Volume 14 | Issue 1 |

 Abstract

ABSTRACT Virtual reality (VR) is emerging as a dynamic teaching resource in nursing, offering safe, immersive simulations that enhance learner's clinical abilities, analytical thinking and decision making skills. Through the creation of realistic healthcare environments, VR transforms theory into hands-on experiences and equips future nurses to handle the challenges of real-world clinical setting.

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Key words:Virtual reality, immersive learning, nursing education, simulation, healthcare technology

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This study explores the nature and extent of women's participation in the political processes of Timona Gram Panchayat in Dibrugarh dist, Assam. Despite constitutional provisions and local self-governance systems, women's political engagement in this rural panchayat remains limited. Traditionally, women have been confined to household roles, with limited political awareness and exposure. Although younger generations show improvement, significant gender disparities persist. The study identifies key barriers to women's political involvement, including patriarchal mindsets, limited education, economic dependence, and lack of political training. These factors often prevent women from participating meaningfully in panchayat meetings or decision-making bodies. Field-level interactions with elected women representatives, local leaders, and community members reveal that while constitutional reservations (as per Article 243(D) of the Indian constitution) have improved women's numerical presence in Panchayat Raj Institutions (PRIs), their participation often remains symbolic. It argues that true empowerment requires moving beyond quotas to ensure active and informed participation. The paper highlights the need for political capacity-building programs, awareness campaign and support networks to strengthen women's roles in grassroots democracy. Ultimately, the study contends that meaningful political participation by women is not only vital for achieving gender equality but also essential for the effective functioning of democratic institutions at the grassroots level.

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women empowerment, political participation, grassroots democracy, proxy representation

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The rapid digital transformation of the banking sector has significantly increased vulnerability to cyber-attacks, data breaches, and technology-driven financial crimes. As traditional insurance products largely focus on physical assets and fail to adequately cover intangible digital risks, cyber insurance has emerged as an essential risk-mitigation tool for banks. This study examines the rising importance of cyber insurance in the Indian banking industry by analyzing the escalation of cyber threats, regulatory requirements, and financial implications associated with cyber incidents. It also evaluates the evolving cyber insurance market in India through a comparative assessment of policy structures offered by private insurers such as HDFC Ergo and Bajaj Allianz, and highlights the considerable untapped potential due to limited involvement of public sector insurers. Additionally, the study explores the growing necessity of cyber insurance for newly consolidated Public Sector Banks, which now operate with larger digital footprints and interconnected systems. The findings reveal that cyber insurance plays a critical role in enhancing cyber resilience, ensuring business continuity, and safeguarding customer trust in an increasingly digital financial ecosystem. Overall, the research concludes that adopting comprehensive cyber insurance coverage is no longer optional but a strategic imperative for Indian banks facing escalating cyber risks and expanding digital operations.

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KEYWORDS: Cyber Insurance, Banking Sector, Cybersecurity, Data Breach, Risk Management, Digital Banking, Public Sector Banks, Cyber-attacks, Insurance Market, Regulatory Compliance, Business Continuity, Cyber Risk Mitigation.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Academic Stress, Mental Health, Emotional Intelligence, Academic Procrastination and Intermediate Students

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Kamala Markandaya's Nectar in a Sieve (1954) offers one of the most powerful depictions of the endurance, courage, and emotional complexity of a rural Indian woman. The protagonist, Rukmani, functions not only as the novel's central figure but also as its psychological nucleus. Her inner life--moulded by poverty, marriage, motherhood, grief, hope, and despair--mirrors the mental realities of numerous marginalized women living in agrarian societies. This research paper examines Rukmani primarily through psychological perspectives such as resilience theory, trauma studies, emotional stamina, identity development, and coping mechanisms in prolonged adversity. Using selected quotations from the text, the study shows how Rukmani sustains her sense of self and emotional balance amid intense socio-economic disruption. Ultimately, Markandaya presents her as a symbol of psychological fortitude, embodying the quiet, often overlooked strength of women surviving under oppressive conditions.

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Rukmani, psychological study, resilience, trauma, identity, rural woman, Markandaya, Nectar in a Sieve, emotional endurance.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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ShriLal Shukal k Rag Darbari mai Gramin Samaj ka yadharth or Vyangyay

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ShriLal Shukal k Rag Darbari mai Gramin Samaj ka yadharth or Vyangyay

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One of the world's first cultivated crops is the lentil. Legumes are a cool-season food that are important to humans. A variety of agroecological locations, including Asia, North and South America, Africa, and Oceania, grow lentils. The global output of lentils grew by 107% between 2001 and 2020, from 3.15 to 6.54 million metric tons. With 44% of the world's production, Canada is the top producer of lentils, followed by Australia and India with 18% and 8%, respectively. Typically, lentil crops are planted in the fall and harvested at moisture levels of 16-18% for green lentils and 14-16% for red lentils toward the conclusion of a very hot and dry summer. Lentils are regarded as a nutritious food since they are high in protein, complex carbs, dietary fibre, and folic acid. Numerous bioactive phytochemicals, including flavonoids, total phenolics, phytate, saponins, and tannins, are also found in lentils. An overview of lentil production and trade, consumption patterns, nutritional profile, health advantages, and the contribution of lentil production to environmental sustainability is given in this review article.

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Lentil, Health Benefits, Functional Food, Bioactive Compound, Antioxidant

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Water scarcity is a critical global challenge, particularly in arid and semi-arid regions where conventional water resources are inadequate to meet growing demands. Atmospheric Water Harvesting (AWH) has emerged as a promising alternative water source by extracting moisture directly from ambient air. Among various AWH techniques, adsorption-based atmospheric water harvesting has gained increasing attention due to its ability to operate under low relative humidity conditions and its potential for energy-efficient operation. This paper presents a comprehensive review of adsorption-based atmospheric water harvesting systems with a focus on working principles, adsorbent materials, system configurations, and performance parameters. Various solid adsorbents such as silica gel, zeolites, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), and composite materials are discussed with respect to water uptake capacity, regeneration temperature, and operational feasibility in arid climates. The advantages and limitations of adsorption-based systems are critically analyzed and compared with conventional condensation-based water harvesting methods. In addition, recent advancements, sustainability aspects, and challenges related to material cost, regeneration energy, and system scalability are highlighted. The study identifies key research gaps and emphasizes the need for low-cost, environmentally friendly adsorbents and passive or solar-driven regeneration techniques. This review aims to provide a consolidated understanding of adsorption-based AWH systems and serve as a reference for future research and practical implementation in water-stressed regions.

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Atmospheric Water Harvesting, Adsorption Technology, Arid Regions, Water Scarcity, Adsorbent Materials, Sustainable Water Resources.

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Abstract Regional political parties constitute a crucial yet underappreciated component of India's federal political system, particularly in peripheral and ethnically diverse states such as Arunachal Pradesh. This article examines the historical evolution, political functions, and contemporary relevance of regional political parties in shaping the state politics of Arunachal Pradesh. By situating the analysis within theoretical frameworks of federalism, regionalism, and identity politics, the study explores how parties such as the People's Party of Arunachal (PPA) and Arunachal Congress (AC) have influenced governance, leadership formation, electoral competition, and centre-state relations. The article argues that although national political parties have increasingly dominated electoral outcomes in Arunachal Pradesh, regional parties continue to play a vital intermediary role by articulating sub-national interests, enabling elite mobility, and mediating political stability. The study contributes to the broader literature on Indian party systems by highlighting how regional parties in frontier states shape democratic representation beyond electoral dominance.

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Keywords: Regional Political Parties, Arunachal Pradesh, Indian Federalism, Northeast India, Ethnic Politics, State Politics

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This study examines the Bharatiya Janata Party's (BJP) centralised Chief Minister selection strategy and its implications for state governance, party institutionalisation, and democratic accountability in India. Drawing on party organisation theory, principal-agent frameworks, and federalism literature, the paper analyses six BJP-ruled states--Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Gujarat, Uttar Pradesh, Odisha, and Himachal Pradesh--between 2014 and 2024. Findings reveal that the BJP prioritises organisational loyalty, ideological alignment, and central control over regional charisma or mass-based leadership, often replacing popular Chief Ministers post-election to maintain high-command authority. Comparative analysis demonstrates that centralisation enhances national electoral efficiency, narrative coherence, and governance coordination, while simultaneously reducing state-level political autonomy, weakening intra-party democracy, and creating risks of bureaucratic dominance and voter disengagement. The paper further highlights how this strategy contributes to the presidentialisation of Indian politics and raises normative concerns regarding democratic backsliding. By integrating empirical case studies with theoretical insights, the study provides a comprehensive understanding of how centralised leadership selection functions as both a tool of electoral optimisation and a potential challenge to the long-term institutional and democratic health of India's federal system.

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BJP, Chief Minister selection, centralised leadership, federalism, party organisation, democratic accountability, India.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition