Volume 14 | Issue 1 |

 Abstract

Tourism, as a driver of socio-economic development, holds immense potential in the Indian state of Telangana due to its rich heritage, diverse cultures, and emerging eco-tourism destinations. However, the success and sustainability of tourism hinge on a skilled workforce that can meet evolving visitor expectations. This paper examines the landscape of skill development and training in Telangana's tourism sector, focusing on the policies, institutional frameworks, and public-private partnerships involved. Through an analytical lens and five case studies from different districts, the study explores the effectiveness of localised training programs and identifies key challenges and opportunities. Findings suggest that while targeted initiatives are helping uplift rural and tribal communities through tourism-linked employment, gaps remain in standardisation, scalability, and integration with long-term livelihoods. The study concludes with practical recommendations for enhancing training ecosystems to make tourism more inclusive and sustainable in Telangana

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Skill development in Tourism, Tourism training, Telangana, case studies, vocational education, eco-tourism, hospitality sector.

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Background: Complementary and alternative therapy is a growing area of health care. worldwide. It is defined as a "broad domain of healing resources that encompasses all health system, modalities and practices and their accompanying theories and beliefs, other than those intrinsic to the politically dominant health system of a particular society or culture in a given historical period." Complementary and alternative therapies are harmonious with many of the values of nursing. These include a view of humans as holistic beings, an emphasis on healing, recognition of the provider-patient relationship, which should be focused on health promotion and illness prevention. Both the physician and the patients have positive attitude towards complementary and alternative therapies and there has a marked increase in complementary and alternative therapies for users in India. One of the largest subgroups of complementary and alternative TheraPostgraduate Nursing student users are women in the reproductive age group and educated and employed women. Expectant mothers are keen to use complementary and alternative therapy because they provide a range of additional supporters for pregnancy and labour. It is the happiest moment for the mother when she conceives, but it become worst moment when labour pain starts & she suffers from anxiety & nervousness. There is recent development in treatment modalities, which is very helpful to the mother during labour. It helps to reduce the pain, lowers her anxiety level & makes her ready for the process of labour. These treatments are other than pharmacological modalities & known as alternative & complementary therapies. Within maternity care the use of complementary and alternative therapy is focused towards helping women to cope with discomforts of pregnancy and labour. Midwives are the professionals best placed to provide complementary and alternative therapy to pregnant, child bearing and newly delivered mothers and their babies. Thus, as primary caregivers, midwives should be aware of the range of alternative and complementary therapies that are available and should be able to advise women accordingly. Need of the study: Alternative system of medicine is the approaches to medical diagnosis and therapy that has not been developed by use of generally accepted scientific methods. Forms of alternative therapy included acupuncture, acupressure, and aromatherapy. Ayurveda, etc. Complementary and alternative therapies are increasingly used worldwide nowadays. These groups of medical therapies involve a wide variety of methods that are evolved from health related theories and practices that have been developed outside the western bio-medical model. Many traditional systems are practised by individual cultures throughout the world. All of the systems are focusing on holistic care of the client. In this era the nurses have always been concerned with the client as a whole--that is, with the holistic person--they are increasingly embracing holistic healing. Nurses are learning how to become "healing" nurses and see themselves as "healers". Now the nurses are incorporating alternative and complementary healing techniques such as Massage, Imagery, Meditation, Acupressure, Art and music therapy, Breathing exercises, Biofeedback, reflexology, and tai chi exercises, therapeutic touch, prayer, humour, and others into their practice. The care in midwifery focuses on participatory and holistic approach, that it treats birth as a natural occurrence and supports a woman's choices. This encourages and motivates the client to make wise decisions regarding their own care. Many women choose alternative and complementary therapies during their labour process. They expect that it will give a positive outcome towards their pregnancy and following childbirth. Material and method: Pre-experimental The approach was used with one group pre-test and post-test design. The study was conducted in the selected government medical college attached. Hospitals of Gujarat state the investigator used systemic random sampling techniques for selecting 40 samples. In view of the nature of the problem and accomplishment of the objectives of the study, Video-Assisted Learning on Alternative and Complementary Therapies was prepared for samples. A structure knowledge questionnaires and attitude were prepared to Assess the knowledge and attitude of samples. Content validity to the develop tools and Video Assisted Learning was established by 8 experts and necessary modification were made as suggested by them to checked reliability of the knowledge questionnaires and attitude Likert's rating scale by the test-retest method by using Karl Pearson's formula and the reliability of structured knowledge questionnaires was 0.96, and reliability of attitude was 0.86. Pre-test 01 03 Schematic diagram of one group pretest-posttest design. Key Post-test 02 X 04 Knowledge Attitude O1: Pretest knowledge of the experimental group on alternative and complementary therapies. O2 Post-test knowledge of experimental group on Alternative and Complementary Therapies O3: Pre-test attitude of experimental group on Alternative and Complementary Therapies O4 Post-test attitude of experimental group on Alternative and Complementary Therapies X Administration of video-assisted learning on Alternative and Complementary Therapies Result: Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyse the data. The mean pre-test knowledge score was 12.47, the mean a post-test knowledge score was 19.12, the mean pre-test attitude score was 58.15, and mean post-test attitude score was 71.12. calculated 't' value for Knowledge and Attitude was statistically tested using paired test, it was found significant at 0.05(t39=9.77, t39=11.79). There was moderately positive correlation between post-test knowledge and post-test attitude (0.70) at post-test Knowledge mean score (19.12) and post test attitude mean score (71.12) at 0.05 level of significance. In the association there was no significance association between pre-test knowledge score with demographic variable and there was a significant association between pre-test attitude with demographic variable. There was a significant association between pre-test attitude score and Total Clinical Experience of Samples: The calculated value of chi-square (9.37) was more than table value (7.82) and degree of freedom (3). There was a significant association between the pretest attitude score and Maternity Department Experience of Samples calculated value of chi-square (12.38) was more than the table value (7.82) and degree of freedom (3). Conclusion: There was significant increase in the knowledge and attitude of the staff nurses working in Maternity Department of the selected Government Medical College Attached Hospitals of Gujarat state after administrating of the Video Assisted Learning on Alternative and Complementary Therapies Hence, it is concluded that video-assisted learning was effective in improving the Knowledge and Attitude of the Staff Nurses Working in the maternity department in Selected Government Medical College Attached Hospitals of Gujarat state. Key words: Alternative and complimentary therapies in term of knowledge and attitude among staff nurses working in maternity department of selected government medical college attached hospitals of Gujarat state.

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Alternative and complimentary therapies in term of knowledge and attitude among staff nurses working in maternity department of selected government medical collage attached hospitals of Gujarat state.

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Miswak (Salvadora persica) is a natural chewing stick that has been used for oral hygiene for more than 1500 years. It is widely used in many parts of the world for cleaning teeth and maintaining oral health. Scientific studies show that miswak has antibacterial, antifungal, antiplaque, antioxidant, and anti-halitosis properties. It helps reduce dental plaque, bad breath, oral infections, and promotes healthy gums. Miswak also stimulates saliva flow and may protect against oral diseases. This review summarizes the traditional use, chemical constituents, extraction methods, and pharmacological activities of miswak, highlighting its importance as a safe, effective, and natural oral hygiene aid.

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Miswak; Salvadora persica; Oral hygiene; Antibacterial; Antifungal; Dental plaque

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Aim: The study aims to find the Effect of Self-Instructional Manual (SIM) regarding clinical guidelines on phototherapy among staff nurses working in paediatric unit of selected Hospitals, Problem statement: Effect of Self Instructional Manual (SIM) regarding clinical guidelines on phototherapy among staff nurses working in paediatric unit of selected Hospitals, Maharashtra. Primary objective: To find out the effect of SIM regarding clinical guidelines on phototherapy among staff nurses working in paediatric unit of selected Hospitals, Maharashtra. Secondary objective: 1. To assess the knowledge of staff nurses regarding clinical guidelines regarding phototherapy before intervention. 2. To find out the effect of SIM regarding clinical guidelines on phototherapy after intervention. 3. To find out the association between posts test knowledge score regarding clinical guidelines on phototherapy and selected demographic variables of staff nurses. Method: Pre experimental with one group pre-test post-test design use for the study. It was conducted over 110 parents by using convenient sampling technique. Result: the pre intervention demographic variables of staff nurses were more or less similar revealing common characteristics. Further, it was observed that the percentages of knowledge (47.30%) on clinical guidelines on phototherapy among staff nurses were more or less similar before intervention. However, after an intervention, the percentage of knowledge on clinical guidelines on phototherapy was significantly increased from 47.30 % to 52.70 %. There was a significant difference (p<0.0001) between pretest and post-test knowledge scores on clinical guidelines on phototherapy. However, significant association (p>0.05) was found between knowledge on selected organ donation and age, gender, years of experience, qualification (higher education), designation. Findings of the study revealed that the self-instructional manual on clinical guidelines on phototherapy as a method was effective among staff nurses working in paediatric unit selected hospitals, Maharashtra. Interpretation and conclusion: From the findings of present study, it was concluded that the pre- intervention demographic variables of staff nurses were more or less similar revealing had similar characteristics. Percentage of knowledge and the mean scores of staff nurses were more or less similar before intervention. However, after an intervention, the percentage of knowledge and the mean scores of staff nurses with clinical guidelines on phototherapy were significantly increased. There was a significant difference between pretest and post-test knowledge scores. Thus, it was concluded that the SIM on clinical guidelines on phototherapy as a method of teaching was effective among staff nurse working in pediatric unit selected hospitals, Maharashtra.

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Keywords: effectiveness, Self-Instructional manual, Staff Nurses, pediatric unit selected hospitals

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Modern learning has evolved rapidly with advancements in digital technologies, global connectivity, and learner-centred pedagogies. This research article examines the current landscape of modern learning using secondary data, including published journals, government reports, UNESCO statistics, and EdTech research. It analyses how technology-driven learning approaches influence student engagement, cognitive development, skill acquisition, and educational accessibility. The study also explores challenges such as the digital divide, teacher adaptability, cybersecurity concerns, and student well-being. Findings indicate that modern learning significantly enhances learning outcomes when used appropriately, but requires institutional support, investment, and digital literacy training. The paper concludes with recommendations for policymakers, educators, and institutions to strengthen digital learning ecosystems.

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Modern Learning, Technology in Education, E-learning, Digital Pedagogy, Educational Technology, Blended Learning, Secondary Data.

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The Status of Women in India is always a burning issue. Many speak about gender equality but still there is an existence of gender discrimination in our Country. According to recent reports women population in our country is nearly 50%. But still where equal status is not given to women. India is a nation where we worship Goddess Durga but actually women in reality are treated disrespectfully in almost in each and every scenario. When hear about Women Empowerment we will The Indian Government has taken lot of initiatives and has come out with many schemes for improvement of status of women in our country and to empower women in all aspects. This paper is purely theoretical in nature and study is focused on what are the various schemes offered by Government of India for empowerment of Women.

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Women Empowerment, Status of Women, Gender Equality, Discrimination

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Female infertility a condition characterized by the inability to conceive after regular unprotected intercourse for at least one year. Infertility is encountered as a stressful condition by couples worldwide, impacting not just their physical and mental well being but also placing financial strain on them. Infertility is a growing global concern influenced by lifestyle, environment and physiological factors1. Ayurvedic management provides a promising, cost-effective avenue for addressing infertility disorders and enhances the success rate. The Ayurvedic concept of Vandhyatva corresponds to infertility, which may arise due to abnormalities in Ritu(ovulation), Kshetra (uterus), Ambu(rasa Dhatu), Beeja(sukra & artava) 2.

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Vandhyatva, Female infertility, Panchakarma,Shodhana, Shamana.

