Volume 6 | Issue 2 |

 Abstract

Abstract- Better power quality is required for various electronics and electrical devices to perform efficiently. Various devices are available for power quality improvement. Different devices are suitable for different power quality disturbances or deviations such as Distribution Static Synchronous Compensator (DSTATCOM), Static VAR Compensator (SVC), Dynamic Voltage Restorer (DVR) and Unified Power Quality Compensator (UPQC) for the improvement of power quality in manufacturing industries. UPQC is the recent versatile device which can correct different power quality disturbances simultaneously such as harmonics, voltage sag, voltage swell, voltage regulation, load unbalancing and power factor improvement in 3-phase distribution system. UPQC is one of the best power device used to compensate both source and load side problems, which is a combination of series Active power filter (APF) and shunt APF. Various control techniques are utilised for proper operation of UPQC such as p-q theory, d-q theory, fuzzy logic control, PI control, hysteresis control etc. This paper presents different control techniques of UPQC.

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Index Terms: Dynamic Voltage Restorer (DVR), Static VAR Compensator (SVC), Unified Power Quality Conditioner (UPQC), Distribution Static Compensator (DSTATCOM), Active Power Filter (APF), p-q theory, d-q theory, fuzzy logic control, PI control, hysteresis control

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Bitcoin Cryptographic Currency Cloud Mining

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Abstract: Mobile Ad Hoc networks are gaining popularity to its peak today, as the users want wireless connectivity irrespective of their geographic position. In Mobile ad hoc networks mobile devices are in movable form so that there can be chances of congestion can be occurred. Therefore congestion is likely to an issue in mobile Ad Hoc network routing. Routing protocols can improve the speed of a network and also improve the performance of network. In this research paper we analyze that which protocol gives the best performance by increasing the queue length. So that if the performance of a network will be good then the congestion chances will be decreases, hence the congestion problem is mostly removed and the performance of network will be good. And the aim of this research paper is to improve the performance of a network, network speed and preventing the network from congestion as well. In this process we will use Network simulator (NS-2) to analyze the simulation results from different perspectives

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Index Terms - MANETs, Mobile Ad Hoc networks, Queue size, Routing Protocols, Network simulator (NS-2)

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ABSTRACT: - The geometry of higher order Finsler spaces was studied by P.L. Antonelli in 1993 and M. Matsumoto in 2003. The theory of higher order Lagrange and Hamilton spaces were discussed by R.Miron and M.Anastasiei in 1994,R.Miron in 2003.Some special problems concerning the L-duality and classes of Finsler spaces were studiedin S.V.Sabau and H. Shimada in 2001.In year 2015 Gauree Shanker and Deepti Choudhary have obtained the L-dual of a special metric.In the continuing the study we obtained the L-dual of a different type special metric.

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Key Words:Finsler space, Carton space, the duality between Finsler and Cartonspaces.

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Abstract : The necessity of high speed clock can be fulfilled in two ways, either a very high frequency clock is directly used or low frequency clock is passed through a clock multiplier to have a high frequency clock. The first method is becomes inadequate when the required speed becomes very high (few gigahertz). The second method might be an alternative for the similar purpose. CMU is used to generate high frequency clock. The DLL based CMU is generally used in the industry to get higher speed clock. At high speed, some of the issues come into the picture strongly to achieve high quality performance. The main constraints appear due to limitations of different building blocks of the DLL. Each different unit has different limitations that affect the overall performances. Phase and frequency detector (PFD) imposes the problem of its resolution. The PFD resolution should be high in order to minimize static phase error that helps in reduction of jitter. It reduction in static phase error increases the closed loop speed. The current mismatch in charge pump is greatly affected due to low resolution of the PFD. Hence we find, high resolution is a stringent requirement to achieve high speed in DLL. Generally PFD is realized by conventional method (D flip flop based) but this project used pre-charge type PFD which offers higher resolution. Actually, PFD is closed loop system so the delay of the circuit becomes an important parameter to determine the speed of the same.

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Index Terms - Circuit, CMU, DLL, Jitter, PFD.

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Abstract: Network forensic deals with the unauthorized invasion identification in a network by recording, capturing and analyzing the network traffic. It is a broader term used to identify and prevent different kinds of network threats and attacks. One such category of network attack is Denial of Service attack (DOS). This paper comprehensively examines the DOS attacks available in various datasets. The DOS attacks such as: Fraggle, smurf, NTP, UDP flood, WinNuke, TCP Syn flood, ICMP flood etc. have been extensively examined. A brief description of tools and techniques used to capture and identify these attacks and accuracy obtained is specified analytically. The authors have also made an attempt to uncover the specifics of the tools used by attackers to launch the aforementioned DOS attacks. Various defense mechanisms have been laid down in order to guard the network against DOS attacks. A framework scenario has been proposed to identify the DOS attack from the legitimate network traffic. The proposed scenario seems to accurately identify the network intrusion to a fair extent.

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ABSTRACT: Wireless sensor network has come into prominence because they hold the potential to revolutionized segment of our economy and life with its wide applications. Unlike a centralized system, a sensor network is formed by large numbers of networked sensing nodes. They are having unique set of resource constraints such as finite onboard battery power and limited network communication bandwidth. Since running real experiments is costly and time consuming, simulation is essential to study Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN). It is rather complex, or even unfeasible, to model analytically a WSN and it usually leads to oversimplified analysis with limited confidence. Therefore, simulation is essential to study WSN.

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Keywords-Sensor network, simulation, tools.

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ABSTRACT: In the present industrial globalization, thermal control or heat removal process from the hot surface (where cooling is essential) is very important issue, because the quality and reliability of the parts and components is dependable on the operating temperature. Now days we are using other methods such as cooling fans, direct water flow over the surfaces in some processes in some industries which are not the effective techniques. Spray cooling processes are known to yield high heat transfer coefficients due to high heat rates associated with latent heat at absorption during liquid vapor phase transition of the spray cooling methods which are employed in current electronics cooling applications. Heat transfer enhancement is one the major parameters required to improve the performance of the thermal system in any industries such as Electronics, Aerospace, Automotive and steel manufacturing. Jet impingement cooling and spray impingement cooling are two of the most effective ways to improve the rate of heat transfer from the hot metal surface spray. Impingement cooling helps to achieve desired cooling rates from the surface by appropriate parametric control during the cooling process. Hence this process finds its use in many cooling application in particular to metal processing industry. Different Industrial applications required high heat removal rate in order to provide efficient cooling for reliable working and its operational life. There are different ways to achieve uniform cooling .1.Microchanel Cooling, 2. Jet impingement cooling, 3. Spray impingement cooling. Out of these three methods Spray cooling have some advantages like low fluid inventory, Compact in size, light weight with few moving components, uniformity of cooling and isothermally. Due to the above mentioned advantages spray finds their use for cooling in number of industrial applications for example: HVAC, Laser guided weapons, Supersonic Flights, Agriculture, Cooling of super computers and many others. In the spray cooling properties under consideration are the different nozzle operating pressure, effect of mass flux, effect of surface enhancement, cooling effect, optimisation of various enhance surface with respect to nozzle diameter fluid properties under consideration and experimental investigations are thermal conductivity of liquid, surface tension of liquid, specific heat of liquid, latent heat of vaporization and lastly Calorimeter design properties are: super heat of heater, surface wet ability surface size, thermal diffusivity of subtract. It can be concluded that parameter which are the most significant parameter and sub significant parameters further used to these parameters to optimize and the considered parameters on heat transfer coefficient (HTC) using impingement spray cooling. To achieve more cooling effect it is very necessary that penetration of working fluid should be high. So to increase the penetration we mix a little amount of surfactant in fluid by which surface tensial property of fluid decreade and good penetration can be obtained.

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At different Nozzle operating pressures

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Abstract: Applications of artificial roughness on the bottom of absorber plate in solar air heater duct have been extensively used to advance heat transfer with moderate increase of friction factor. The design of the roughness profile and arrangement is principal to optimize the roughened surfaces. The roughness parameters and ribs arrangement are responsible to alter the flow structure and heat transfer mechanisms are mainly governed by flow structure. The critical reviews on various artificial roughness elements available in literature have been conducted and the effects of the roughness patterns are discussed. The Nusselt number and friction factor correlations for various roughness elements have been summarized. A comparison study of thermo hydraulic performance of deferent roughness elements has also been reported to understand the results of applications of artificial roughness.

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Keywords: Solar energy, solar air heater (SAH), artificial roughness, Heat transfer enhancement, Thermohydraulic performance

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