Volume 13 | Issue 11 |

 Abstract

Melasma, a common pigmentary disorder poses therapeutic challenges due to its chronic nature and recurrence. Ayurvedic medicine offers a unique perspective with herbs like Rubia cordifolia (Manjistha), which possess varnya and depigmentary properties. In this case study, an external application of lepa of Manjistha (Rubia cordifolia) which is rich in anthraquinone compounds like purpurin, alizarin, and rubiadin mixed with Madhu (honey) was applied to a 52-year-old female patient with chronic melasma. These anthraquinones provide tyrosinase inhibition and antioxidant effects, reducing melanin synthesis. Result- After 2 months of daily application alongside lifestyle recommendations (pathya-apathya), significant depigmentation was observed without side effects. This integrated Ayurvedic-modern approach supports Manjistha's potential as a safe and effective treatment for melasma.

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 Keywords

Vyanga, Melasma, Manjistha, Anthraquinones, Tyrosinase inhibition, Madhu

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Nanosponges are an emerging class of nanoscale, porous, three-dimensional structures capable of encapsulating, protecting, and delivering a wide variety of therapeutic agents. Their unique architecture, high surface area, tunable porosity, and ability to control drug release make them highly promising in modern pharmaceutical formulations. Nanosponges can be broadly classified into three major categories: composition-based, structure-based, and functionality-based systems. Composition- based nanosponges include polymeric, cyclodextrin, silicon-based, and carbonate nanosponges, each offering distinct biodegradability and compatibility profiles. Structure-based nanosponges differ in morphology, porous, hollow, and cage-like frameworks designed to enhance loading efficiency and sustained release. Functionality-based nanosponges incorporate stimuli-responsive, targeted, and surface-modified systems that enable precise, controlled, and site-specific drug delivery. These classifications provide a comprehensive understanding of nanosponge design, facilitating their application in drug delivery, diagnostics, biomedical engineering, cosmetics, and environmental remediation. Overall, nanosponges represent a versatile platform with vast potential to improve therapeutic outcomes through enhanced stability, solubility, and controlled drug release.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Nanosponges, Cyclodextrin nanosponges, Drug delivery systems.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The health of the old has long been a concern in many nations, and our research has focused heavily on measures to improve the quality of life for the elderly. In order to give evidence for disease recovery, this study was carried out to learn more about the reality of social support and pain, self-perceived load, and kinesiophbia in senior patients with osteoarthritis of the knee.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Introduction ,kinesiophobia, self perceived burden, total knee replacement ,osteoartritis

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Needle Stick Injuries, Healthcare Workers, Occupational Hazard, Knowledge Assessment, NSI Prevalence, Blood-Borne Infections, Safety Practices, Post-Exposure Prophylaxis, Reporting System.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Blockchain technology represents a decentralized method of recording and verifying data across a distributed network. Instead of relying on a central authority, blockchain systems use algorithmic consensus to validate transactions and prevent unauthorized modifications.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Blockchain, Distributed Ledger, Consensus Algorithms, Cryptography, Proof of Work, Proof of Stake, Decentralization, Nodes, Digital Signatures, Merkle Tree.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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India, experiencing one of the world's most rapid strides of urbanisation, launched the Smart Cities Mission (SCM) in June 2015. Envisioned as a flagship urban renewal and retrofitting program, its ambitious goal was to promote cities that provide core infrastructure, a decent quality of life to citizens, a clean and sustainable environment, and the application of 'Smart' Solutions. The Mission selected 100 cities through a competitive "Smart City Challenge," committing a substantial outlay to transform them into models of compact, inclusive, and sustainable development. The core strategy revolved around two components: Area-Based Development (ABD)--focused on retrofitting, redevelopment, or greenfield development in a specific area--and Pan-City Solutions--implementing smart technology across the entire city, often through integrated command and control centres (ICCCs). As the Mission approaches its extended deadline (June 2024), a comprehensive, critical appraisal is vital. This publication seeks to move beyond the project completion statistics and critically examine the SCM's impact on governance, finance, equity, and the fundamental question of whether it has truly fostered an inclusive and resilient urban future for all Indian citizens. This analysis draws upon the latest progress reports, parliamentary evaluations, and academic critiques to present a balanced yet rigorous assessment.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Green field, Gentrification, Area Based Development,SPV, AMRUT,Non Revenue water,Geographical Divide.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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This research paper examines the interrelationship between voter behaviour, political campaigning, and caste mobilisation in democratic systems, with a primary focus on India. It evaluates how caste identities shape political preferences, how political parties deploy strategies to mobilise caste groups, and how evolving socio-economic conditions transform caste-based voting patterns. Drawing upon theories of political behaviour, identity politics, and social stratification, the paper highlights the continued relevance of caste in elections, even amid rising urbanisation, digital campaigning, and issue-based politics. The paper concludes by identifying emerging trends, including new forms of caste-neutral mobilisation, data-driven micro-targeting, and the reconfiguration of caste coalitions

