Volume 10 | Issue 11 |

 Abstract

Incompatibility is defined as a change resulting and an undesirable product is formed, which may affect the safety, efficacy, appearance and stability of the pharmaceutical product. Pharmaceutical incompatibility is a combination of ingredients in which, because of the interaction of medicinal substances between themselves or with excipients, their physical and chemical properties change and thus the stability and effect of the medicine. It is of three types. It includes physical, chemical and therapeutic incompatibilities. The below described article gives the detailed information about the types, causes and how to overcome these types of incompatibilities. The given information of the problem of pharmaceutical incompatibilities, in our opinion, will increase the professional knowledge of pharmacists about the physical phenomena and chemical interactions that may occur in dosage forms, types of pharmacological incompatibilities and will guide them in practical activities in preparation of extemporaneous medicines in different dosage forms.

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 Keywords

Incompatibility, overcome, medicines

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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In medical image processing (MIP), brain tumour segmentation (BTS) is an important task; the early diagnosis of brain tumours (BTs) plays an important role in improving therapeutic options and increasing the patient's survival rate. BTs for cancer diagnosis can be segmented manually from large amounts of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data, but this is a complex and time-consuming process. An automatic and effective BTS system is therefore required. Nevertheless, tumour detection remains a challenging task for researchers as the tumour has complex appearance and boundary features. This paper seeks to explain BT, its forms and various methods of brain tumour identification and segmentation. The aim of this survey paper is to present different automated brain MRI BTS methods. The current brain tumour detection (BTD) and brain MRI segmentation techniques are explored in this paper.

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Brain tumor, ANN, MRI, CNN, machine learning, VGG

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Placental Previa is a complication which occurs during the pregnancy. In this condition the placenta covers the opening of the cervix. This is frequently associated with severe Obstetric Hemorrhage. A 35 year old female patient was admitted in Obstetrics and gynecology ward of KIMS for safe confinement as she had been diagnosed with placenta Previa. She had spontaneous conception and history of missed abortion and preterm vaginal birth. Her placenta was posterior and upper segment extending up to internal OS. Later placenta extended into LUS as the pregnancy progressed. The management here included C- section [lcscs] with Foley bulb induction which is a safe and effective way to induce labor during pregnancy. The Foley bulb is being filled with saline [100ml]. the hemorrhage was prevented by giving misoprostol , so the hemorrhage was not observed . The patient was discharged in stable condition with prescribed antibiotics and baby was also safe.

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 Keywords

Placental Previa, LUS, Internal OS, Hemorrhage

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Sporting ,Athelete, Micro&Macro nutrients ,Endurance and Nutrition.

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The system of the ranking of global universities was started to assess the performances of universities based on certain indicators. These rankings help in evaluating complex information using a variety of factors. This paper tries to evaluate three of the widely known global university ranking systems and Indian university ranking systems in a bid to identify the similarities and the dissimilarities on account of the methods adopted, criteria, global outlook, research, and weight using publicly available information. The impacts of these rankings on the stakeholders have also been assessed. The system of ranking global and Indian universities focusses more on aspects of research and less on the environment relating to teaching and learning. This study also proposes a comprehensive guideline that will improve the system of ranking. For any modern society, it is crucial that universities modernise and aid industries and business houses in areas of consulting and innovation.

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ranking, performance, universities, global, Indian, higher education

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Transdermal drug delivery system (TDDS) utilizes the skin as executable route for drug administration but the foremost barrier against drug permeability is the stratum corneum and therefore, it limits therapeutic bioavailability of the bioactive. To improve characters transdermal drug delivery system (TDDS) was emerged which will improve the therapeutic efficacy and safety of drugs by more precise (i.e. site specific) placement within the body. Transdermal drug delivery system (TDDS) are topically administered medicaments in the form of patches that deliver drugs for systemic effects at a predetermined and controlled rate. Skin is an effective medium from which absorption of the drug takes place and enters into systematic circulation over a period of time. This review emphasizes a new era of delivery of drug and serves as an enlightening tool for the visionaries working in the concerned area.

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Transdermal route, patch, adhesives, penetration pathway.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Abstract- The goal of this review article is to explore the usage of a range of image processing technologies in order to provide an automated diagnosis of glaucoma. Glaucoma is a neurological disease that affects the optic nerve. If left untreated, it may cause a person to gradually lose part or all of their vision. It is true that a considerable percentage of people in the world's rural and semi-urban areas suffer from eye issues; nevertheless, this is also the case in all other locations. The diagnosis of retinal illnesses is now almost exclusively accomplished by the processing of images obtained through the study of photographs of the fundus of the retina. Some of the fundamental image processing techniques for diagnosing eye diseases include image registration, picture fusion, image segmentation, feature extraction, image enhancement, morphology, pattern matching, image classification, analysis, and statistical measurements

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Image Registration; Fusion; Segmentation; Statistical measures; Morphological operation; Classification.

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Decision-making is a complex issue due to vague, imprecise, and indeterminate environment particularly when attributes are more than one and further bifurcated. Hypersoft set have gained more importance as a generalization of soft sets. Neutrosophic soft set environment cannot be used to tackle such type of issues. To solve such types of problems, the concept of Neutrosophic Hypersoft set is introduced. In this paper, the primary focus includes the analytical study of some common operators for PNHSM has been developed. Finally, Decision-making issues have been presented by establishing a new algorithm based on a score function and also it has been examined with the help of numerical example for the recruitment of teachers for government postings. The validity and implementation of definitions are verified by presenting suitable example. Using (PNHSMs) method to solve real-world problems such as decision makings like the selection of teachers, Personal Selection, Office administration and many other problems can be solved.

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MCDM, Uncertainity, Soft set, Neutrosophic soft set, Hypersoft set, Neutrosophic hypersoft set, Pythagorean Neutrosophic Hypersoft Set, Pythagorean Neutrosophic hypersoft matrices.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Panchayat Raj Institutions, local self-government, decentralization, local authorities.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Upper cross syndrome (UCS) is a frequent postural dysfunctional pattern in which the musculature of the shoulder girdle/cervicothoracic region of the body has a dysfunctional tone. UCS refers to a distinct altered muscle activation pattern, as well as changed movement patterns and postural abnormalities, according to Vladimir Janda. The term "rounded shoulders" is frequently used to characterize the upper crossing syndrome's rounded forward shoulder girdle and arm position. The levator scapulae, pectoralis major, and upper trapezius have tightness, excessive facilitation, and over excitation, whereas the serratus anterior, deep neck flexors, notably the scalene, middle trapezius, lower trapezius, and rhomboids, have weakness, inhibition, and suppression. Upper cross syndrome is characterised by a forward head position, thoracic spine hunching, lifted and protracted shoulders, scapular winging, and limited thoracic spine mobility. Muscle imbalances, discomfort, and reduced range of motion result from these aberrant postural variations, which cause stress on muscles and articulating surfaces. The craniocervical, cervico-thoracic, and gleno-humeral joints, as well as the C4-C5 and T4-T5 segments, are commonly impacted joints. This ailment is given the term "cross" because a "X" (a cross) can be drawn across the upper torso. Muscle imbalance between tonic and phasic muscle is the most common cause of this condition.

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 Keywords

Upper Cross Syndrome, Neck Disability Index Questionnaire, Numerical Pain Rating Scale, Surgimap Spine Software, Craniovertebral Angle, Forward Head Posture.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition