Volume 8 | Issue 12 |

 Abstract

Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) which are considered to be the backbone of Indian economy has been worst hit by Covid-19 pandemic. In this lockdown period like some other industries they are not able to carry on their production, cannot pay wages to their labourers and creditors. They are facing an acute problem of lack of financing. Most of the MSME firms are not registered. They do not maintain proper accounts, pay taxes or follow the regulatory norms. Even if Government is taking initiatives to push more liquidity towards the MSMEs it has a limited impact. According to a recent survey it has been found that only 7% of the small and medium firms will be able to survive for more than three months with their cash in hand if their business remains closed. Along with financial crisis another problem of lack of labour availability has been added as the migrant workers are going back to their hometown. This paper focuses on the current status of MSMEs, the problems they are facing and Government initiatives taken to provide them support in order to save their existence. Key words: MSME, Covid 19, financial crisis, labour crisis, government support.

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 Keywords

MSME, Covid-19, Financial crisis, Labour crisis, Government Support

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An old World Bank estimation stated that by 2015 there will be 3 billion youth less than 25 years old and a majority prevailing in India. With such powerful work force in hand India�s growth tend to accelerate only when the employment opportunities are available in the country. With the exponential growth rate, employment challenges are equally approaching to the society and nation as a whole. Fostering entrepreneurs and cultivating the ability of entrepreneurship is a �Call� what time demands. Entrepreneurship hence plays a pivotal role in laying foundations for growth. It is a contributor to employment opportunities, innovation and improvisation of goods and services resulting in competition for betterment. Entrepreneurship not only creates jobs but also help in uplifting the living standards of the society. Sub theme: Innovation and Entrepreneurship We are witnessing Fourth Industrial Revolution which is characterized by �computers and internet� making everything Digital. It�s a phase where gender, age, and family background are no barriers to think new and creative. An entrepreneur with a new idea and technology develops an overall opportunities for employment, production, services and welfares. In a male dominated sector of entrepreneurship we now see women entrepreneurs emerging with brilliant innovative business ideas. Profit is just not the sole motive now. With the emergence of Social and Political Entrepreneurship the society benefits and welfares are also taken into consideration. Therefore, Innovation has an important role to play in the current dynamic era. This paper focuses on Innovation and Entrepreneurship along with Women, Political, Social and Digital Entrepreneurship: Issues and Challenges faced.

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Innovation, Entrepreneurship, Women, Political, Social and Digital Entrepreneurship: Issues and Challenges

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The styryl-4-iodo phenyl chalcones were synthesized by microwave irradiation method and tested for antibacterial effects against various bacterial strains. The synthesized compounds were characterized using UV, IR, 1H & 13C NMR and MS data. The antibacterial screening of the synthesized compounds were performed in vitro by the Bauer-Kirby disc diffusion method.

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 Keywords

4-iodo chalcone, Characterization, Antibacterial activities and well-diffusion method.

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This paper discussed some of the important isses of migrant population indian migrant workers during the covid -19 pandemic have faced with factories and workplaces shutdown due to the lockdown imposed in the country millions of migrant workers had to deal with loss of income, food shortage and uncertainty about thir future thosand of them began to waking back home

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 Keywords

Migrant workers, covid -19 factories, lockdown

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In the traditional medicine therapy system most of the desease has been treated by administraton of phytomedicine such as plant or plant derived product .most of them Neem (AZADIRACHTA INDICA)is very useful traditional phytomedicinal plant in india. Each part of neem plant consisting some medicinal property.it is now considered as valuable source of unique natural products for the development of medicines against various deseases and also for the development of industtial medicinal product .During last five decades ,the chemistry of the neem compound ,considerable progress has been achieved regarding the biological activityand medicinal application of Neem.This review gives a superficial view mainly on the pharmacological and biological activities of Neem and some of their isolated compounds.

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 Keywords

:- Introduction,Taxonomical classification,Botonical description,pharmacological implimentation

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Instagram, one of the most popular social media platforms is used by around 1 billion people worldwide, this shows the extent of its reach and popularity. People are connected by following each other, sharing creative content, communicating, and indulging in relevant dialogues. Content plays a major role to attract like-minded people in order to engage on the content. However, all is not genuine in the digital world. Fake profiles, fake followers, unethical likes, fake comments etc. spam the content, creating a dull digital environment where the emphasis is based on quantity and not quality.

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 Keywords

Influencers, Social Media, Fake followers, Influencer Marketing

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This study has been undertaken to analyze the socio-economic impact of (Micro Units Development and Refinance Agency) MUDRA scheme launched in the year 2015. For the purpose of the study the secondary data available on the official website of the PMMY (Pradhan Mantri MUDRA Yojana) from the year 2015-2019 have been considered. We analyze the data for the loans issued to female borrowers along with the people from backward communities which includes scheduled tribe, scheduled castes and Other backward castes. For economic impact we analyzed the jobs created by the loan taken under MUDRA Scheme. We have also observed the size of the loans taken (Shishu, Tarun and Kishor). In this study we also find out the amount of bad loans under MUDRA scheme.

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MUDRA, PMMY, Loans, Mudra loans, Social impact of Mudra loans, economic impact of mudra loans.

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Great advances had been happening in many parts of India for women in relation to health, education, employment, quality of work life, quality of family life, work life balance and so many over the past decades. However, in some cases activities against women are increasing. Women exempted from decision making in all areas at all levels, the discriminatory laws governing marriage, land, property and inheritance issues are widely prevalent in India. In addition, women empowerment and gender equality has seen many transformations in the past decade, such as addressing HIV/AIDS, trafficking in women and girls, making the new information and communication technologies (ICT) reachable for women to empower them. However, there is still room for improvement in various areas in India. This study measures the working women professional�s empowerment in urban Ernakulam district. Kerala is empowered in critical areas like education, economic opportunity, health and wellbeing, decision making, sexual harassment and abuse and autonomy. The research methodology adopts a descriptive and explanatory empirical design by collecting data from around hundred working professionals in academics and industries in both public and private sector.

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 Keywords

WOMEN EMPOWERMENT,URBAN.

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A study was carried out during 2004- 2019 to analysis of seasonal retail prices of selected food commodities in Colombo district to predict future prices of them by using seasonal index of their prices and Confidence Level (95.0%) of month-to-month price difference. Price increase or decrease than previous month mentioned by considering Confidence Level (95.0%). Samba rice retail price movement was marginally similar to its seasonal forecast trend and retail price decrease in March and increase in September, October, November and December. Kekulu rice retail price movement was marginally similar to its seasonal forecast trend and retail price decrease in March and increase in November and December. Beans retail price movement was moderately similar to its seasonal forecast trend and retail price decrease in March and July and increase in May, October and November. Cabbage retail price movement was moderately similar to its seasonal forecast trend and retail price decrease in February and August and increase in May and June. Brinjal retail price movement was somewhat similar to its seasonal forecast trend and retail price decrease in July and increase in May, October and November. Pumpkins retail price movement was somewhat similar to its seasonal forecast trend and retail price increase in June and November. Red Onion retail price movement was very similar to its seasonal forecast trend and retail price decrease in February, July and August and increase in May, October, November and December. Big Onion retail price movement was moderately similar to its seasonal forecast trend and retail price decrease in January and February and increase in June, August and November. Potatoes retail price movement was very similar to its seasonal forecast trend and retail price decrease in February, August and September and increase in April, May, June and November. Dried Chillies retail price movement was marginally similar to its seasonal forecast trend and retail price increase in June, July, September and October. Kelawalla retail price movement was moderately similar to its seasonal forecast trend and retail price decrease in February and October and increase in April, May and June. Hurulla retail price movement was very similar to its seasonal forecast trend and retail price decrease in August, September and October and increase in January, April, May, June and December. Eggs retail price movement was marginally similar to its seasonal forecast trend and retail price decrease in Ma and increase retail price in December. Coconut retail price movement was moderately similar to its seasonal forecast trend and retail price decrease in June and July and increase in October, November and December.

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 Keywords

Food commodity, Colombo district, Seasonal index, retail prices, price difference, Confidence Level (95.0%).

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After removal of a dental implant or extraction of a tooth in the upper jaw, the closure of an oroantral fistula (OAF) or oroantral communication (OAC) can be a difficult problem confronting the dentist and surgeon working in the oral and maxillofacial region. Oroantral communication (OAC) acts as a pathological pathway for bacteria and can cause infection of the antrum, which further obstructs the healing process as it is an unnatural communication between the oral cavity and the maxillary sinus. There are different ways to perform the surgical closure of the OAC. The decision-making in closure of oroantral communication and fistula is influenced by many factors. Consequently, it requires a combination of knowledge, experience, and information gathering. Previous narrative research has focused on assessments and comparisons of various surgical techniques for the closure of OAC/OAF. Thus, the decision-making process has not yet been described comprehensively. The present study aims to illustrate all the factors that have to be considered in the management of OACs and OAFs that determine optimal treatment.

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 Keywords

Oroantral, Fistula, Flaps, Grafts, Maxillary sinus, Complication management, Oral surgery, Decision, Oroantral communication

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