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Introduction: Stress is a major contributor to digestive disorders, and modern research shows strong links between psychological stress, HPA axis activation, altered gut motility, dysbiosis, and serotonin imbalance. Ayurveda similarly describes how mental factors such as Chinta (worry), Bhaya (fear), and Krodha (anger) disturb Manas Dosha and weaken Agni, leading to Ama formation and digestive dysfunction. This study examines the psychosomatic relationship between stress, Manas Dosha, and Agni from both Ayurvedic and modern scientific perspectives. Aim: To explore the relationship between Stress, Mansa Dosha And Agni Objectives: 1. To study Ayurvedic concepts related to Manas Dosha, Agni and Stress 2. To analyze modern scientific mechanism of stress induced GIT Disorders. 3. To ascess therapeutic approaches for stress induced digestive disorders. Methods: Classical Ayurvedic texts including Charaka Samhita, Sushruta Samhita, and Ashtanga Hridayam were reviewed alongside scientific literature from PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar (2000- 2025). Search terms included "HPA axis stress," "gut-brain-microbiota axis," "serotonin and gut motility," and "mind-body interventions for IBS." Relevant concepts linking stress physiology, Dosha imbalance, and Agni disturbance were analyzed. Results and Discussion: Ayurvedic descriptions of stress-induced Agni disturbances (Vishamagni, Tikshnagni, Mandagni) closely parallel modern mechanisms involving cortisol elevation, sympathetic overactivity, impaired digestive secretion, dysbiosis, serotonin dysregulation, increased gut permeability, and visceral hypersensitivity. Each Dosha shows distinct stress-response patterns: Vata-Rajas with anxiety and erratic digestion, Pitta-Rajas with anger and hyperacidity, and Kapha-Tamas with depression and sluggish digestion. Modern evidence supports Ayurvedic interventions-- meditation, pranayama, yoga, Dinacharya in reducing HPA axis activation, improving vagal tone, correcting dysbiosis, and restoring Agni. Conclusion: Both Ayurveda and modern science confirm that stress is a primary factor in digestive dysfunction through its impact on Dosha balance, Agni, gut microbiota, and neuroendocrine pathways. Mind-focused Ayurvedic therapies provide effective root-cause management of stress-induced gastrointestinal disorders by restoring Manas balance and normalizing Agni. Integrating these psychophysiological insights may improve long-term outcomes in stress-related GI diseases.

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Stress, Manas Dosha, Agni, Digestive Health

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Weight estimation, Pediatric drug dosage, APLS formula, Nelson formula

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The study aims to find the Effect of structure teaching program on knowledge regarding somatoform disorder among nurses working on selected hospital. Problem statement: Effect of structure teaching program on knowledge regarding somatoform disorder among nurses working on selected hospital of the city. Primary objective: To find out the effect of STP regarding somatoform disorder among nurses working on selected hospital. Objectives: 1 To assess the existing knowledge regarding somatoform disorder among nurses working on selected hospital. 2.To determine the association between the pre-test and post-test knowledge score with somatoform disorder among nurses. 3.To assess the effectiveness of planned teaching on knowledge regarding somatoform disorder among nurses. 4.To evaluate the effectiveness of structured teaching program on knowledge regarding somatoform disorder among nurses. Methodology: Pre Experimental One group pre- test and post- test research design used for the study. It was conducted over 60 nurses by using Non probability Convenient sampling technique. Results: Pre-test score 48% of the samples had average level of knowledge score,0.0001% had good level of knowledge score. In post-test 3.07% of the sample had very good level of knowledge score and 3.07 % had excellent level of knowledge score. The difference between pre-test and post-test level of knowledge score that there was marked improvement in knowledge of staff nurses after implementation of structured teaching value is 0. 0056.Conclusion. There was marked improvement of scores. pre -test of the samples had average level of knowledge score, 0.0001% had good level of knowledge score. In post -test 0.23% of the samples had very good level of knowledge score and 3.07% had excellent level of knowledge score. The difference pre-test and post-test level of knowledge score shows that there was marked improvement in knowledge of nurses in selected hospital after implementation of structured teaching. There is significant difference between pre-test and post-test knowledge score regarding somatoform disorder among nurses working on selected hospital of the city. So researcher accepts research hypothesis H1.

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Key words: "Assess","Effectiveness","structure teaching programme", "knowledge", "somatoform disorder", Nurses", Hospitsal".

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