Volume 10 | Issue 11 |

 Abstract

Switra is defined as a skin disorder of skin which brings about the white coloured patches on the body the occurrence of the lesions of body is not restricted to a particular area, it may occur randomly anywhere. In the modern system of medicine the disease is compared with vitiligo. It is a skin disease causing a localized loss of pigmentation in which patient develops white spots in the skin which vary in size and location. The spots occur when pigment cells, or melanocytes are destroyed and the pigment melanin can no longer be produced. In this concern Ayurvedic treatment through holistic approach promises to the patients appearance and restore the normal pigmentation of this skin. Switrari rasa and lepa selected have internal and external applications respectively as thus contents of the yogas are quite economic. Hence the present study evaluation of the efficacy of Switrari rasa and lepa is under taken. Switrarirasa is a kharaliya rasayana and is a Sagni, Sagandha, Murchana of Parada. Rasoushadhis with various elements along with Kajjali is proved more effective than herbal formulations in lesser dosage. Switrari rasa and lepa are unique herbo mineral combination of drugs to treat switra. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy of switrari rasa and Switra lepa on Switra. Therapeutic efficacy of Switrari rasa and lepa was evaluated in single blind clinical trial on 30 selected cases of switra. Result showed highly significant by students paired t test. Overall response to the treatment was found to be well (60%) out of 30 patients under trial.

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 Keywords

Switra, Switrari rasa, Switra Lepa, Vitiligo

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 Abstract

In a welfare state, the government takes primary responsibility for the welfare of its citizens as in matter of health care, education, employment, infrastructure, social security and other development needs. To facilitate these, government needs revenue. The taxation is the primary source of revenue to the government for incurring such public welfare expenditure. In other words, government is taking tax from public through its one hand and through another hand; it incurs welfare expenditure for public at large. However no one enjoys handing over his hard-earned money to the government to pay taxes. Thus taxes are compulsory or enforced contribution to the government revenue by public government may levy taxes on income, business profits or wealth or add it to the cost of some goods, services and transactions. There are some of unlawful and unacceptable practices which reduce the revenue collection for government followed by the tax payer's like tax evasion and avoidance. This paper focus on concept of tax evasion, reason for tax evasion, different ways of tax evasion and impact on Indian economy.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Tax, evasion, Economic growth, tax payer

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

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Key Words: revolution; urbanization; development; witnessed; estimated; settlement; civilization; metropolitan; industrial; ancient; invention; technology.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Agriculture is considered as primary livelihood in India . It is considered as primary sector is Indian economy. Size of agriculture sector is very vast in India. The most prominent issue faced in this sector is lack of accuracy to predict the suitable crop that can grow in available soil fertility , fertilizer that can prove to be beneficial for that crop yield as well as lack of knowledge about crop disease and reason behind it. This paper deals with optimized detection of crop type , fertilizer and as well as crop disease using Machine Learning techniques. Several machine learning algorithms can be used for recommendation and prediction. This system can turn out to be very useful in precision farming.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Harvesting , Machine Learning , Crop Recommendation , Fertilizaer Recommendation , Disease Prediction.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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 Keywords

: Eka Kushta, Psoriasis, Virechana, Aragwadhadi Lehya, Aragwadhadi Gana Utsadana.

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According to Sushruta, Raktamokshan (Blood-letting) is beneficial in case of intense pain and redness arising in the oedematous wound. Those people who keep giving Raktamokshan (Blood-letting) from time to time, never get skin defects, leprosy, goitre, dyspepsia, mumps, gland disease, Oedema etc. Many diseases arise due to inflammation, there is constant excess of blood in the inflamed area. Due to the removal of deformities by removing blood, there is a law to conduct blood transfusion in these diseases.

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 Keywords

Raktamokshan, bloodletting, Siravyadha, venesection

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Sanga literature was not composed with the aim of recording history, but the Sangha poets recorded references to the neighboring countries and the connections of Palantamizhar by mentioning the neighboring peoples who were in contact with ancient Tamil Nadu. Similarities between Tamil Nadu and the Ganga plains, Patna, Egypt, Rome and Southeast Asian countries such as Indonesia, Java, Sumatra, Philippines etc., ancient coins and inscriptions confirm the messages mentioned in the Sangha literature. The ancients knew many countries of the world three thousand years ago. This theory examines in detail the neighboring countries, the cities and the reasons for their relationship with those countries, and the status of those countries.

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 Keywords

Neighboring Countries, Relationship, Sale, business, sold goods, and bought what they needed.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Graphene and graphene-based materials have recently gained enormous importance in biological domain besides its multifarious applications in other domains like electronics, robotics, material science, sensing etc. The extraordinary physicochemical properties possessed by this wonderful nanomaterial have paved the road to find its utilities in biological field. Moreover, the sudden COVID-19 pandemic caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has immensely widened the research on graphene and graphene-based materials. This short review presents the potentials of graphene and graphene-based materials that can play a vital role to combat against the current COVID-19 and future pandemics. In this regard application of graphene and graphene-based materials as bio-sensors, wearable devices, PPEs and face masks, antiviral surfaces and coatings, filters and membranes, 3D printing etc are briefly discussed. Further the limitations of these materials are pointed out.

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Graphene, graphene-based materials, COVID-19 pandemic.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Boost Converter, Multiple Output, Gain, Efficiency

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Menstruation hygiene and knowledge

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition