Volume 11 | Issue 10 |

 Abstract

A giant cell tumor (GCT) is defined as the presence of large multinucleated osteoclast-like giant cells, along with mononuclear spindle-like stromal cells and other monocytes. It most commonly occurs in the knee joint. The most common age of presentation of GCT is 20-45 years with female preponderance. The most usual presentation of a GCT is pain due to mechanical instability from bone resorption. A localized bony swelling may be observed due to destruction of the bone and tumor progression. One should keep in mind this entity and final diagnosis is always done by histopathological examination. Curettage and Bone Grafting is a common surgical approach and effective too.

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 Keywords

Giant cell tumor, Multinucleated giant cells, Osteoclastoma, Knee joint.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Incremental learning, an essential facet of artificial intelligence (AI), involves the dynamic acquisition and integration of knowledge from new data or tasks while preserving information from prior experiences. Overcoming catastrophic forgetting and effectively adapting to evolving environments are central challenges in incremental learning [1], [10]. This survey paper comprehensively explores the latest advancements, methodologies, and challenges in incremental learning. We delve into various techniques, ranging from regularization methods and rehearsal strategies to neural network modifications and transfer learning. Through an in-depth analysis, we aim to elucidate the intricate landscape of incremental learning and provide insights to inspire future research and development in this rapidly evolving field.

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 Keywords

Incremental Learning, Catastrophic Forgetting, Regularization, Rehearsal Techniques, Neural Network Modification, Transfer Learning, Experience Replay, Generative Replay, Elastic Weight Consolidation (EWC), Synaptic Intelligence (SI), Knowledge Distillation, Fine-Tuning, Data Augmentation, Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs), Variational Autoencoders (VAEs), Multi-Task Learning, Progressive Neural Networks (PNN), Meta-Learning, Challenges, Advancements

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Obesity is one of the major public health problems affecting every region of the globe. Currently, India is facing the double burden of under nutrition as well as over nutrition. There are >135 million obese people found in India. Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness of burpees exercise on physical fitness indexand VO2 Max in class 1 obese Undergraduate students. Methodology:35 samples of undergraduate students male and female of age ranging between 18-25 years of age were considered for the study. Modified Harvard Step Test was used as an outcome measure. Pre and post data collection was collected and data analysis was done. Results: Paired T test was done to compare pre and post physical fitness index and Vo2 max of which showed P value less than 0.0001 which is considered extremely significant. Conclusion: The study concluded that the burpees have significant impact on physical fitness index by improving cardiovascular endurance, and Vo2max in class 1 obese undergraduate.

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 Keywords

burpees exercise, cardiovascular endurance, physical fitness, class 1 obesity ,undergraduate students.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

This research paper explain about the Mobile Ad-hoc Network (MANET) is a dynamic network between mobile nodes for sharing of information and is popular for its infrastructure-less design. Due to the lack of central governing body, however, various security threats come forward in MANETs in comparison to its infrastructure based counterparts. Blackhole attack is one of the most challenging security issues present in MANETs. Blackhole attack reduces network efficiency considerably by disrupting the flow of data between source and destination. In this paper, we propose an algorithm which is based on the technique of changing the sequence number present in control packets, in particular the Route Reply Packets (RREP) in widely used Ad-Hoc On Demand Distance Vector (AODV) routing protocol, in order to identify the blackhole nodes and thereby to minimize the data loss by discarding the route with such Blackhole nodes. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm outperforms the legacy Intrusion Detection System (IDS) provisioned for AODV

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 Keywords

MANET, Blackhole, RREP, AODV, IDS.

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Extreme weather in crop witness from Hyderabad Karnataka farmers - Farmers are suffering from a widespread epidemic of damage because of the effects of rain, temperature, and climate change. Randomized techniques are used to inform Farmers' Studies. According to research, there are disparities in the ways that the climate affects farmers in places like Hyderabad and the Karnataka region. Why and how to create various ratios, and crop protection, particularly for landless and other farmers. The farmer will inevitably expand his or her farm and find numerous strategies to conserve rainwater.

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 Keywords

Effect, Farmers, Climate Change, Season.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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This review paper explain about the Mobile Ad-hoc Network (MANET) is a powerful organization between versatile hubs for sharing of data and is famous for its framework less plan. Because of the absence of focal administering body, in any case, different security dangers approach in MANETs in contrast with its framework based partners. Blackhole assault is one of the most difficult security issues present in MANETs. Blackhole assault lessens network effectiveness extensively by disturbing the progression of information among source and objective. In this paper, we approached a calculation which depends on the method of changing the grouping present number in charge parcels, specifically the Route Reply Packets (RREP) in broadly utilized Ad-Hoc On Demand Distance Vector (AODV) steering convention, to distinguish the blackhole hubs and subsequently to limit the information misfortune by disposing of the course with such Blackhole hubs. Reenactment results show that the proposed calculation outflanks the inheritance Intrusion Detection System (IDS) provisioned for AODV.

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 Keywords

MANET, Blackhole, RREP, AODV, IDS.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Financial analysis is essential for all concerns to withstand and achieve their objectives for a long period. Tata motors private limited is one of the widely well-known manufacturing industries in India. Investors are also showing keen interest in this company. This article aims to provide an insight into the financial achievements and challenges of Tata motors. For this purpose, financial indicators, key ratios on financial and cash flow statements, and capital structures are identified and analysed. Moreover, econometric tools of multiple regression are used to set the model fit and test the hypotheses. The results of the analysis are expected to reveal the strengths and weaknesses of Tata motors' financial performance and suggest some recommendations for improvement."

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Financial Indicators - Financial Performance- Financial achievements and Challenges I

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ABSTRACT- The effectiveness of phytosome-loaded with Shivlingi extraxt in treating a topical fungal infection was evaluated and established. The formulation was characterized by physicochemical methods. Methodology: Shivlingi seed extract loaded phytosome gels were prepared, and various analyses were done, including antifungal activity. A number of factors were optimized, including drug content, solubility tests, particle size estimation, FTIR analysis, entrapment effectiveness, in vitro release, and stability studies. Result: These studies indicated the successful formation of Shivlingi extracts loaded phytosomes and the optimum and sustained release of drug from topical preparation. Conclusion-The study concludes that topical gel loaded with Shivlingi seed extract phytosome is a promising formulation for topical medication delivery to treat topical infections.

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 Keywords

Phytosomes, Shivlingi, phytochemicals, Bryonia laciniosa, fungal infection.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Rifabutin, Targeted polymeric nanoparticles, Tuberculosis

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Asthma is a major noncommunicable disease (NCD), affecting both children and adults and is the most common chronic disease among children. Asthma affected an estimated 262 million people in 2019 (1) and caused 455,000 deaths. Homeopathy plays a major role in the management of asthma both in terms of acute exacerbation and chronic phases by reducing the recurrence of episodes in terms of its frequency, duration, and intensity. Prolonged use of homoeopathic medicines succeded in reducing the drug dependence on inhalers and bronchodilators etc. Asthma, when hereditary, is one of the sycotic complaints of Hahnemann. Natrum Sulphuricum is a very excellent remedy when it comes to humid asthma, especially in children with a strong hereditary background it goes down to the bottom of the case and will cure the case.

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 Keywords

Asthma, children, hereditary, sycotic.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition