Volume 12 | Issue 10 |

 Abstract

This manuscript explores the cutting-edge applications of smart polymers in pharmaceutical sciences, specifically in novel drug delivery systems. Inspired by nature's adaptability, these intelligent materials respond to minute external stimuli, exhibiting non-linear changes in structure and properties. Smart polymers enhance drug targeting, bioavailability, patient compliance, and gene therapy. Characterized by their stimuli-responsive behaviour, these materials undergo significant transformations, ranging from swelling/contraction to disintegration, in response to various physical, chemical, and biological cues, including Temperature, Electric/magnetic fields, Deformation, pH Enzymes. This review provides a comprehensive overview of recent advancements in smart materials, highlighting their performance mechanisms, working principles, and diverse applications. The study concludes by addressing existing challenges and outlining future opportunities in the development of intelligent materials for pharmaceutical applications.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Smart Polymers, Stimuli-Responsive Polymers, Biomedical Applications ,Drugs Delivery Systems, Biosensors, pH-Responsive Polymers, Shape Memory Materials, Controlled Release, Therapeutic Windows, Hydrogels.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Atisara is a Purishavaha srotogata vikara, with Ati pravrutti (excessive flow) of Purisha (Stools) as the main symptom. Vitiation of both Saririka (Physical) and Manasika (Mental) doshas along with the external factors contribute to the manifestation of this Vyadhi (Diseases). The present case report of a 27 years old female patient, who presented with the symptoms like loose stools associated with pain, along with few other symptoms, which are similar to that of Vataja atisara, caused due to the intake of incompatible food along with other factors, and an effective management was achieved through Ayurvedic interventions like Dadimastak churna and Mustakarista.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Atisara, Mustakarista, Dadimastakachurna

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Background: Maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) is a hypercatabolic state in patients with chronic kidney disease leading to lean muscle loss and malnutrition, most of the guidelines for nutrition in chronic kidney disease with hemodialysis recommends 1.2 to 2 grams protein supplementation per kilograms of body weight. Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) undergoing maintenance hemodialysis develops malnutrition involving protein catabolism, secondary insulin resistance, inflammation and increased serum leptin levels. Global prevalence of malnutrition in CKD patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis is 28-54% facing a greater risk of mortality. Aims & Objectives: This study is an attempt to find out the gap between recommended protein intake by ESPEN and KDOQI guidelines, and the actual protein intake among renal failure patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis (MHD). Method: A total of 30 renal failure patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis, twice or thrice in a week were selected through purposive sampling, voluntary participation with documented consent form was taken, non - invasive painless method was used, i.e. anthropometry, 24 hours dietary recall method, food frequency record method, house hold measures were used to calculate portion size and IFCT 2017 by National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad was used to calculate dietary protein intake, National Kidney Foundation; KDOQI, ESPEN, guidelines were used to compare the gross protein intake. Biochemical reports were used as secondary data. Obtained data was statistically analyzed using SPSS, descriptive statistics, one-way ANOVA and t- test were used. Results: Total 09 females and 21 males were undergoing MHD, the lowest number of subjects recorded as 13.33 falling in age group of 20-30 and 70-80 for both the genders respectively. The average age of the study group is 54 years, the average height of the study group is 166 cms, dry weight and BMI is 57.65 kgs. and 20.81 kg/m2 respectively. 70% of study population is male. The average nPCR (protein intake measure) is 0.45 gms. The average DMS (Dialysis Malnutrition Score) recorded was 20.7. 70% of patients were having diabetes and 100% subjects were having hypertension as comorbidities. Conclusion: The average protein intake of CKD patients undergoing MHD is significantly lower as compared to the expected protein intake calculated as per guidelines.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

CKD, MHD, KDOQI, ESPEN, PROTEIN GAP, DMS

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVES: ? To assess knowledge on MCD among mothers of under five children. ? To find out the association between knowledge on Milk and Cookie Disease with selected demographic variables. ? To prepare a self-instructional module on milk and cookies disease. METHODOLOGY: The present study aimed to measure the knowledge on Milk and Cookie Disease among mothers of underfive children attending OPD clinic. The present study was done using a semi-structured questionnaire containing series of questions in self-report form designed by the researchers to elicit information. The questions were arranged in such a manner that it was easily understood by the participants and there was no violation of ethical conduct. The questionnaire was distributed among the mothers and were given a pen for marking the answers of their choice. Later the mothers were given mass awareness on Milk and Cookie Disease and distributed a self-instructional module that contained a detailed description of the disease like its definition, etiology and risk factors, pathophysiology and prevention. RESULTS: The findings of study regarding knowledge on Milk and Cookie Disease among mothers of under five children attending OPD clinic revealed that ? 15.3% were in the age group of 0 - 1 year, 19.30% were in the age group of 1 - 2 years, 39.30% were in the age group of 2 - 3 years, 12.00 % were in the age group of 3 - 4 years and 14.00% were in the age group of 4 - 5 years. ? 71.30% belongs to nuclear family ? 31.30% of fathers were having primary education ? 34.00% of mothers were illiterate ? 34.70% fathers were self-employed ? 64.70% mothers were home makers ? 39.30% families were having an annual income of 20,000 - 30,000. ? 48.00% families were having a total of 3 people in their house ? 40.70% of mothers belongs to urban area ? 62.00% of mothers had heard about Milk and Cookies Disease ? 39.80% of mothers heard about Milk and Cookies Disease through mass media ? Among the participants 26.70% had inadequate knowledge, 45.30% had moderate knowledge and 28.00% had adequate knowledge about Milk and Cookies Disease. ? There is significant association between age of child, education of father, education of mother, occupation of father, annual income of family, place of residence and occupation of mother, ever participated to assess the knowledge on milk and cookies disease. CONCLUSIONS: Assessment of knowledge on MCD among mothers will be a key to identify their deficits, promote their knowledge and practices there by may participate in health promoting behaviour. Self-instructional module will be useful for future references.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Assess, knowledge, Self-instructional, Milk and cookie disease

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

ANOVA, family background, purchase intention, self-driving cars, T-test

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Premchand Aur Dalit Vimarsh : Ek Samiksha

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Premchand Aur Dalit Vimarsh : Ek Samiksha

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Among the powerful and effective social legacies of ancient karnataka, political legacies are the most important. It was under the control of this energy that the society and religious, social and economic forces of that time worked. Thus the references to bilagi taluk having a bright political heritage from ancient times are evident through the inscriptions in that environment. The political power achieved by royal families and dandanayak , amatyas who established political dominance over this region can be identified through the inscriptions.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Heritage, Regional, Political, Inscription, Dandanayak, Mahamatya, Mahasamanta, Mahaprabhu, Sammat.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Happiness economics is the formal study of the relationship between individual satisfaction and economic issues. It considers subjective happiness related measures as well as more objective quality of life indices. Proponents of happiness economics suggest that once basic needs are met, government policy should focus not on economic growth or GDP, but rather on increasing life satisfaction or gross national happiness. According to them money power and a developed country do not necessarily mean a happy and contended society.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Happiness economics, Per capita Income, Well-being, Satisfaction

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Les anévrismes ventriculaires sont des excroissances de la paroi ventriculaire, souvent consécutives à un infarctus du myocarde (IDM). Les anévrismes ventriculaires gauches apparaissent dans 2 à 15 % des cas d’IDM, avec une survie à 5 ans variant entre 10 et 25 %. Les principales conséquences cliniques incluent :

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Anévrisme ventriculaire gauche et communication interventriculaire compliquant un infarctus du myocarde

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

A unique property of the human "bio-field" has been discovered during examining several videos on different websites where people have uploaded videos showing some mysterious events. These videos are showing ghost-like shadows following the walking persons. Some videos are showing human-like shadow images walking alone. There are videos showing ghost-like images coming out from closed doors. In the absence of any scientific answer to such mysterious recordings people are found to believe them as images of ghosts or the results of some glitches in the cameras. The owners of such videos are mostly telling that their videos have captured images of real ghosts. Some video owners have left it to the people to decide and comment. A minute study of some videos was done to find out any logical truth. It was found that these videos are showing some unknown property of human "bio-field". It is a new discovery of science that will help us understand many mysterious paranormal events based on scientific principles. It is discovered that these ghost images are formed by human bio-fields.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Human biofield, Unique property, Mysterious events, Ghost, Ghost shadows, Scientific answer, Images of ghosts, Paranormal events, New discovery, Retina, Brain, Rays, After death

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition