Volume 8 | Issue 10 |

 Abstract

Aesthetically, Keats�s Ode to a Nightingale is one of his best envisaged and most cheering and as such most talked over poems. With the prime theme of the contrast between the permanence of nature and the impermanence of human life and that of the unpredictable nature of creative imagination, the poem received an extensive critical contemplation. The intramural and morphological mechanisms of the motion of the intellection and the figures of speech by which those themes and contrasts expose themselves are introduced in a very regulated but indicative manner in the poem. This paper approaches largely from a fresh point of view, to those mechanisms in order to show the poem�s inherent unification under its outward anxiety, irony, uncertainty and skepticism, which are indeed part of its aesthetic notion in light of Keats�s own poetic and aesthetic ideas.

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John Keats� Ode: Analyzing the poem Ode to a Nightingale

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Olive mill wastewater (OMWW) has constituted a major environmental problem to the olive oil producing countries. The cleanness of these discarded wastes requires several stages of identification of the various pollutants down to treatments. The aim of this work is to characterize and identify the olive mill wastewater content of the effluents of the units of olive trituration thrown into watercourse (Oued Oussefrou) without any preliminary treatment and to discuss the polluting load generated by this kind of industry. However, the interest lies in the fact that several Oil mills are located nearby, and also because it is considered as an effluent of the second river in India. Organic compounds extraction with ethyl acetate was efficient and the chemicals analysis methods, based on the application of Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) of the extracts revealed the presence of the O�H hydroxyls groups (3700 cm-1 and 3100 cm-1), aromatic CHar (3100-3000 cm-1), aliphatic CH (2942 and 2887 cm-1), as well as C=O of the carboxylic acid at 1717 cm-1 associated by hydrogen bond and conjugate C=O of the flavonoids at 1650 cm-1� Additionally, GC-MS and 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy analyses showed the presence of phenolic compounds, alcohols and carboxylic acids groups (aromatic acid�), methyl and methylene of long chain, Olefins and substituted aromatic skeletons were also detected. Accordingly, the wastewater of the studied river is characterized by a slightly acid pH which varies between (6.21 and 6.95), an important mineralization expressed by a too high electrical conductivity, varies between (353 and 4260 �S/cm) and a strong organic matter load expressed by COD, which varies between (166 and 88 000 mg /l). The results also show that these rejections are charged with organic matters and confirmed the pollution generated by OMWW of this river.

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olive mill, FTIR

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This paper reveals that the Ganga is considered sacred by people of India for providing life sustenance to environment and ecology. Anthropogenic activities have generated important transformations in aquatic environments during the last few decades. Human civilization has put serious questions to the safe use of river water for drinking and other purposes. The river Ganga water pollution due to heavy metals is one of the major concerns in most of the metropolitan cities of developing countries. Heavy metal concentration in sediments of Ganga River was studied significant difference between sites situated upstream and downstream of Varanasi urban core. Metal concentration increased consistently along the study gradient, indicating the influence of urban sources. These toxic heavy metals entering the environment may lead to bioaccumulation and bio- magnifications. These heavy metals are not readily degradable in nature and accumulate in the animal as well as human bodies to a very high toxic amount leading to undesirable effects beyond a certain limit. Heavy metals in the river, environment represents an abiding threat to human health. Exposure to heavy metals has been linked to developmental retardation, kidney damage, various cancers, and even death in instances of very high exposure.

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Ganga, health, heavy metals, urban, sediment

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Fish survey were undertaken during August 2015 to January 2016 to predict the diversity of the fishes in Kanjha Kothi Lake of Purnia . An attempt has been made to survey the existing fish diversity in six months of duration in two consecutive seasons (rainy and winter). Fishes caught alive or in fresh condition were preserved in 9-10% formalin solution. The fishes were collected, fixed and labeled giving serial numbers, the name of exact locality from where they have been collected; date of the collection and the common local name on each jar. The fishes were identified and finally species diversity was calculated, which is not yet focused at this site. Knowledge of highest diversity in a particular season can be a most useful tool for the aquaculture for both quantity and quality harvesting of the fishes. With this point of view, the research has been conducted. Species diversity was found to be higher in winter (1.47) than in rainy season (1.18).

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Fish diversity, Kanjha Kothi Lake , Purnia

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Banking sector plays a vital role in the economic development of a country. A healthy financial system and an efficient economy is dependent on a sound banking sector. The Indian banking sector has gone through a significant transformation after the economic reforms in 1991. This transformation and the big size have exposed banking sector to various kinds of risks such as credit, operational, market and liquidity risks. Non-performing assets (NPAs) is one of the major risks being faced by the banks today as it has lowered the profits of the banks. Unfortunately, the Coronavirus pandemic which hit the country in 2020 has adversely affected the banking sector. This paper is aimed at the review of literature on non-performing assets in Indian banking sector.

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Banks, Non-Performing Assets, Public sector banks and Private sector banks.

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Ruskin Bond occupies an outstanding position among the contemporary Indian English writers. Bond's world is the world of the poor and the middle class people. Bond's greatness can be seen in the originality and naturalness of these characters. He is the only Indian writer in English to establish a reputation mainly on the basis of his achievement as a short story writer. He is not happy to describe the things as they happened. He examines his characters from the inside and analyses how their minds work. He is a front ranking fiction writer of Indian English writing. In course of a writing career spanning over five decades. He has written more than a hundred short stories, two full-length novels, three novellas and a number of essays. He has got many awards during his writing career. He is considered a pioneer of children literature in India. He came close to children's literature. Since Ruskin Bond liked his boyhood very much there for all his children stories whether autobiographical expressed his longing for a happy childhood. He likes children because they are more frank, open minded and emotional.

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Nature, Supernatural, valley, Hills, spiritual and common people

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This paper considers the physical presence of the British in India was not significant. Yet, for almost two centuries, the British were able to rule two-thirds of the subcontinent directly, and exercise considerable leverage over the Princely States that accounted for the remaining one-third. While the strategy of divide and conquer was used most effectively, an important aspect of British rule in India was the psychological indoctrination of an elite layer within Indian society who were artfully tutored into becoming model British subjects. This English-educated layer of Indian society was craftily encouraged in absorbing values and notions about themselves and their land of birth that would be conducive to the British occupation of India, and furthering British goals of looting India's physical wealth and exploiting it's labour.

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exploitation, british occupation

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Abstract: As corona virus is spreading day by day, handling and management of biomedical waste generated during management of corona virus has been a serious concern for government. The aim of this review article is to discuss the importance of biomedical waste management in this pandemic and to make some recommendations for safe disposal of COVID infectious waste. A total of 35 articles and newsletters related to COVID-19 and biomedical waste management using different search portal like PubMed, Google Scholar, Nature, and Lancet were reviewed. After thorough literature review, relevant 10 articles and newsletters were taken into consideration for this purpose. Battling this issue has entangled complex humanitarian and environmental challenges which require immediate action. Failure to take appropriate measures can lead to grave consequences which would leave a scar not only for India but for the entire world.

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COVID-19, Bio Medical Waste

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Background: Peritonitis is a common condition, faced by surgeons since centuries. It is a serious intra-abdominal infection (IAI), a frequently lethal condition, and continues to be one of the major problems that a surgeon has to face. Despite application of aggressive surgical techniques like irrigation with/without antibiotics, on demand reoperations, laparostomy, progress in antimicrobial agents and intensive care treatment, peritonitis continues to have a poor prognosis. Objectives: The aim of the present study was: To confirm the predictive value of MPI among the patients with intraoperative diagnosis of secondary peritonitis at the department of Surgery, S.M.H.S Hospital, Srinagar and to evaluate the severity of peritonitis on the basis of MPI. Methods: A prospective and observational study was carried out over a period of two years. A total of 172 patients were studied. Results: MPI score is strongly associated with outcome, and is an important index for predicting patient outcome in peritonitis. There was statistically significant increase in mortality with increase in MPI score, with survivors having a mean MPI of 18.0 and non-survivors having a mean score of 33.7. Peptic ulcer perforation was the most common etiology (30.81%), followed by appendicular perforation (27.33%). Small gut perforation was the next most common cause (9.88%) and gut gangrene cases amounted to 6.40%. Other etiological sources were genitourinary tract perforations (6.40%), postoperative peritonitis (5.23%), gall bladder perforation (2.33%), ruptured liver abscess (1.74%), Meckel�s diverticulum perforation (1.74%) and gastric perforation (1.16%). Mortality in our study was 13.37%, with 23 patients dying out of the 172 operated patients. Highest mortality was seen in patients with colorectal perforation and in patients with gastric perforation, followed by postoperative peritonitis. Conclusions: We conclude that the prognosis of peritonitis has improved due to application of modern surgical techniques; however a severity index is needed to be more objective. Mannheim Peritonitis Index is a useful method to predict outcome in these patients. All MPI adverse factors except for colonic origin behaved as expected. MPI is easy to calculate, does not need any laborious work, economically the cheapest for us and there is a marked difference between survivors and non-survivors.

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Perforation, Mannheim Peritonitis Index (MPI), Morbidity, prognosis, secondary Peritonitis.

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Abstract: Macronutrients are essential for the growth and good overall stage of the plants. They play a very important role in the plant growth and development. Moreover these elements must be present in the proper proportion. Their function ranges from being structural units to redox sensitive agents. The supply of boron to the plants play key role in behaviour of other macro and micro nutrients in the plant. The response of plants to boron varies with soil type, environmental conditions and plant species also. So the excess or deficiency of boron may affect the uptake and availability of other plant nutrients. The sweet Sorghum is a semi-arid crop grown as main staple food of many areas. It is also used as fodder, fuel and fertilizer. The sweet Sorghum c. v. Madhura was selected for the present investigation. In the present investigation the effect of different boron concentrations like 0 ppm (Control), 10 ppm, 50 ppm and 100 ppm on sweet Sorghum var. Madhura has been studied. The pot culture technique was used for this investigation. The objective was to identify the correct dose of boron to improve behaviour of some macronutrients in sweet Sorghum. The data was collected after the fifth day of last treatment of boron. In the present investigation, an attempt was made to study the influence of boron on the behaviour of macronutrients like N, P, K, in the sweet Sorghum cultivar Madhura. Our results clears that boron increases nitrogen in plants benefitted to nitrogen metabolism under boron stress conditions through nitrogen metabolism for the improvement of crop. The induced nitrogen content might enhance uptake of mineral elements such as P, K, Ca, Mg, Zn, Mn as indicated by Moussa (2000). The increase of P under increasing boron concentration suggests a promoted remobilization of P in Sorghum. The adaptive nature of accumulation of K+ due to boron treatments reported in c. v. Madhura, which correlates, with many earlier reports and it might be helpful to regulate metabolic activities in the c. v. Madura.

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Key Words: Influence, Boron, Nitrogen, Potassium, Phosphorus.

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