Volume 14 | Issue 1 |

 Abstract

The Tripuri (also known as Tipra or Borok) people, the largest indigenous community in Tripura, Northeast India, have a rich tradition of agriculture deeply intertwined with their cultural, spiritual, and ecological worldview. Historically, their economy revolved around jhum (shifting or slash-and-burn cultivation), a sustainable rotational system suited to the state's hilly terrain. In jhum, forested plots are selected, cleared by cutting vegetation in January, burned to enrich the soil with ashes, and cultivated with mixed crops for 1-2 years before being left fallow for regeneration, traditionally for 10-15 years, though shortened cycles due to population pressures have raised sustainability concerns. Key crops include rice (the staple), maize, cotton, sesame, vegetables (e.g., sweet potatoes, cucumbers), pulses, and oilseeds, often intercropped for biodiversity and risk mitigation. Traditional tools such as daos (knives), hoes, digging sticks, and occasionally animal-drawn ploughs are employed, reflecting a labour-intensive, community-based approach. The Tripuri are noted for transitioning earlier than other tribes to settled plough cultivation in plains, combining jhum with permanent fields for greater stability. Agriculture is not merely economic but ritualistic: festivals like Garia Puja mark sowing with prayers for bountiful harvests, while Mamita celebrates post-harvest gratitude to deities. Indigenous plant protection practices, using local herbs and natural methods, underscore eco-friendly knowledge. Despite modernization-shifting toward rubber plantations, horticulture, and cash crops-these traditions preserve agro-biodiversity, communal harmony, and resilience, though facing challenges from land scarcity and environmental changes

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 Keywords

Jhum cultivation, Indigenous Farming Systems, Tripuri Tribal Culture, Traditional Agricultural Tools, Sustainable Farming practices.

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Pharmacovigilance (PV) is an essential component of modern health care systems, aimed at ensuring the safety, quality, and rational use of medicines. Although homoeopathy is widely perceived as a gentle and safe system of medicine, adverse drug reactions (ADRs) and adverse drug events (ADEs) can occur under certain circumstances. Growing global use of homoeopathic medicines, self-medication practices, and increasing regulatory scrutiny highlight the importance of structured pharmacovigilance in this field. This review discusses the concept, scope, and relevance of pharmacovigilance in homoeopathy, differentiates homoeopathic aggravations from adverse reactions, explores documented evidence of ADRs, identifies risk factors, and outlines the benefits of PV implementation for clinical practice and public confidence.

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 Keywords

Pharmacovigilance, Homoeopathy, Adverse Drug Reactions (ADR), Adverse Drug Events (ADE), Homoeopathic Aggravation, Drug Safety, AYUSH Pharmacovigilance Programme, Rational Prescribing

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The Indian start-up ecosystem is thriving, fuelled by digitalization, a fintech boom, sustainability initiatives, and Health Tech innovation. The ecosystem is critical not only for start-ups, investors, and entrepreneurs, but also governments and large corporation's Local solutions address global challenges, supported by government initiatives and a surge in venture capital. Collaborations enhance innovation, and the rise of unicorn's signals ecosystem maturation. These trends reflect a blend of technology, entrepreneurship, and policy support, positioning Indian start-ups for global impact and exponential growth. Entrepreneurial firms are the backbone of economies and drivers of both economic development and employment. The most jobs are created by young, creative entrepreneurial businesses, which are crucial to the development and expansion of new markets, sectors, and technology. These businesses frequently require large sums of money to maintain their expansion. The significance of venture capital investors and business angels has been highlighted in entrepreneurial finance literature over the past few decades. The purpose of this study is to analyze how India has developed into the world's third-largest start-up ecosystem, how the pandemic has affected the entire ecosystem, and what are the primary development drivers and obstacles that Indian start-ups and entrepreneurs currently face.

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 Keywords

Ecosystem, Entrepreneurial Finance, Start-up Ecosystem, Economic Development

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In today's hyper-competitive FMCG landscape, packaging is no longer just a protective layer, it functions as a critical touchpoint between brands and consumers, shaping perceptions and influencing purchase intent. This study examines how packaging elements such as colour, design, shape, material and sustainability cues affect consumer buying behaviour, with special attention to urban and rural dynamics in Prayagraj and Varanasi districts of Uttar Pradesh. Drawing on both theoretical and empirical insights, the research involved a structured survey of 73 respondents (39 from Prayagraj and 34 from Varanasi), analysed using descriptive statistics, ANOVA and regression analysis through SPSS. The results reveal that rural consumers gravitate towards packaging with strong visual identifiers like logos and colour, while urban consumers show heightened preference for sustainability indicators and detailed labelling. These findings are consistent with prior studies highlighting packaging as a silent but persuasive marketing tool (Sathyanarayana & Suresh, 2017) and a key differentiator in green consumerism (Kulkarni et al., 2023). By contextualizing consumer responses to packaging within demographic realities, this study contributes to a nuanced understanding of how FMCG firms can align design strategies with consumer expectations across diverse markets.

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 Keywords

FMCG Packaging, Consumer Buying Behaviour, Urban-Rural Marketing Dynamics, Visual Packaging Cues, Sustainable Packaging, Demographic Moderators, Packaging Design Strategy and Behavioural Economics in FMCG

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The rapid expansion of digital media has significantly increased the demand for timely, accurate, and structured news content. Traditional newsroom workflows rely heavily on manual writing, editing, and verification processes, which are time-consuming and prone to human fatigue and bias. To address these limitations, this paper presents an Auto Newsroom Agent System, an intelligent multi-agent framework designed to automate the end-to-end news generation pipeline. The proposed system employs a Multi-Agent System (MAS) architecture consisting of four specialized agents: a Writer Agent based on the GPT-2 transformer model for coherent article generation, a Fact-Checker Agent utilizing a RoBERTa-based classifier for identifying potential misinformation or sensitive content, a Headline Generator Agent for concise and context-aware headline creation, and a central Editor Agent that orchestrates the overall workflow. The system accepts user-provided topics or RSS feed summaries, generates structured news articles, verifies content integrity, and stores finalized outputs in a persistent SQLite database through a Flask-based web interface. Experimental evaluation demonstrates that the system can generate complete news articles within seconds while maintaining structural consistency and basic content verification. The modular design ensures scalability and extensibility, enabling future integration of advanced fact-checking and multimedia generation components. The Auto Newsroom Agent System highlights the potential of AI-driven automation in digital journalism, offering an efficient and cost-effective solution for modern news production.

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 Keywords

Automated Journalism, Multi-Agent Systems, Natural Language Processing, GPT-2, RoBERTa, Transformer Models, News Generation, Artificial Intelligence

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Autoimmune diseases are chronic disorders in which the body's immune system mistakenly targets its own tissues, leading to persistent inflammation and progressive damage. These conditions are rising globally, with post-pandemic data revealing a surge in autoimmune markers, particularly in developing nations like India. Despite advancements in immunology and biotechnology, the complexity of autoimmunity demands an integrative and individualized approach. Ayurveda, the ancient Indian system of medicine, offers a profound understanding of immune regulation through its core concepts of Agni (digestive/metabolic fire), Ama (toxic metabolic residue), Ojas (vital immunity essence), and Vyadhikshamatva (natural disease resistance). This review explores autoimmune diseases through both biomedical and Ayurvedic lenses. Modern etiological factors such as genetic predisposition, environmental triggers, hormonal influences, and immune dysregulation are compared with Ayurvedic Nidana such as Mandagni, Ama, Dosha Prakopa, and Oja-Kshaya. The article highlights how Ayurvedic pathophysiology Dosha-Dushya Sammurchana correlate with immune hyperreactivity and tissue damage. Furthermore, a comprehensive Ayurvedic management protocol is proposed, involving Panchakarma, Rasayana Chikitsa, Achara Rasayana, and herbal immunomodulators like Ashwagandha and Guduchi. Emphasis is laid on rejuvenating Ojas, restoring Agni, and removing Ama to arrest the autoimmune cascade. Integrating classical Ayurvedic wisdom with modern diagnostics may lead to more sustainable, personalized, and holistic outcomes in managing autoimmune disorders. This article encourages further research and clinical validation of integrative therapies for long-term remission and improved quality of life in patients with autoimmunity.

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Autoimmune Disorders, Autoimmunity, Ojas, Agni, Ama, Vyadhikshamatva

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The rapid growth of artificial intelligence (AI) has significantly transformed digital marketing practices, particularly in influencer-driven platforms such as vlogs. AI-sponsored vlogs, where artificial intelligence is used to create, recommend, or promote products through virtual influencers or AI-assisted content, are increasingly shaping consumer perceptions and purchasing decisions. This study examines how consumers perceive AI-sponsored vlogs and how these perceptions influence their purchase intentions and decision-making process. The study is empirical in nature and is based on primary data collected from consumers who actively engage with vlog content on platforms such as YouTube and Instagram. Descriptive analysis has been used to interpret the data collected through structured questionnaires. The findings reveal that trust, perceived authenticity, and informational value of AI-sponsored vlogs play a crucial role in influencing consumer purchase decisions. The study concludes that AI-sponsored vlogs are emerging as an effective marketing tool, provided ethical transparency and credibility are maintained.

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 Keywords

Artificial Intelligence, AI-Sponsored Vlogs, Consumer Perception, Purchase Decision, Digital Marketing

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Ashtakatvara Taila is a classical Ayurvedic medicated oil indicated mainly in Urustambha and Vatika disorders, described in Charaka Samhita and Bhavaprakasha with variations in pharmaceutical proportions. The present study aimed to comparatively evaluate the pharmaceutical preparation of Ashtakatvara Taila as per two classical references and to develop its modified dosage form as a liniment. Two batches of Taila were prepared using Sarshapa Taila as the base, Shunti and Pippalimoola as Kalka Dravya, and Dadhi and Katvara as Drava Dravya, following standard Taila Paka procedures Charaka Samhita ( Batch A) and Bhavaprakasha (Batch B). The prepared Taila was further modified into a liniment by incorporating menthol, camphor, and eucalyptus oil. Detailed observations on temperature, duration, Sneha Siddhi Lakshanas, yield, and loss were recorded. Batch A showed a higher percentage loss of Taila compared to Batch B, whereas both liniment preparations demonstrated improved spreadability, reduced viscosity, cooling sensation, and better skin absorption. The study highlights the influence of classical proportions on pharmaceutical outcomes and supports the utility of liniment as a patient-friendly external dosage form of Ashtakatvara Taila.

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Key Words: Ashtakatvara Taila, Liniment

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1. Abstract: Background: The Construction industry is the largest hub for employment. The workers are engaged in intensive and physically demanding jobs. Tasks such as stooping, kneeling, and awkward postures cause micro traumas leading to pain amongst workers. Aim: To know the prevalence of musculoskeletal discomfort among the construction workers in Nagpur city using the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire. Methodology: 105 participants were recruited by using convenient sampling. 25-35 years was the age criteria specified. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were formed, and the assessment was done using the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire. Results and Conclusion: The results showed that the upper back was the most affected region of the body, followed by the knee and shoulder. Addressing these issues will help protect workers' well-being while also enhancing productivity and safety in the construction industry.

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Construction workers, Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire, Work-related msculoskeletal discomfort, Prevalence

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Abstract: Plug in electric and fuel cell vehicles are said to be the next generation vehicles whereas hybrid electric vehicles have already established its roots in the market. The end consumers need better fuel efficiency, drive range, cost effective without any compromise in comfort and luxury and the government bodies require independency on foreign oil, better carbon footprint and sustainability in transportation. It has also been observed that the weight of vehicles is increasing from one generation to the next generation. Heavier the vehicle more will be the fuel consumption and emission. The mass reduction of drive train components has become necessary to provide space for performance improvement of the vehicles. The advancement in the area of material technology, casting technology and use of lightweight materials has paved the way for the motor mass reduction. With the help of simulation on NREL ADVISOR small car with three dive train technology EV, HEV and FCV and conventional vehicle on three drive cycle HWFET, US06 and UDSS , this paper investigates how the performance of HEV, FCV and EV get affected and by the motor mass reduction of these vehicle while keeping other vehicle parameters unchanged.

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 Keywords

Keywords--Electric vehicle, Fuel cell vehicle, environment, emission control, vehicle performance, motor mass.

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