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Voting Behaviour, Social Media, Political Campaigning and Social Stratification

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The Indian Knowledge System (IKS) is a vast repository of knowledge developed over thousands of years, rooted in ancient texts like the Vedas, Upanishads, and Puranas. It covers philosophy, science, mathematics, and medicine with a holistic approach that integrates mind, body, and spirit. Aryabhata was a prominent Indian mathematician and astronomer who is the Father of Indian Mathematics. He is a well known all around the world for his elegant pieces of work, legacy and inventions in these fields. He was the first mathematician and astronomer from the classical period of Indian mathematics and astronomy. His pieces of work include the Aryabhatiya (c. 499), the main surviving Scripture from Aryabhata's classical pieces of work which is scripted in 118 verses describing Hindu Mathematics up to that time. The place Kusumapura is situated near Patalipurta (Patna), the capital of the Gupta dynasty, where he wrote these two pieces of treatises. It studies subjects such as plane and spherical trigonometry, quadratic equations, arithmetic and algebra. Aryabhata's work also includes his notions of cosine, sine and inverse sine, which forms the foundation of trigonometry. He was also the first mathematician to obtain the calculation based on sine and versine tables from 0 to 180 degrees with four decimal places of precision. Today, IKS represents a dynamic blend of traditional wisdom and modern scientific advancements, contributing significantly to science, technology, medicine, mathematics, literature, and philosophy.

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 Keywords

IKS, Ganita, Aryabhata, Algebra, Indeterminate equations, Solar system, Zero (0), Pi (?)

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Accurate rainfall prediction is crucial for effective disaster preparedness and resource management. This study explores the application of machine learning techniques to predict rainfall using historical meteorological data. We employ various algorithms, including Naive Bayes, Support Vector Machines (SVM), Decision Trees, Logistic Regression, Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), Random Forest, Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), and Artificial Neural Networks (ANN). The dataset, sourced from Kaggle, includes features such as temperature, humidity, wind speed, and atmospheric pressure. Preprocessing steps, including handling missing data, feature selection, and data normalization, are applied to enhance model performance. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of machine learning in improving rainfall prediction accuracy, with implications for better disaster management and agricultural planning.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Naive Bayes, Decision Trees, SVM, Logistic Regression, ANN, and LSTM enhance rainfall prediction through machine learning.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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: In the contemporary digital marketplace, influencer marketing has become a cornerstone of brand strategy, yet it introduces significant vulnerabilities when influencers are involved in public controversies. This research analyzes the impact of such controversies on brand endorsement decision-making, consumer perception, and the efficacy of subsequent brand-led crisis response strategies. Using a quantitative, quasi-experimental, scenario-based survey design, the study employs descriptive statistics, Chi-Square tests, T-Tests, ANOVA, and regression analysis to compare consumer attitudes across experimental groups. It is hypothesized that influencer controversies (H??) will have a significant negative impact on consumer trust and brand perception, and further, that the strategic response adopted by a brand post-controversy (H??) will have a significant effect on mitigating this damage and recovering consumer loyalty. While much research focuses on influencer authenticity, this paper's originality lies in its structured analysis of the post-controversy phase from a brand's crisis management perspective, offering empirically-driven insights for managing the inherent vulnerabilities of influencer endorsements.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Influencer Marketing, Brand Endorsement, Influencer Controversy, Crisis Management, Situational Crisis Communication Theory (SCCT), Consumer Trust, Brand Perception

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition