Volume 9 | Issue 1 |

 Abstract

Natural Language Processing is a branch of artificial intelligence in which computational techniques are used to understand human languages in smart and useful way. Translation is a process through which historical scripts can be given to modern world. When compare with traditional language translation techniques, computational translation process makes it more convenient and can retrieve accurate results. Artificial Intelligence has significance in the area of linguistics. It helps to build a model for efficient and easier translation process. It makes scientific study of a language with its structure including grammar and syntax. Given study explores how Artificial Intelligence based computational techniques are helpful in natural language translation process by highlighting existing translation techniques in machine learning area and the process of developing new model. It also elaborates challenges in translation process.

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 Keywords

Artificial Intelligence, Machine Translation, Natural Language Processing, Linguistics.

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Natural Killer cells (NK Cells) act as the first line of defense against viral propagation. Being key players of innate immunity, they help in controlling viral propagation. In the ongoing COVID 19 pandemic scenario,Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus2 [SARS COV-2] is known to infect humans. Following infection, viral replication machinery in order to maintain functional integrity, tweaks the host immune system in its favor. Even though the molecular tinkering might not completely render the virus immune-proof to the host immune system, but buys time to allow its multiplication and spread. SARS-COV-2 infected patients develop severe and uncontrolled immune response. This is associated with increase in several cytokines and migration of immune cells to the affected area. NK Cells of innate immunity are known to be attracted towards and kill an infected cell without much antigenic specificity.SARS COV2 evades first line-of-defense by inactivating NK Cells. The Spike Protein1 (SP-1) on the virus when presented by HLA-E, interacts with the inhibitory receptor CD94/NKG2A on NK cells to inactivate it, preventing destruction of the infected cells. Crosstalk between innate and adaptive immunity is also prevented as active NK cell stimulates TH1 (T-helper 1) cells expansion via induction of IL-12 by macrophage. Therapeutic intervention with NK cells in hyper-activated inflammatory COVID patient might be a significant strategy. The CD94/NKG2A receptor [C type lectin receptor that recognize carbohydrate moiety] can be used as a plausible target for carbohydrate moieties(of the virus) ,thereby preventing interaction with HLA-E and thus switching off inhibitory signals. Antibody dependent cell mediated cytotoxicity may also be a probable way. In this case, mAb(monoclonal antibodies) designed against SP1 protein can be produced; Fab of the mAb region binds to displayed SP-1 peptide by HLA-E ,and Fc region of the mAb binds to CD16A on NK cells and destroy the infected cell.

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SARS-CoV-2, NK cells, HLA-E, CD94/NKG2A receptor

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Background: - Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is the most common cause of vaginal discharge among women in reproductive age. BV is associated with alteration of normal vaginal flora. BV is a sexually associated condition. It is characterized by increase in vaginal pH and presence of vaginal lactobacilli, Gardnerella vaginalis and Mobiluncus. BV is of special public health concern in India because of the high burden of reproductive and pregnancy related morbidity. High co-infection rates with sexually transmitted infections (STI) can increase the possibility of BV. BV can also increase the risk of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). Pregnant female with BV can also increase the risk of preterm labour, premature rupture of membranes, chorioamnionitis and postpartum endometritis. Methods: - A total of 250 samples of vaginal fluid samples were coming to departmental laboratory of Department of microbiology of the patients attending OPD Gynaecology and Obstetrics department of Santosh Medical College & Hospital, Ghaziabad in one year. High vaginal swab samples were taken from females were whiff test, gram stained, BV Blue test & RT-PCR were done. Diagnosed on the basis of Amsel�s criteria, Nugent scoring, BV Blue test & RT-PCR for bacterial vaginosis. Results: - Prevalence of BV were 66.8%. According to various tests it was found that Amsel�s criteria shows 74%, Nugent scoring showed 66.8%, BV Blue test showed 68.8% & RT-PCR showed 66.8% bacterial vaginosis positive. Conclusion: - Bacterial vaginosis can be considered a health problem among females. As Nugent scoring was considered as the gold standard method for diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis. As concluded that RT-PCR test, Amsel�s criteria and Nugent scoring test are most sensitive and specific.

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Bacterial Vaginosis

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Library is a store house of knowledge which collects preserves and distributes information or reading materials such as books, periodicals, journals, reports, theses, CD, DVD, microfilm, microfiche, newspapers etc. to its users. Library staffs have to spend most of the valuable time in circulation and shelving of reading materials which is a cumbersome task for them. Besides, book stealing is a common occurrence in a library. So library security is a big challenge for the authority. Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology gives proper solutions to overcome these kinds of problems. This paper concentrates on application of RFID technology in libraries, its components, benefits and issues related to use of RFID in libraries and information centers.

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RFID, Radio Frequency Identification, Library Automation, RFID Components, Inventory Management, Library Management, Library Security, Tag, Theft detection

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The performance of fuel cell depends on the various design and operating parameters. The Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) performance depends on the operating like operating temperature, pressure, stoichiometric ratio of hydrogen and oxygen and design parameters like landing width to channel width ratio (L:C), the shape of the flow channel and the number of passes in the flow channel. In this work, single pass interdigitated flow channel of 16 cm2 (4cm x 4cm) active area model has been designed using Creo software and it has been analyzed using CFD fluent software. The power density has been calculated for L:C - 2:2 with the effect of various operating temperature (303, 313,323 and 333K), constant pressure of 2 bar and constant inlet reactant mass flow rate of the PEMFC has been considered.

