Volume 9 | Issue 2 |

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Public sector organisations undergo a procurement process to select a competent consultant and character to carry out the construction work using pre-determined selection criteria or guideline as stated by the public procurement Act 2007. The Act objectives are to provide the best value for money, economy, transparency, accountability and competition among bidder(PPA 2007). However, it must be noted that the Act has not taken into account the transaction costs incurred with participation in the tender processes due to the varied activities undertaken by clients, consultant and contractors. The aim of the study is to assess the effects of procurement governance transaction costs with respect to contracting business and tendering process. A multi-stage stratified random sampling procedure was used in selecting the respondents from construction firms within some selected states of the North-west zone of Nigeria ( sokoto, kaduna and kebbi) that are registered in the bureau of public procurement database of contractors that have participated in any federal government tendering process as respondents of the study. One hundred and thirty five (135) responses were retrieved from various respondents. Using structural equation model (SEM), an analytical tool, using procurement governance and transaction cost as independent variable, with tendering process as intervening variable and contracting business as dependent variable, the result of research shows that transaction cost variable and procurement governance has significant influence toward contracting business, procurement governance variable has indirect influence toward contracting business through tendering process with significance influence. The research recommended that both client and contractors can reduce procurement governance effect by promoting: fairness in the award of contract to the lowest bidder; harmonious relationship between project client and contractor; sound knowledge on construction project procurement by both parties and more attention on how they can improve their bidding strategies based on the procurement governance guidelines.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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contracting business, construction projects, procurement Act 2007,transaction costs, tendering and transaction costs theory.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Despite efforts made over a decade by successive governments in Nigeria to tackle head long the issue of poverty through various wealth creation and poverty alleviation programme, not much seems to have been achieved. This is evident by the growing poverty incidence of the state. Over time studies that aim to investigate the wealth creation capacity of small and medium scale enterprises (SMEs) from the view point of individual business owners (chief executive officers) who are seen as decision makers have become increasingly important as most governments pursue economic policies that can alleviate poverty in their nation. This paper adopts a literary perspective in investigating the effects of entrepreneurial practice on wealth creation in Nigeria. The study revealed that the scourge of poverty, youth restiveness, income inequality, social inequality problems and unemployment are associated to lack or inadequate adoption of entrepreneurial practice in Nigeria. More so, it was found that a symbolic relationship exist between entrepreneurial practice and wealth creation and the researcher seriously advocates for government evolvement of policies and programs that support the enthronement of entrepreneurial culture as a panacea to unemployment, poverty reduction, youths restiveness and wealth creation.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Entrepreneurship, Entrepreneurial practice/culture and wealth creation possibilities.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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ABSTRACT: Medicinal plants are the precious gift of nature which plays vital role in healthcare sector For developing nation and potent source of therapeutic molecules to heal various diseases In the. Amla (Emblica officinalis Gaertn.) is widely used in the Indian system of Medicine and believed to increase defense against diseases. It is a Widely known fact that all parts of amla are useful the treatment of various diseases. Among all, the most important part is fruit Due to their strong antioxidant and biological properties, Emblica officinalis Prevents innumerable health disorder related to oxidative stress, cardiovascular diseases, Neurodegenerative diseases and cancer. Research reports on amla reveals its analgesic, anti-tussive , cardioprotective, cytoprotective , Immunomodulatory, Chemopreventive, antioxidant, memory enhancing, anticancer, antidiabetic and some others properties. In this article, we review The morphology, distribution,nutritional value, chemical constituents, medicinal uses of amla.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Phyllanthus emblica, Amla, Medicinal Herb, Nutritional Value, Chemical Constituents, Medicinal Uses ., Ascorbic Acid, Disorders, Oxidative stress, Pharmacological Property.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The term non-violence is the literal translation of Sanskrit word Ahimsa which is the common message that all the major religious traditions of the world carries. Non-violence is not simply refer to not harming others but actively and peacefully helping others. It is not simply the absence of violence. Non-violence, compassion and love are interwoven and interrelated. Genuine non-violence is not possible without the compassion and loving-kindness according to Buddha.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Avalokite?vara, compassion, theistic, non-theistic, Non-violence,

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Mutual Fund Performance, Investment, Risk-returns, Behavior Factors, Technical Factors, Fundamental Factors, Investor Sentiments, Confidence.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The skin can be used as the site for drug administration for continuous transdermal drug infusion into the systemic circulation. For the continuous diffusion penetration of the drugs through the intact skin surface membrane-moderated systems, matrix dispersion type systems, adhesive diffusion controlled systems and micro reservoir systems have been developed. Various penetration enhancers are used for the drug diffusion through skin. In matrix dispersion type systems, the drug is dispersed in the solvent along with the polymers and solvent allowed to evaporate forming a homogeneous drug-polymer matrix. Matrix type systems were developed in the present study. In the present work, an attempt has been made to develop a matrix-type transdermal therapeutic system comprising of Ondansetron HCL with different concentration of various polymers alone using solvent evaporation technique. The physicochemical compatibility of the drug and the polymers was studied by infrared spectroscopy. The results obtained showed no physical-chemical incompatibility between the drug and the polymers. F5 formulation has been selected as the best formulation among all the other formulations. The in vitro drug diffusion studies from the formulation were found to be sustained release. All the evaluation parameters obtained from the best formulation were found to be satisfactory. The data obtained from the in vitro release studies were fitted to various kinetic models like zero order, first order, Higuchi model and peppas model. From the kinetic data it was found that drug release follows peppas model release by diffusion technique from the polymer.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Transdermal drug delivery, Ondansetron HCL, Eudragit-L100, Eudragit-S100.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Kotahalu Yaagaya, Puberty Ritual, Sinhala Culture, Socialization, Shamans

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Mukatibodh ki kavita andhere me ka vividh paksh

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Mukatibodh ki kavita andhere me ka vividh paksh

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Assam have a rich heritage of saktism, Saivism, Tantrikism and Vaishnavism of Hinduism. The Ahoms who were the dominant political power of Brahmaputra valley in medieval period established their kingdom among the people belonged to these sections of the Hinduism. The rulers, in the course of time, had to follow the religious policies for the greater interest of the indegenous community. Originally, the Ahoms belonged to Tai religion. They did not impose forcefully their religion on the local people. In the course of time. Neo-Vaishvsvism had got a good atmosphere to spread in he state which led the situation the establishment of the Satra institutions. Later on Saktism got the position of stae religion. The religious policies of the ahom kings had a great impact on the social formation of the Brahmaputra valley.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Ahom, Hinduism, Saktism, Neovaishnavism,

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition