Volume 13 | Issue 10 |

 Abstract

Malocclusion and dentofacial anomalies impact not only oral function but also dental aesthetics and psychosocial well-being. The relationship between clinical orthodontic needs and patients' psychological profiles plays a crucial role in shaping both the motivation for seeking treatment and the perceived outcomes. This paper explores aesthetic perceptions, psychosocial functioning, and self-esteem in relation to malocclusion, while also reviewing validated assessment tools, examining evidence on treatment effects, and discussing the associated clinical and ethical implications. A narrative synthesis of literature published between 2000 and 2025 was conducted, including cross-sectional, cohort, and longitudinal studies that evaluated aesthetic concerns, self-esteem, quality of life, and treatment satisfaction among orthodontic patients. The findings indicate that dental aesthetics serve as a primary motivator for orthodontic treatment and are strongly linked to self-esteem, social confidence, and oral-health-related quality of life (OHRQOL). Validated instruments such as the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need-Aesthetic Component (IOTN-AC), Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire (PIDAQ), Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES), and Child Oral Health Impact Profile (COHIP) demonstrate strong psychometric validity and reliability. While clinical indices of malocclusion severity show moderate correlations with psychosocial effects, individual psychological factors often exert a stronger influence on patients' experiences and treatment outcomes. Orthodontic interventions have been shown to produce significant improvements in self-esteem, social functioning, and emotional well-being; however, these benefits are influenced by factors such as patient communication, treatment expectations, demographic characteristics, gender, cultural perceptions of beauty, and previous orthodontic experiences. Overall, a biopsychosocial approach that integrates objective clinical assessments with validated patient-reported psychosocial measures provides a more holistic, ethical, and patient-centered framework for orthodontic care. Future research should focus on culturally diverse populations and the long-term psychosocial outcomes of orthodontic treatment, particularly as patients transition into adulthood.

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 Keywords

Malocclusion, Dental aesthetics, Psychosocial impact, Patient satisfaction, Social confidence, Emotional well-being.

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Agricultural productivity is significantly affected by plant diseases that cause large-scale economic losses and threaten food security worldwide. Early and accurate disease detection enables timely intervention and sustainable crop management. Recent advances in computer vision, deep learning, and mobile computing have accelerated the development of automated systems for plant disease diagnosis. This review consolidates recent research trends in artificial-intelligence-based approaches for plant disease detection and classification. Studies published between 2018 and 2025 reveal the growing dominance of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and cloud-based frameworks for image-driven disease recognition in crops such as cotton, mango, and potato. Comparative analyses demonstrate that deep-learning architectures--including ResNet, MobileNet, and customized CNNs--consistently outperform traditional machine-learning methods in accuracy and generalization. In addition, mobile and citizen-science tools have expanded the accessibility of AI solutions to field environments. This paper summarizes key techniques, datasets, performance metrics, and limitations observed across the literature and highlights the need for lightweight, explainable, and field-deployable AI models.

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Plant disease detection, Deep learning, Convolutional Neural Networks, Cloud and Mobile Computing, Smart Agriculture

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Abstract: This study was undertaken to investigate the effectiveness of a Structured Teaching Programme (STP) on knowledge regarding risk factors and preventive strategies of suicidal behaviour among adolescents. A pre-experimental one-group pre-test post-test design was employed. The study was conducted among 60 first-semester BSc Nursing students selected via convenience sampling from a college in Kozhikode. Data were collected using a structured knowledge questionnaire. The findings revealed that the mean post-test knowledge score (22.38) was significantly higher than the mean pre-test score (17.17), with a paired t-test value of 10.166 (p<0.05), indicating the STP's effectiveness. A significant association was found between pre-test knowledge scores and gender, but not with other socio-demographic variables. The study concluded that the structured teaching programme was effective in improving adolescents' knowledge of suicidal behaviour risk factors and prevention.

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Knowledge, Risk factors, Preventive strategies, Suicidal behaviour, Structured teaching programme, Adolescents

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National Education Policy

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The introduction of Sanskrit learning in Tibet is not just the recent one but it has the history of more than thousand years. Learning of Sanskrit grammar has been a mandatory and important curriculum in the Tibetan Buddhist academic curriculum for more than a millennium for the Tibetan monk scholars who were engaged in the task of translation of Sanskrit-Tibetan literature. But the actual learning of Sanskrit grammar through the Tibetan translation began in the 13th century. The s?tras are transliterated in Tibetan script along with its Tibetan translation. S?tras are memorized not in Sanskrit but in Tibetan language. Tibetan monk scholars in Tibet who were and are well versed in Sanskrit grammar pursuit their learning of Sanskrit through the Tibetan translation and transliteration form but they do not know how to read and write Devanagari.