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PEMFC; design parameters; operating parameters; landing to channel width ratio; CFD; interdigitated flow channel.

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Introduction: Alcohol consumption is widely gaining attention owing to its potential for addiction and health implications. There is a high pervasiveness of alcoholism in Pondicherry, Union Territory, India. Alcohol misuse leads to numerous social, economic, and health problems. Besides, motor vehicle accidents, dementia, depression, homicide, and suicide are alcohol use disorders. A significant block to recovery from alcoholism is substantial alcohol craving and its chronic relapsing nature. Aim: To study brief and daily adjuvant yoga therapy's effects on craving in patients undergoing an alcohol de-addiction program at de-addiction clinic, department of Psychiatry, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College & Research Institute (MGMC&RI) in Pondicherry. Settings and design: 71 male patients undergoing an alcohol de-addiction program were recruited as subjects and randomly divided into Group A, who received Yoga therapy as per the CYTER protocol for a minimum of 7 daily sessions of 1.5 hours each session, daily counseling, warm-ups (Jathis) and standard medication, and Group B, who only received standard medical management. Methods and materials: Alcohol Craving Questionnaire (ACQ SF-R) was administered to all patients before and after the intervention. Statistical analysis used: Statistical analysis was carried out using JASP-0.9.2.0 software. Wilcoxon test was performed for intragroup comparisons, and the Mann-Whitney test was performed for intergroup comparison to arrive at the p values. Results: The scores in the intergroup comparisons were as follows: Craving-Compulsivity (p=0.0892), Craving-Expectancy (p=0.0069), Craving-Purposefulness (p<0.0001), Craving-Emotionality (p=0.0126), Craving-General craving (p<0.0001). Whereas, in the intragroup comparisons, the scores were as follows: Craving-Compulsivity (p<0.001), Craving-Expectancy (p<0.001), Craving-Purposefulness (p<0.001), Craving-Emotionality (p<0.001), Craving-General craving (p<0.001) Conclusion: The present study supports previous studies on benefits of Yoga and concludes that yoga therapy helps in managing craving levels of patients of Alcohol Dependence Syndrome (ADS).

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addiction, craving, Hatha Yoga, ADS, alcohol

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This Paper Deals With The Online Classes in the present scenario and its impact on the student community at large

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Online Class, Presence,Covid Era

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Perceived stress is the feelings or thoughts that an individual has about how much stress they are under at a given point in time or over a given time period (Philips.A.C,2013). The World Health Organisation defines Covid-19 pandemic as an infectious disease caused by a newly discovered coronavirus called SARS-CoV-2(severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2). 'CO' stands for corona, 'VI' for virus, and 'D' for disease (World Health Organisation, 2020).The study aimed to find the perceived stress among students during Covid-19 pandemic based on gender.The sample included a total of 80 students within the age group 16-23 years. 40 males and 40 females were selected using purposive sampling technique.The perceived stress scale (cohen,1983) was used for data collection.The data was analysed using mean,standard deviation and independent sample t-test.From the results it was clear that the perceived stress is almost same among male and female students and there is no significant difference in the perceived stress among students across gender.

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Perceived stress,Covid-19

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In this study, the design of Microcontroller based Speed dependent automatic braking system is described, The device detect obstacles in front of it and after measuring the distance and comparing it with the speed of the vehicles apply the brakes and stop the vehicles within safe distance to avoid collision. The designed system specifically makes use of microcontroller which can operate with use of minimal power, with such low power current consumption, it should be possible for system to work longer before needing to change power source (Battery), More devices rely on complex circuitry design which practically use more ower and are costly.

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Microcontroller Based, automatic brake, sensor application, 8085

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Natural herbs have always been a part of Indian tradition as well as in developing countries around the world. Several studies using herbal extracts have shown significant potential as psychotherapeutics and psychiatric pharmaceuticals. One such herbal drug is Tulsi, which is indigenous to the Indian subcontinent and vastly used in Ayurveda and Siddha medical systems. Invitro studies have been performed to determine the adaptogenic, anti-inflammatory, cardioprotective, antimicrobial and immunomodulatory effects though clinical efficacy and safety studies are still underway. An extensive literature review was performed to identify the possible effects of Tulsi on the CNS. Recent research has been carried out on Tulsi for its CNS effects including anti-stress, anti-Alzheimer, anti-depressant, anti-anxiety, anti-epileptic, anti-oxidant activity. Databases included in this article involved articles from books, theses, electronic databases Google Scholar, Medline, PubMed, Science Direct, and Indian Medical databases from the past five years of research. All the studies have reported favourable outcomes with very few adverse effects reports. Further studies are yet to be carried out to determine its exact mechanisms, dosage forms and to identify which type of population is more likely to avail the therapeutic benefits of Tulsi. This review has identified and compiled the traditional herbal approach of utilizing Tulsi in CNS disorders.

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 Keywords

Introduction,Taxonomy,Botanical description,Cultivation,pharmacological implementation.

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