Volume 13 | Issue 12 |

 Abstract

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Parkour training, psychomotor abilities, agility, coordination, sports performance, randomized controlled trial

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The problem of child labor is a serious challenge in the backward districts of Banswara, Dungarpur, Pratapgarh, and Udaipur in southern Rajasthan. Poverty, illiteracy, and social inequalities among tribal communities in these areas lead to the employment of children.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Child Labour, Child Labour Prohibition Act, Right to Education, Rehabilitation Policy, Tribal Communities, Administrative Action.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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This paper looks at how the English literature syllabus in Indian universities is still heavily influenced by the country's colonial past. Even today, most courses give more importance to British writers and Western ideas, while Indian and regional voices are often pushed to the side or offered only as optional papers. By studying different university syllabi, this paper shows how the structure of the courses, the choice of texts, and the way students are assessed still follow patterns set during colonial times. Although recent discussions talk about "decolonising" education, real change has been slow because the basic framework of the syllabus has not been updated. This study explains why this colonial burden continues and suggests practical steps universities can take to make the English syllabus more inclusive, balanced, and relevant for Indian students today.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Colonial burden; English syllabus; Indian universities; curriculum design; decolonisation; literature teaching

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The global ascent of Online Dispute Resolution (ODR) promises enhanced efficiency and access to justice but poses profound challenges for governance, ethics, and fairness. This paper contends that the development of regulatory standards and ethical guardrails for ODR is not converging on a universal model but is instead fracturing along distinct philosophical and political lines. Through a comparative policy analysis of the United States, the European Union, China, and India, this study identifies four divergent governance paradigms: the decentralized, market-driven model of the U.S.; the rights-based, regulatory model of the EU; the state-integrated, stability-focused model of China; and the leapfrogging, access-to-justice model of India. The analysis shows that each jurisdiction's legal traditions and policy agendas define basic trade-offs between efficiency and due process, innovation and consumer protection, state control and individual rights, and scalability and inclusivity. The U.S. model prioritizes market innovation at the risk of power imbalances; the EU sets high rights standards while potentially stifling technological adoption; China achieves unprecedented scale through state control, raising transparency and data sovereignty concerns; and India's nascent, inclusive-focused model battles the digital divide. The article finds that fragmentation hinders cross-border dispute resolution and global digital justice. It suggests that future international standards should focus on a flexible framework of minimum core principles like algorithmic accountability, meaningful access, and interoperability that can accommodate different governance philosophies while maintaining fairness. The findings show that ODR governance's future is political and will affect the rule of law in the digital era.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Online Dispute Resolution (ODR), Regulatory Governance, Comparative Law, Access to Justice, Artificial Intelligence, Digital Ethics, United States, European Union, China, India.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Vinca species, especially Vinca minor and Catharanthus roseus, represent medicinally useful plants with a variety of bioactive indole alkaloids, belonging to the family Apocynaceae. Vinca minor contains vincamine, which is a cerebrovasodilatory and neuroprotective alkaloid also in common use for cognitive disorders. On the other hand, Catharanthus roseus produces potent anticancer alkaloids such as vinblastine, vincristine, vinorelbine, and vindesine. These represent a number of pharmacological activities that include cytotoxicity, hypoglycemic, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective effects. Recent phytochemical investigation has shown that environmental conditions seem to play a vital role in the alkaloid composition of Vinca plants; therefore, advanced techniques like chromatography and spectroscopy are needed to isolate and quantify bioactive metabolites. Therapeutic benefits from Vinca alkaloids have led to their current global application in cancerous disorders, hypertension, diabetes, dermatology, malaria, and microbial infections. At the same time, recent studies have highlighted vinflunine, and semisynthetic vincamine analogs possessing improved efficacy and safety. This review will provide an overview of the phytochemistry, pharmacological activities, and clinical significance of Vinca alkaloids, which certainly represent an indispensable natural source in the ongoing development of novel drugs for neuroprotection, oncology, and modern herbal therapies.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Alkaloids, Catharanthus Roseus, Vinblastine, Vincristine, Micropropagation

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The rapid advancements of financial technology (Fintech) have transformed the banking sector by offering faster, more accessible and user-friendly digital banking services. However, new technology often brings some difficulties and challenges. The banking sector also experiences these issues; this research study aims to examine the problems faced by the users in adopting fintech baking services. The study found that, complex and time-consuming registration process, lack of communication, transaction limit, inconvenient security measures, technical issues, high transaction cost, lack of awareness about fintech services are the common problems faced by the respondents in the study area.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Key words: Fintech banking services, Challenges

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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ABSTRACT Background: Eczema is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder marked by erythema, exudation, scaling, lichenification, and pruritus. Conventional therapies provide palliation but not lasting cure. In homoeopathy, skin manifestations are seen as external expressions of internal imbalance, requiring constitutional treatment with the similimum. Frequent repetition of partial similimum remedies may offer temporary relief but risks suppression or aggravation. Case: A 52-year-old female presented with chronic eczema on the posterior ankles for seven years, with itching, burning in the evening, and purulent discharge after scratching. The complaint followed marital discord, leading to grudge toward her husband. Initial prescriptions of Natrum muriaticum, Sulphur, and Natrum sulphuricum produced only transient improvement. On revisiting the case, the mental symptom of "grudge" guided the prescription of Ammonium muriaticum. Intervention & outcome: Ammonium muriaticum 200C was prescribed, resulting in significant improvement: itching subsided, cracks healed, and the patient reported mental relief and overall well-being. Sustained remission was observed in follow-ups. Discussion: This case illustrates the limitations of repeated partial similimum prescriptions, in contrast to the lasting results of the true similimum, correspond with Hahnemann's Organon and Kent's philosophy of cure. Conclusion: case analysis, precise interpretation of rubrics and prescription of the similimum based on the totality of symptoms are essential for lasting cure, whereas reliance on partial similimum only palliates.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Eczema, Homoeopathy, Similimum, Partial Similimum, Cure.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Financial Leverage; Debt-Equity Ratio; Financial Performance; ROA; Two-Way ANOVA; Pearson Correlation; Linear Regression.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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"Cross fit training", "Female Wrestler", "Cardiorespiratory fitness"

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Despite these successes, several challenges hinder the sector's sustainable growth like water quality management, high production costs, market access, etc. The study analyzes the economic viability and constraints of shrimp farming in inland saline water ponds in Sonipat district. Primary data were collected from 28 farmers through structured interviews, and enterprise performance was assessed using cost-return analysis, benefit- cost ratio, break-even analysis, and payback period. The results indicate that shrimp farming yields an average of 3,250.00 kg per acre per season, with gross returns of INR12.84 lakh and net income of INR4.86 lakh per acre. A benefit-cost ratio of 1.61 and a payback period of 1.07 years highlight the strong profitability and rapid recovery of investment. However, the sector faces significant challenges, particularly disease outbreaks, high feed costs, water quality management, labor shortages, and market fluctuations. The findings demonstrate that inland shrimp farming offers a profitable and sustainable alternative to traditional agriculture in saline-affected regions. Policy interventions addressing input costs, disease management, and capacity building are essential to enhance long-term sustainability and farmer resilience.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

inland saline water, Shrimp farming, cost and returns, payback period, BC ratio

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition