Volume 12 | Issue 10 |

 Abstract

The amount of money needed to fund a day-to-day business operation is known as working capital. The objective of the study was to evaluate the working capital of select FMCG companies in india the duration of the study was 2019-2023. Six companies chosen for the study. The cash conversion cycle, payable days, inventory days, and receivable days are computed to evaluate the performance of the business. Descriptive statistics used for analysis. The study's findings demonstrated that HUL and Britannia were having negative working capital.

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WORKING CAPITAL ANALYSIS ON SELECT FMCG COMPANIES IN INDIA

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Role of ESG consideration in determining investment decision: An individual Investor perspective

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India is the second highest population in the world. India's construction industry is large as well as visible and providing employment to 3.2 crore workers nationally. The present study analyses the changing pattern of socio economic condition of construction workers in Sivagangi District of Tamil Nadu. Also, the researcher attempted to found the socioeconomic condition, identified the problems of construction workers and working condition and health awareness of construction workers in the study area. This study was entirely based on primary data which were collected from 100 respondents. The samples were selected purposively. The researcher found that three aspect such as the socio economic condition, working condition and health problems of construction workers in the study area. The researcher find out 50 percent of the samples respondents were earned income of between one lakh to two lakhs and 34 percent of the construction workers were earned income of between two lakhs to three lakhs. Remaining 8 percent of the workers were earned below one lakh as well as above three lakhs in the study area.

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construction work, population growth, socio economic condition, employment, health status, awareness

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Mallakhamb, a traditional Indian sport that combines elements of gymnastics, yoga, and martial arts, has gained recognition for its unique ability to develop strength, flexibility, and neuromuscular coordination among athletes. Practiced on a vertical wooden pole or hanging rope, Mallakhamb demands intense physical control, balance, and endurance, making it an effective training method for holistic athletic development. Despite its ancient origins, Mallakhamb remains relevant in modern sports science due to its emphasis on functional strength and dynamic movement patterns. This study investigates the impact of Mallakhamb training on strength development in young athletes aged 15 to 25. A comparative analysis was conducted between a group of athletes trained in Mallakhamb and a control group following conventional fitness routines over a 12-week period. Key physical parameters such as hand grip strength, leg press power, flexibility, vertical jump height, and cardiovascular endurance were measured before and after the training cycle. The results revealed significantly higher improvements in the Mallakhamb group across all variables, with notable gains in upper body strength, core stability, and overall agility. The findings suggest that Mallakhamb offers a comprehensive approach to strength training, integrating bodyweight resistance, proprioceptive awareness, and mental focus. Its versatility makes it suitable not only for wrestlers and gymnasts but also for athletes across disciplines seeking enhanced performance. Moreover, the sport's cultural heritage adds value to its adoption in educational and professional training environments. By bridging traditional wisdom with contemporary athletic needs, Mallakhamb emerges as a powerful tool for developing strength and resilience. This paper advocates for its inclusion in physical education curricula and calls for further research to explore its long-term benefits and potential adaptations for broader athletic populations.

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Mallakhamb Traditional Indian sport Functional fitness Bodyweight resistance Neuromuscular coordination Proprioceptive awareness Holistic training Grip strength Flexibility Core stability Cardiovascular endurance Explosive strength Agility Pole exercises Rope exercises Inverted poses Dynamic movements Balance techniques Sit-and-reach test Cooper test Comparative analysis Control group Athletic performance

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The excessive use of chemical inputs in conventional Indian agriculture has led to soil degradation, declining biodiversity, and adverse environmental consequences. In response, organic farming has emerged as a sustainable alternative, supported by initiatives such as the Paramparagat Krishi Vikas Yojana (PKVY). This study assesses the impact of organic farming practices on crop productivity and farmers' income in the Davangere district of Karnataka. Field demonstrations were conducted by Krishi Vigyan Kendra on selected crops--onion and arecanut in the Rameshwara cluster, and mango and tomato in the Santhebennur cluster--comparing traditional practices with integrated organic approaches. Results indicate that Organic + Farmers' Practice significantly improved yields, net returns, and benefit-cost (BC) ratios, particularly in arecanut and mango crops. Despite higher production costs, organic methods demonstrated enhanced profitability and long-term viability. The findings highlight the potential of organic farming, under PKVY, to contribute to sustainable agriculture and rural economic development in India.

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Organic farming, PKVY, crop yield, farmers' income, sustainable agriculture, BC ratio, Davangere.

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Swami Dayanand Saraswati can be called a great educationist, social reformer, cultural nationalist and pioneer as the creator of modern Indian society.The biggest contribution of Dayanand Saraswati was laying the foundation of Arya Samaj, which brought revolution in the field of education and religion.The way Dayanand Saraswati achieved the goal of overall renewal of the dilapidated Hindu society and initiated the future development by presenting a creative combination of nationalism and social reform,considering it a great achievement, the great historian Basham has called Dayanand Saraswati the Indian Luther and described him as a social reformer and a creative coordinator of nationalism.Swami Dayanand Saraswati, the founder of the great Arya Samaj, holds a unique history in the history of political thought in modern India.Dayanand Saraswati was the greatest apostle of the Aryan culture of India. He founded the Arya Samaj to propagate the Vedas. The rules and principles of the Arya Samaj are for the welfare of all living beings.The main objective of this society is to do good to the world, that is, to bring about physical, spiritual and social progress.

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Swami Dayanand Saraswati, Educational Social Development, Arya Samaj, History of Arya Samaj, Social Reformer.

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In the internet shopping scenario, buyer behaviour is affected by a plethora of factors, including buyer trust, privacy concerns and perceived risk. Online retail (e-retail) is quite evidently growing at a fast pace, and the degree of online purchase is humongous. However due to complex market scenario intense competition and ever-changing consumer dynamics, sustainability is sceptical. Hence e-tailers are extremely focused on the loyalty aspect of buyers. Thus, it is pivotal for marketers to identify those factors that foster e-retail patronage behaviour amongst online buyers, specifically generation Z. Demographically more than 50% of India's population is below the age of 25. Therefore, the study is focused on individuals belonging to that age group. The objective of this research is to explore those factors of an e-retail stores that are pivotal in developing a sense of loyalty among Generation Z consumers. This study explores the patronage behaviour of Generation Z consumers by focusing on three key variables: e-store atmospherics, e-service quality, and e-merchandise, in relation to their patronage intentions. Data was gathered through a structured questionnaire. The findings identified additional significant factors influencing patronage behaviour. The outcome revealed that e-merchandise showed a negative association with e-patronage intentions, whereas both e-service quality and e-store atmospherics were found to have a positive impact on Generation Z's online patronage behaviour.

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Generation Z, E-retailer, SOR, patronage behaviour, patronage intention, store attributes.

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Nakadrahit Bhugtan Pranali : Shambhavnaye , Aarthik Vikas , Prodhyogikigat Chunoutiya

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Nakadrahit Bhugtan Pranali : Shambhavnaye , Aarthik Vikas , Prodhyogikigat Chunoutiya

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Mushrooms are diverse fungi that can be either edible or poisonous, posing a significant health risk if misidentified. This study explores the application of data mining techniques to classify mushrooms based on their characteristics, such as cap shape, color, odor, and more, to determine their edibility. The dataset used for this research includes 8124 mushroom instances, each described by 23 features, with 4208 labeled as edible and 3916 as poisonous. Two popular data mining algorithms, Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) and Logistic Regression, were employed to build predictive models. These models were evaluated using classification performance metrics including accuracy, precision, and recall. The results indicate that the ANN outperforms Logistic Regression, achieving an accuracy of 98.62%, demonstrating its effectiveness in distinguishing between edible and poisonous mushrooms. This paper highlights the potential of data mining techniques for improving classification accuracy and ensuring safe mushroom consumption.

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A Case Study on Mushroom Classification Using Data Mining Techniques: An Experimental Approach

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Conductometric titration curves of Erbium(III)-complexes with Nitrogen and Oxygen containing ligand Indole derivative [viz : 1H-indole -3-carboxylic acid (I3CA) , 1-( 1H-indole-3-yl) ethanone (3ATI), 1H-indole-3-carbaldehyde (I3CD), 2-(1H-indole-3-yl)ethanoic acid (2IEA), 4-(1H-indole-3-yl)butanoic acid (4IBA)] have been studied and analyzed in non-micellar solvent (Alcohol+water) and micellar surfactant medium [Polyethylene glycol monododecyl ether (BRIJ35), Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), Sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS)] at 298 K temperature. The Association constant KA , Gibbs free energy of association ?GA , formation constant or stability constant Kf as logKf and Gibbs free energy of formation ?Gf have been calculated with the help of Conductometric titration curves of Erbium(III)-with Indole derivative (I3CA, 3ATI, I3CD 2IEA, 4IBA) at 298 K temperature in non-micellar medium and different micellar surfactant medium. Metal-ligand complexes in 1:1, 1:2, 1:3 [M:L] ratio is obtained as inflammation point in the plot of molar conductance ?m (S cm2 mol-1) and ligand/metal [L]t / [M]t ratio. Stability of 1:1, 1:2, 1:3 [M:L] metal ligand complexes have been evaluated in term of formation constant as logKf and thermodynamic parameter ?Gf. Stability of Erbium(III)-complexes shows somewhat different behaviour on increasing the ligand/metal [L]t / [M]t ratio and alteration of different micellar medium.

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Conductometric titration, non-micellar and micellar medium, molar conductance, surfactant, thermodynamic parameter, stability constant.

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