constituting 16.63 percent of the total population of India. As per 2011 census the total scheduled caste population in Assam was 2231321 constituting 7.15% of India's total SC population. This work has been carried out to study the socio-economic characteristics of the SC population in Majuli district, Assam. The socio-economic structure of Scheduled Caste population is different from that of the other castes. The levels and variation in the demographic characteristics are more likely to be affected by the socio-economic variation among the Scheduled Caste population. Therefore, the study of socio-economic conditions of the Scheduled Cast population is of great importance. This study will attempt to explore the unexplored uniqueness of the SC society in Majuli district. The researcher feels that in order to improve the life style of this community and eradicating poverty and unemployment from their area, it is now very much essential that the government departments, NGO s, local public be involved in rural development work and suitable technology for development of rural area infrastructure be made.

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Socio-Economic, Scheduled Castes, population, Community & Development.

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Abstract:Environmental degradation in coal mining regions remains a pressing issue in India, particularly in the Eastern Coalfields Limited (ECL) areas of West Bengal and Jharkhand. This article examines the various environmental hazards resulting from ECL's mining activities, including land degradation, air and water pollution, and threats to biodiversity. Through an in depth discussion based on credible studies and systematic field observation, the paper investigates the socio-ecological implications of open-cast and underground mining. It highlights the effects on local communities, agriculture and the atmosphere while reflecting on the role of government regulation and corporate responsibility. The article aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the long-term environmental risks and proposes holistic measures for mitigation. By combining scholarly insights and critical reflection, this work emphasizes the urgency of sustainable practices in ECL regions to safeguard both nature and people.

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ECL, coal mining, environmental hazard, land degradation, pollution.

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The Village Panchayat or elected council had large powers, both executive and judicial. Land was distributed by this panchayat which also collected taxes out of the produce and paid the government's share on behalf of the village. Above a number of these village councils there was a larger panchayat or council to supervise and interfere if necessary.[2] Casteism and feudalistic system of governance under Mughal rule in the medieval period slowly eroded the self-government in villages. A new class of feudal chiefs and revenue collectors emerged between the ruler and the people. And, so began the stagnation and decline of self-government in villages.

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IN BRITISH ADMINISTRATION The Royal Commission on Decentralisation (1907) BEFORE-INDEPENDENCE OF INDIAAFTER-INDEPENDENCE OF INDIA:Committee of G.V.K. RAO 1985.Committee Of L. M. SINGHVI -1986.THE KARNATAKA PANCHAYATRAJ ACT 19931. To examine the socio economic and political development of the villeges. 2. To critically examine the central state government programs for the development of the Villeges 3. To study the income and consumption pattern of the villege area people

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This research aims to study the emotional and psychological complexities of a modern Indian family navigating the tensions of custody battle in Manju Kapur's novel Custody. Set against the backdrop of India's post-liberalization era, the novel examines how societal changes impact relationships within a middle-class family. Shagun, mother of Roohi and Arjun seeking independence and freedom, engages in an extra-marital affair that disrupts her marriage to Raman, while Ishita, the second wife, epitomizes the self-sacrificing ideal of motherhood and wifehood that defines traditional values. Their emotional and legal struggles, particularly in the context of the custody battle over their children, reveal the gendered biases in India's legal system and the psychological toll of marital breakdowns on children. Custody critiques the evolving societal expectations of women, questioning the conflict between personal desires and familial obligations in a rapidly transforming India.

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Custody of Children, Marital discord , Legal and Psychological Complexities

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Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks (MANETs) are decentralized, self-configuring wireless networks that rely on dynamic topologies and collaborative node-to-node communication without fixed infrastructure. While MANETs offer flexibility and ease of deployment, they are highly vulnerable to various security threats due to their open nature, limited resources, and lack of centralized control. Secure routing becomes a critical concern to ensure the reliable transmission of data across the network. This research investigates the core security challenges in MANET routing protocols and analyzes various secure routing mechanisms designed to mitigate attacks such as black hole, wormhole, and Sybil attacks. It provides a comparative study of notable secure routing protocols including SAODV, ARAN, SEAD, and SRP, highlighting their strengths, weaknesses, and performance trade-offs under different threat models. Key security requirements such as authentication, integrity, confidentiality, and availability are discussed in the context of routing strategies. Simulation results (or theoretical analysis, if no simulation is done) demonstrate the effectiveness of these protocols in enhancing MANET security while maintaining acceptable performance metrics. The study further explores potential enhancements and emerging trends aimed at developing more robust and adaptive secure routing solutions for future MANET deployments.

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 Keywords

: Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks (MANETs), Secure Routing, Routing Protocols, Wireless Networks, Network Security, Cryptography, Attack Mitigation, SAODV, ARAN, Black Hole Attack, Wormhole Attack.

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