Volume 14 | Issue 1 |

 Abstract

In industrial settings, gas leaks, equipment overheating, and unlawful access into prohibited zones may cause serious accidents, equipment damage, and human lifethreatening situations. Manual monitoring of these parameters slows response time. This work presents an IOT-based Industrial Anomaly Detection and Alert System for gas leakage detection and restricted area incursion monitoring to safeguard workers and equipment. It employs IR and gas sensors. To improve safety, Machine Learning can identify dangers and categorize alerts. Microcontroller-based ML concept checks sensor data that pass the threshold range and sends an SMS to the authorized individual.Workers and equipment are protected by this system's swift response to risks. Cloud storage secures real-time sensor data from Arduino devices in industrial IoT safety solutions. It enables machine learning algorithms to easily assess and forecast gas leaks and overheating using three parameter measurement levels. Data centralization lets organizations monitor worker and equipment safety from anywhere.Integrating GPS tracking to monitor restricted areas in real time improves worker safety.

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IoT Integration with Microcontrollers, Machine Learning-Based Risk Prediction, Cloud storage.

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The rapid expansion of digital payment systems in India has positioned the Unified Payments Interface (UPI) as a key driver of financial inclusion. However, a considerable number of small street-side Nano business owners continue to rely on cash transactions. This study investigates the internal barriers that hinder UPI adoption among small business owners in Mysore, with specific emphasis on gender, awareness, perception, and attitude. Primary data were collected from 52 Nano vendors who had not adopted UPI, using structured questionnaires. Statistical tools such as descriptive analysis, chi-square tests, and regression analysis were employed to examine the relationships between selected variables. The findings reveal that awareness and attitude significantly influence the barriers to UPI adoption, indicating that limited knowledge and unfavorable mindsets play a decisive role in resistance toward digital payments. While gender does not significantly affect awareness levels, it shows a meaningful association with perception and attitude toward UPI usage. Practical challenges such as limited digital literacy, fear of fraud, lack of smart phones, and financial constraints further intensify non-adoption. The study highlights the need for targeted awareness programs, user-friendly technological solutions, and confidence-building initiatives to promote UPI usage among Nano vendors. Strengthening these areas can enhance digital payment adoption and contribute to inclusive economic participation.

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Unified Payments Interface (UPI), Nano Vendors, Digital Payment Barriers, Awareness and Attitude, Financial Inclusion

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Garbha Sharir, the Ayurvedic science of embryology, offers profound insights into human development by integrating spiritual philosophy with biological principles. Foundational texts such as Charaka Samhita, Sushruta Samhita, and Kashyapa Samhita describe the embryo as a union of Shukra (sperm), Artava (ovum), Atma (soul), and Panchamahabhuta, where each Mahabhuta plays a distinct role in shaping tissues and organs. Modern embryology, however, explains this journey through fertilization, cleavage, blastocyst formation, gastrulation, germ layer differentiation, and organogenesis at cellular and molecular levels. This paper undertakes a thematic review of classical Ayurvedic sources alongside contemporary embryological research to map these two worldviews. The findings reveal striking correlations--Akasha with cellular spaces and cavities, Vayu with movement and cleavage, Agni with metabolic and transformative processes, Jala with fluid balance and blastocyst formation, and Prithvi with structural stability of tissues. Moreover, Ayurveda's emphasis on Garbha Sanskar and maternal influence parallels modern studies on epigenetics, prenatal environment, and maternal psychology. By bridging Panchamahabhuta with modern embryogenesis, this study presents a holistic framework that not only deepens academic understanding but also highlights the relevance of Ayurveda in advancing interdisciplinary education, prenatal care, and integrative research.

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GARBHA SHARIR, AYURVEDA, EMBRYOLOGY, PANCHAMAHABHUTA, PRENATAL CARE

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Abstract Sleep disturbances are common among senior citizens and significantly affect their physical, psychological, and social well-being. Elderly individuals residing in old age homes are at increased risk of poor sleep quality due to age-related changes, chronic illnesses, environmental factors, and emotional stress. Sleep hygiene education is a simple, non-pharmacological intervention that promotes healthy sleep behaviors and improves sleep quality. The present study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of sleep hygiene education on sleep quality among senior citizens residing in selected old age homes of Rajasthan. A quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental one-group pre-test post-test research design was adopted. A total of 100 senior citizens were selected using purposive sampling technique. Data were collected using a socio-demographic questionnaire and a standardized sleep quality assessment scale. Sleep hygiene education included information on sleep routines, environmental modifications, relaxation practices, and lifestyle changes. Post-test assessment was conducted on the 7th day after the intervention. The findings revealed a significant improvement in post-test sleep quality scores compared to pre-test scores (p < 0.001), indicating the effectiveness of sleep hygiene education. The study concludes that sleep hygiene education is a safe, cost-effective, and feasible nursing intervention to enhance sleep quality among senior citizens in institutional settings.

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Sleep hygiene, sleep quality, senior citizens, old age homes, nursing intervention

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: This paper presents a post-treatment geotechnical evaluation of coastal soil improved using lime grouting. After grouting, Standard Penetration Tests (SPT) and grain size analysis were conducted to assess soil strength. The results indicate improved bearing capacity and stability, confirming the effectiveness of lime grouting.

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: Coastal Soil, Lime Grouting, SPT, Ground Improvement, Bearing Capacity

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?????? ???? ?? ???? ?? ??????? ?????, ????-????? ?? ?????????? ???????? ?? ????? ?????????? ???? ???, ????? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ????? ???, ??????? ??????? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ???? ??? ?? ?????? ?? ???????? ??????? ?????? ?? ???????? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ??????? ??????, ?????? ?? ??????, ???? ??? ????-????????, ????????? ????, ????????-??? ??? ??????? ?? ??? ??-???????? ?? ??????? ?? ???????? ???? ??? ??? ?? ??? ????? ???????? ?? ?????? ????????? ?????? (Fieldwork) ?? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ??, ??????? ???? ??? ??? ??? ??????????? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ???????? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ??? ?????????? ??? ????????????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??? ???????? ?? ??????? ??? ?????????? ????? ?? ???????????? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ??? ???????? ?? ?? ?????? ???? ?? ?? '???????' ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ??????? ???? ??? ??????? ????, ????????, ????-?????? ????, ????????? ???????? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ?????? ???? ???? ??? ?? ?? ?????? ?????????? ????? ?? ??????? ?? ????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ?? ????????? ??? ?????????? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????????? ?? ?????? ????? ???? ?? ?? ??????? ??????? ?? ?????? ??????? ?? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????????? ????? ?? ????? ????? ???????? ????

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??????, ???????, ???????, ??????? ?? ??????, ??????? ??????, ??????? ?????????? ?????

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Functional constipation is one of the most common gastrointestinal complaints in children, often associated with dietary habits, lifestyle factors, and psychological stress. In Ayurveda, this condition closely resembles Malavibandha, which primarily results from Vata dosha vitiation, impaired Agni, and dryness in the Pakvashaya. Chatuhusama Vati, a classical Ayurvedic formulation, possesses Deepana, Pachana, Anulomana, and Vata-shamana properties. This article explores the integrative (Ayurvedic & Modern) understanding of paediatric Malavibandha and elucidates the therapeutic role of Chatuhusama Vati in its management.

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Ayurveda, Integrative, Functional Constipation, Malavibandha, Chatuhusama Vati, Malawashtambha, Malavrodha

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Tribal knowledge and understanding of India in Adi folk songs

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Tribal knowledge and understanding of India in Adi folk songs

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Phosphorus availability in soil is often limited due to its presence in insoluble forms, leading to reduced plant growth and productivity. Microbial phosphate solubilization presents a sustainable strategy to enhance phosphorus availability in soil. In this study, phosphate- solubilizing fungi were isolated from soil samples and evaluated using qualitative and quantitative assays. Fourteen fungal isolates were obtained and tentatively identified based on morphological characteristics, primarily belonging to the genera Aspergillus, Penicillium, and Fusarium. Screening on Pikovskaya's agar medium revealed phosphate solubilizing activity in only two isolates, which are identified as Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus niger. Quantitative estimation in liquid medium supplemented with 0.5% tricalcium phosphate showed a time-dependent increase in soluble phosphate concentration, after seven days. Phosphate solubilization was associated with acidic pH conditions, suggesting organic acid-mediated dissolution. These findings highlight the strain-specific nature of phosphate solubilization and support the potential application of selected Aspergillus isolates in sustainable agriculture.

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Phosphate solubilizing fungi, Qualitative and Quantitative assays, Tricalcium phosphate ,Biofertilizer, Sustainable agriculture

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India, world's third-largest consumer of energy, is moving towards I a greener, sustainable energy landscape. Global climate obligations, lower dependency on fossil fuels, and the need to enhance energy security are the primary reasons for this shift. Green energy transition depends on critical minerals - key raw materials essential for the development of renewable energy technologies. Solar panels, wind turbines, electric vehicles (EVs) and energy storage systems use critical minerals. Over the past few decades, China has been the dominant country, exporting 60-70% of critical minerals to the world. This has made the world heavily dependent on China for critical minerals. To reduce dependency and aid the global supply chain, India has begun exploring these critical minerals to meet domestic and global demand as the world transitions to green energy.

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Critical Minerals, Imports, Indian Economy and Green Energy.

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