Volume 13 | Issue 10 |

 Abstract

Painting, sculpture, and various other art forms have existed in Tamil Nadu for many centuries. After the establishment of British rule, specialized art schools were founded in several parts of India to provide formal training in the arts. Among them, the Madras School of Arts played a particularly significant role -- it was, in fact, the first art school in India. The British who ruled Chennai established this school both to meet their own needs and because they were deeply impressed by Tamil Nadu's traditional arts. They engaged local students to produce various artworks, which were used by the British themselves and also exported to many other countries. Many of the artworks created in this school are still displayed in renowned museums around the world today. Seeing these works reveals that Tamil Nadu was home to many exceptional artists, skilled in diverse forms of art. Furthermore, the British introduced their own artistic practices and techniques into this school's curriculum. This study examines the circumstances and developments that arose from the curriculum implemented between 1850 and 1950, during which these cross-cultural exchanges and artistic transformations took place

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Keywords: Madras School of Arts, Syllabus, Photography, Arts and Crafts, Alexander Hunter, Fine Art

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Introduction: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus is a growing public health concern in India that requires consistent and multifaceted self-care practices influenced by various demographic and psychosocial factors to prevent the complications. Aim: To assess the self-care practices and identify the influencing factors among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Objectives: 1) To assess the self-care practices on management of diabetes mellitus among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.2) To assess the influencing factors on management of diabetes mellitus among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. 3) To find out the relationship between self-care practices and influencing factors on management of diabetes mellitus among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. 4) To find out the association between selected demographic variables on management of diabetes mellitus among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and their self-care practices. 5) To find out the association between selected demographic variables on management of diabetes mellitus among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and their influencing factors. Materials and methods: This descriptive study included 100 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus attending the outpatient department of a hospital at Kanyakumari District. Participants were selected through convenient sampling technique. Data collection was done using a structured questionnaire that included demographic and clinical variables, a 20-item self-care practice scale for self -care practices (5-point Likert), and a 40-item checklist on influencing factors on management of diabetes mellitus. Findings: Among the participants, 45% demonstrated good self-care practices, 38% had average adherence, and 17% reported poor self-care practices on management of diabetes mellitus. Regarding influencing factors 70% of participants reported highly favourable influencing factors for self-care and 30% exhibited highly unfavourable factors on management of diabetes mellitus. Conclusion: The findings highlighted the need for targeted educational interventions, social support systems, and tailored diabetes management programs to enhance self-care behaviors and glycaemic outcomes.

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patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, self-care practices, influencing factors.

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Numerous technologies and platforms, including AI, which enhance teaching and learning pedagogy, abound. However, their effective adoption and implementation in developing African countries such as Nigeria depend on teachers' sufficient technological skills and competency, particularly in the use of AI tools. This study set out to investigate the technological skills and competencies of higher education teachers and their implications for pedagogical innovation. To realize this objective, the study adopted a scoping literature review strategy, using a systematic keyword-based search of databases, specifically Google Scholar, Scopus, and Web of Science to retrieve 163 recent studies on this subject from diverse literature. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, 21 articles met the selection criteria and were included in the study. Accordingly, the selected literature was coded and analyzed in line with the study's conceptual framework. Overall, it was found that technology skills, competency, and knowledge of the appropriate AI tool required to effect pedagogical transformation by teachers are insufficient.

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Pedagogy, literacy, Artificial intelligence, expert system, transformation, teacher

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National Education Policy

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This review explores the current scientific advancements and future potential of 3D bioprinting in the pharmaceutical sector. Conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines, this review draws data from PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect using keywords such as 3D bioprinting, drug development, personalized medicine, pharmaceutical applications, and drug testing. The paper highlights the diverse roles of bioprinting in pharmaceuticals, with a particular emphasis on drug discovery, personalized medicine, and most notably, drug screening and testing. Recent technological advancements have enabled the creation of patient-specific drug testing platforms and targeted delivery systems. Notably, bioprinting allows the precise placement of cells and biomaterials to develop miniaturized organ models (organoids) and Organ-on-a-Chip systems, which may reduce reliance on animal testing. This approach enhances prediction accuracy in early-stage drug trials and accelerates the path to market. Despite its transformative promise, 3D bioprinting still faces critical challenges, including issues related to vascularization, material limitations, standardization, and scalability. Nonetheless, the technology continues to evolve, with significant implications for tissue engineering, drug delivery systems, and regenerative medicine. This review provides an overview of current applications, critical limitations, and future prospects of 3D bioprinting in pharmaceutical research and development.

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Keywords: 3D bioprinting, PRISMA guidelines, Organ-on-a-Chip systems, Engineering.

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perceived self-efficacy, nursing competencies, readiness for professional nursing practice, Nursing students.

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????? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ?? ??? ?????? ??? ??? ???????? ?? ?? ??? ?? ???? ??? ??? ?? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ????? ??? ?? ??? ?? ?? ??? ?????? ????? ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ?????? ????? ?? ?? ?? ???? ??????? ?? ??? ?????? ??? ???????? ???? ??? ??? ?? ?????? ???? ????? ?? ???? ?? ???? ??? ??? ???? ??? ?? ?? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ?? ????? ??? ??? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ???? ??? ????? ??? ??? ????? ??? ??? ???? 600 ??? ?????? ??? ????? ??? ??? ???? ?? ???? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?? ??? ??? ???? ??? ????? ??? ??? ?? ???? ??? ?? ??? ??? ??????? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ??? ?? ?? ??? ??????? ??? ??? ??????? ??? ??? ?? ??? ??? ?? ???? ????????? ?? ???? ??? ???? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ?? ?????? ??? ????? ??? ??? ??? ??? ????? ????? ????? ????????? ??????? ?? ???????? ??? ??????? ?? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ?? ????? ????? ??? ???? ??????? ?? ???? ?? ???? ???? ?? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ??? ?? ????? ???? ?? ????? ?? ??? ?? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ????? ?? ??? ??? ?? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ?? ?????????? ?? ??? ??? ????? ????? ?? ????? ???? ??????, ????????? ??? ?????? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ????????? ??? ??? ????? ????? ???? ?? ???????? ????? ??? ????? ??? ??????? ??? ??? ?????? ?????? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ??? ?? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ???

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???? ???? ????? ?????, ???????, ???????, ????, ?????

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The COVID-19 pandemic was one of the most disruptive global events in modern history, profoundly transforming educational systems worldwide. Schools, colleges, and universities were forced to close their doors, shifting overnight to online learning platforms. This transition exposed deep inequalities, challenged educators and students alike, and accelerated digital transformation in education. This paper examines the multifaceted impact of COVID-19 on education during and after the pandemic, analyzing both short-term disruptions and long-term transformations. It further explores pedagogical innovations, policy adaptations, and the challenges faced in the post-COVID era as education systems attempt to redefine themselves for the future.

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COVID-19, education, online learning, digital divide, post-pandemic education, policy adaptation, pedagogy

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Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a chronic gastrointestinal disorder characterized by symptoms such as abdominal pain, bloating, and irregular bowel movements, which significantly affect the quality of life. The proposed Smart Device for Monitoring and Managing Irritable Bowel Syndrome aims to provide an efficient and real-time solution for tracking physiological parameters related to IBS. The system integrates various sensors to monitor key indicators such as abdominal muscle activity, stress levels, body temperature, and diet patterns. Data collected from these sensors are processed using a micro-controller and transmitted to a mobile application for visualization and analysis. This continuous monitoring helps users identify potential triggers and patterns associated with symptom flare-ups, promoting personalized disease management. The device also includes an intelligent alert and recommendation system that provides lifestyle and dietary suggestions based on the user's recorded data trends. By combining IoT technology, biomedical sensing, and data analytic, this project offers a practical and user-friendly approach to improving IBS management. The system not only empowers patients to take control of their health but also provides valuable data for medical professionals to enhance diagnosis and treatment strategies

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Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS), Smart Health Monitoring, IoT, Biomedical Sensors, DataAnalytics, Mobile Application, Personalized Healthcare.

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Corporate governance plays a pivotal role in ensuring transparency, accountability, and ethical conduct in financial management. This research paper examines how effective governance mechanisms can prevent financial frauds in both public and private organizations. The study explores theoretical perspectives, empirical evidence, and case analyses to establish a strong linkage between corporate governance practices and the mitigation of fraudulent activities. Findings reveal that strong governance frameworks, independent audits, and ethical leadership significantly reduce fraud risk. The paper concludes with recommendations to strengthen governance mechanisms for better financial integrity.

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Key words : Corporate Governance, Financial Frauds

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