Volume 8 | Issue 10 |

 Abstract

Agriculture is the most vulnerable section in India for many reasons like degraded farmland, increase in the urbanization, inadequate use of manures and fertilizer, old systems and techniques of farming. To increase the productivity in agriculture there is a need of modern irrigation system. Image processing is a robust technique and its employment in the field of agriculture demonstrate a useful contribution.. In this work the plant images were taken as a input source for growth analysis. A GUI has made using the MATLAB for the same purpose. Here lettuce plants were considered for observation in specific, because of their fast growing feature. Images of fifteen different lettuce plants were taken for a period of ten days. The analysis was based on day-to-day increase in the pixel percentage. The system was able to identify good and low growth.

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Plant growth analysis, Image processing, Connected component analysis, GUI, Pixel percentage.

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Birds are always attracted to nutritive rich reservoirs for feeding, breeding and nesting activities. The avifaunal diversity of sawargaon Kanhoba Lake, washim, Maharashtra was studied for a period of one year from janvary 2008 to 2009 December. These water bodies are wonderful and natural habitats acting as potential foraging grounds for a variety of resident and migatory birds. Observations take place daily in morning. In this observation total 63

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birds, nutritive, habitats, migatory, sawargaon kanhoba

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BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: High alert medications are Narrow therapeutic index drugs where a minute change in dose or blood concentration results in sub therapeutic, toxic effects or therapeutic failure. Thus, a strict monitoring is needed. Our study focused on the influence of P-glycoprotein transport system on high alert medications and its associated risks on subjects, preventing and managing of adverse drug events and its resulting morbidity rate. METHODS: After granting the protocol by the ethical committee, data was collected from the patient�s case sheet, drug-drug interactions and its adverse events in patients were observed, finally the documentation and its reporting were done. RESULTS: Based on the results of the study, it was found that each subject�s prescription is subjected to a minimum of 30% and maximum of 80% of drug interactions resulting in therapeutic inefficacy /toxicities of high alert medications under the influence of P- glycoprotein transport system (inhibitors/ inducers). Thus, to prevent drug adverse events and for effective management, 47% of DI needs monitoring, 12% of DI needs dose adjustment, 11% of DI needs drug replacement and for 8% of DI management involves avoiding of concomitant administration. The observed morbidity rate was found to be 91.6 per 1000 and possible morbidity rate was found to be 833.3 per 1000. The incidence rate of adverse effects due to drug interaction was found to be 22.9 per 100. Prevalence rate of adverse effects due to drug interaction was found to be 49.16 per 100. The order of high alert medications being altered (high to low) are ANTIARRYTHMICS >ADRENERGIC ANTAGONIST > INOTROPIC AGENTS > ANTIPLATELETS > ANTIBIOTICS AND ANTI FUNGALS > IMMUNOSUPPRESANTS > NEUROMUSCULAR BLOCKING AGENTS INTERPRETATION AND CONCLUSION: About 83% of the subject�s prescription needs modification. To improve the quality of life and to decrease morbidity rate, prescription auditing and also monitoring of drugs that alters the metabolism, distribution (Vd), Cmax, elimination and drug activation of high alert medications is required.

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High alert medications, Therapeutic drug monitoring, pharmacokinetics, drug interactions

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Introduction Rural development has traditionally centered on the developing of land related natural resources such as farming agriculture ,animal husbandry , Dairy , silk farming and forestry. However changes in global production networks and increased worldwide in every small village have changed the character of rural areas. By Increasing small scale industries and reproducing new things have replaced resource and agriculture as dominant economic drivers. The need for rural societies to approach development from a wider view has created more focus on a broad range of development goals rather than merely creating incentive based work for agricultural or resource based businesses.Farming Education, entrepreneurship, physical infrastructure, and social infrastructure all play an important role in developing rural regions. Eg.Warna Nagar .Warna Pvt Limited , Amul industries Chakan. Indian Oil Pvt. Limited .Near Alandi . these industries is also characterized by its emphasis on locally produced economic development strategies. In contrast to urban regions, which have many similarities, rural areas are highly distinctive from one another. For this reason there are a large variety of rural development approaches used globally Rural development is a comprehensive term. It essentially focuses on action for the development of areas that are lagging behind in the overall development of the village economy. There are many areas which are challenging and need fresh initiatives for development in rural India.Now a days there are multiple development programs are arranged for rural development programs Like self help groups, APCM , NABARD, IDBI, as well as many central scheme like as follows started by Ministry of rural development. DDU-GKY Key features of DDU-GKY DU-GKY is mindful that it must engage the support of multiple partners to ensure success and maximize on the investment made in time and resources. In order to energize and build mass support as well as create awareness amongst the rural youth, The DDU-GKY projects are market linked and implemented in PPP mode. The involvement and partnership between civil society organizations, Educational institutions, apex skill partners and regulating organizations, the Government and Private organizations, ensures that DDU-GKY can leverage on the strengths of all and achieve transformative change. DAY-NRLM [ DEENDAYAL ANTYODAYA YOJANA � NRLM ] Aajeevika - National Rural Livelihoods Mission (NRLM) was launched by the Ministry of Rural Development (MORD), Government of India in June 2011. Aided in part through investment support by the World Bank, the Mission aims at creating efficient and effective institutional platforms of the rural poor, enabling them to increase household income through sustainable livelihood work and improved access to financial services. NRLM set out with an agenda to cover 7 Crore rural poor households, across 600 districts, 6000 blocks, 2.5 lakh Gram Panchayats and 6 lakh villages in the country through self-managed Self Help Groups (SHGs) and federated institutions and support them for livelihoods collectives in a period of 8-10 years. In addition, the poor would be facilitated to achieve increased access to rights, entitlements and public services, diversified risk and better social indicators empowerment. DAY-NRLM believes in harnessing the innate capabilities of the poor and complements them with capacities (information, knowledge, skills, tools, finance and collectivization) to participate in the growing economy of the country. In November 2015, the program was renamed Deendayal Antayodaya Yojana (DAY-NRLM).DDU-GKY is uniquely focused on rural youth between the ages of 15 and 35 years from poor families. As a part of the Skill India campaign, it plays an instrumental role in supporting the social and economic programs of the government like the Make In India, Digital India, Smart Cities and Start-Up India, Stand-Up India campaigns. Over 180 million or 69% of the country�s youth population between the ages of 18 and 34 years, live in its rural areas. Of these, the bottom of the pyramid youth from poor families with no or marginal employment number about 55 million.

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www.apmc,com www.nrum.com www.rurban.com www.paymag.com

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We report the case of a six-year-old child suffering from xeroderma pigmentosum, who presents with swelling of the conjunctiva of the eye. Excisional surgery was performed without any additional treatment. The histological study confirms the inflammatory origin of the tumor. Xeroderma pigmentosum is a rare photo-dermatosis of genetic origin (autosomal recessive). It is characterized by a defect in the DNA repair system related to extreme sensitivity to ultraviolet (UV) rays. The severity of this disease is linked to the high risk of cancers of the ocular surface and the skin.

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xeroderma, pigmentosum, tumor, conjunctiva, resection, anatomopathlogy.

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WID, WAD, GAD, Gender Mainstreaming, SEWA, Agriculture, Industry

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This paper is an attempt to understand the role of e-learning in the development of education system in India. E-learning has been a very vital means in the development of any country. In these days everyone is concerned about the growth and educational development of the nation. If it is skillfully and effectively used it can bring about a desired transformation in the realm of education and education can be quicker, effective and lucid easily accessible to everyone. In this research paper an effort is made to observe the change that is being seen in education due to utilization of technology i.e. E-learning and to show how it is fruitful to digitalize entire education system with the help of e-learning and other technical devices. The e-learning is one of the means to take the old educational system out of its traditional and classroom confined frame. One more objective of this research endeavor is to understand the nature and concept of E-learning and the examine its various types. The research paper also summarizs and seriously considers the opionions of the experts about comaprative study of the modern and traditional methods of education. It shows how the use of technology specially E-learning is useful for educational sector in India and has become one of the wheels of educational development and nation in general.

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Education, Educational development, E-learning, Formal and In-formal E-learning

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AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: The primary objective was to compare post operative pain using visual analogue scale (VAS). Secondary objectives measured were hospital stay in days, time to resume normal activities and post operative complications. METHODS: This was a comparative randomized control study where 40 patients with inguinal hernias were enrolled. Patients undergoing Laparoscopic hernia repair (LHR) and Lichtenstein tension free hernia repair (LTHR), were randomized into two groups. An informed consent was taken following various investigations. Further, the patients who underwent surgery, were evaluated for post-operative pain, hospital stay, time to return to normal activities and complications. RESULTS: It was found that the VAS score was lesser in LHR group as compared to LTHR group in different time points (day 1, day 3 and week 1) and it was showing a significant difference (p<0.0001) between the groups. There was also a significant difference found in median of time that is required for normal activity and it was significantly more in LTHR group (6.55�1.73) as compared to the LHR group (3.25�1.25) (p<0.0001). The median of hospital stay in LTHR group is significantly more (4.35�1.81) than LHR group (2.8�0.89). Even the complications were found more in LTHR group (10%) than in LHR group (5%). CONCLUSION: Apart from the complications, which were found to be similar, laparoscopic hernia repair was found to be better in all the above mentioned aspects. However, the data is insufficient to conclude which surgery is better overall, as long-term follow up is required to evaluate for chronic pain, recurrence and learning curve in laparoscopic hernia repair.

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Inguinal Hernia; Visual Analog Scale; Post-operative pain; clinical complications; tension-free open repair

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Concrete is the most important material in the construction industry in view of its compressive strength, high mouldability thermal conductivity, stability and economic considerations. Agricultural waste and Industrial wastes cause series threats to human health, pollution problems due to its improper disposal and utilization. These wastes created opportunities in the construction industry. This agro and Industrial waste can be used as non-structural element. The density, compressive strength thermal insulation, water absorption was experimentally conducted with various agricultural and Industrial wastes such as coconut coir, thermacol, e-waste, Bamboo, Straw, wood dust etc. Still there are more waste as well as tests are to be explored. So, this review is aimed to utilize this agricultural and industrial wastes in the construction industry to the alternative of concrete

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Agricultural waste, compressive strength, durability, thermal conductivity

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In this paper, a new quasi single stage highly efficient buck boost inverter is presented. The structure of the inverter leads to the reduction of inductor shoot through current and dead time elimination. This is also capable of bidirectional power conversion and due to this, the body diodes of the switches can be avoided and the losses and reverse recovery issues is avoided. Due to the high frequency pwm switching phenomenon, the size of the inductors and capacitors are greatly reduced. The fuzzy logic control is replacing the existing PI controller so that the system can be adapted to transient changes in input voltage variations. The simulation is performed in MATLAB/Simulink software.

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dc-dc converters;Bidirectional converters;fuzzy logic control;single stage converters.

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