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Songtsan Gampo, Thonmi Sambhota, Lha rig pa'i senge, Brahman Lipikara, Tride Songtsen, Mah?viyutpatti, Madhyavyutpatti, Sakya Pandita,

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The globalization of fiscal requests has needed the confluence of fiscal reporting practices to insure thickness, translucency, and community across nations. India, in its pursuit of aligning with global norms, espoused the Indian Accounting norms ( Ind AS), a frame grounded on the International Financial Reporting norms( IFRS). This paper reviews the trip of Ind AS relinquishment, its challenges, and its impact on Indian corporates and stakeholders. It explores the metamorphosis in fiscal reporting practices and how these norms have enhanced translucency, reduced information asymmetry, and bettered global investor confidence. Also, the paper discusses the practical challenges faced during the perpetration process, similar as nonsupervisory acclimations, training, and technological support. This review aims to give perceptivity into the integration process, offering a comprehensive understanding of the part of Ind AS in India's global fiscal reporting confluence.

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Indian Accounting norms( Ind AS), IFRS Convergence, Global Financial Reporting, Financial translucency, Commercial Compliance, Regulatory Framework

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Parkinson's disease (PD) a degenerative neurological condition that impairs both motor and non-motor abilities. To manage symptoms and enhance the quality of life for patients, early detection is essential. With the use of several data modalities, such as voice recordings, handwriting samples, and facial expressions, this study offers an AI-based predicting method for Parkinson's disease. To determine the probability of Parkinson's disease, the system uses machine learning algorithms to extract important information from these inputs. The suggested method provides a non-invasive, effective, and easily available early diagnosis tool that can help medical practitioners intervene promptly and provide improved patient care.

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 Keywords

Early Diagnosis, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, Voice Analysis, Handwriting Analysis, Facial Expression Analysis, Predictive Healthcare

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Background: In ?yurveda, Manasa Prakriti is the inherent mental constitution formed by the predominance of Sattva, Rajas, and Tamas at the time of conception. It plays a crucial role in determining an individual's psychological tendencies, behavioral patterns, and emotional stability. An?vasthita Cittatva, characterized by instability or fickleness of the mind, is described as a Manovik?ra and has parallels with modern psychological conditions like attention-deficit traits, anxiety, or emotional dysregulation. Aim and Objectives: Aim To study the concept of Manasa Prakriti and its role in the development of An?vasthita Cittatva. Objectives-To review ?yurvedic texts on Manasa Prakriti., To understand An?vasthita Cittatva and its features. To analyze the link between Manasa Prakriti and An?vasthita Cittatva. To correlate findings with modern psychological conditions. To suggest preventive and management approaches based on Prakriti. Materials and Methods: A critical review was undertaken by collecting references from Bruhattray?, Laghutray?, and ?yurveda Manas?roga texts. Correlating views from modern psychology and psychiatry were reviewed for comparative understanding. Data from classical Ayurvedic definitions and psychodynamic traits were synthesized to develop a conceptual framework linking Manasa Prakriti with An?vasthita Cittatva. Observations and Results: It was observed that individuals with predominant R?jasa and T?masa Manasa Prakriti are more prone to develop An?vasthita Cittatva. Traits such as impulsiveness, indecisiveness, and emotional instability were common in such Prakritis, while S?ttvika Prakriti showed resilience against such disorders. Discussion: The study reveals that understanding Manasa Prakriti can offer a preventive approach in the early identification of vulnerable mental constitutions. It bridges classical Ayurvedic psychological theory with modern psychopathological insights and promotes holistic mental health evaluation. Conclusion: Manasa Prakriti plays a foundational role in mental health, and its dominance significantly influences the occurrence of An?vasthita Cittatva. Early classification and management based on Prakriti may aid in the prevention and better treatment outcomes of mental disorders.

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 Keywords

Keywords: Manasa Prakriti, An?vasthita Cittatva, Manovik?ra, S?ttvika R?jasa T?masa, Psychopathology, Ayurvedic Psychology

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Songtsan Gampo, Mahasiddhas, N?ropa, Maitripa, Marpa Lotsawa, Guhyasam?ja, Cakrasa?vara, Hevajra, Maham?y?, Catu?p??ha

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