Volume 6 | Issue 1 |

 Abstract

Abstract: The reduction of IC Engine fuel consumption by improved combustion using the modified new designs to increase its performance and optimize the existing designs is implemented. Air flow in CI Engine has effects in the atomization and dispersion of fuel flown into the manifold. The improved atomization of fuel injected allows for progressive and complete burning which helps in reducing the Knock. A four stroke CI Engine with 8 Horse Power is chosen for the current work to explore the performance characteristics. The swirl flow movement of the air is a major parameter in the optimization of the engine performance. In order to improve the air flow in the inlet manifold use of Convergent- Divergent Nozzle to Increase the velocity and turbulence at the end of the manifold. Finally nozzle provides better combustion of the injected fuel. The performance parameters were observed and compared with normal nozzle. It is noticed that at all loads mechanical efficiency gradually increases BSFC reduces. At higher load break power and indicated power also improves. Hence it is concluded that by using Convergent Divergent nozzle gives better results compared with normal manifold

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 Keywords

FOUR STROKE DIESEL ENGINE,NOZZLE

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This paper deals with a natural draft wet-cooling tower with various inlet conditions. A commercial code FLUENT has been used to simulate the transport phenomena inside the tower. In this a 50 tons cooling capacity model has been taken as reference model. The developed model is analyzed with two air flow rates in vertical direction and by combining air inlet temperature and water inlet temperature. The developed model has been updated and the height of the water inlet is increased from the basin height and the same analysis is done by using the two flowrates of air and water into the system. It is observed that the temperature and humidity inside the tower are the main influence factors on the performance of cooling tower. It is also observed that due to increase in height to an optimum condition the performance of the cooling tower is increased and further increase in the height decreased its performance. Analysis shown that due to temperature of fluid inlet, cooling capacity of the tower has been improved with increase in air airflow rate when compared with natural aspirated air. A turbulence model of k-? with energy equation is used for simulation

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 Keywords

Cooling tower, CFD, FLUENT

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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With the advent of more Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEV) on the market, the use and integration of solar electric components in this sector is increasing. Two areas of providing electrical energy into a PHEV are now being exploited, photovoltaic (PV) systems on the vehicle themselves and common to the parking structures used by these vehicles

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 Keywords

Phev, solar roof, solar car port, solar parking structure, solar sun roof

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In this project, we are using the concept of "Zeer Pot Refrigeration" Technique for Air cooling. Air cooling is a method of dissipating heat from the system. It works by making the air to flow over the surface area of the cooled object. This cooling effect can be increased by having an increased flow of air over its surface. In all the cases air has to be flown over the object or surface from which is cooler than the air flown. The air has been cooled by chilled water and the heat transferred to that medium is transported outside where, often, fan driven water-to-air heat exchanging is again affected to reject the heat into atmosphere. Ambient temperature simply means ?The temperature of surrounding" and will be same as room temperature indoors. Refrigeration is the process of removal of heat from space where it is unwanted and transferring the same to the surrounding environment where it makes little or no difference. Zeer Pot is an evaporating cooling refrigeration device which does not use temperature. The rate of cooling depends upon outside temperature and relative humidity. In this project, we are combining the concept of Zeer Pot refrigeration and the air cooler. By using secondary liquid in the Zeer Pot and circulating in a copper pipe over the fan by which it absorbs heat from the closed system. Cooling depends upon the difference in the ambient temperature and the secondary liquid temperature. Then the Zeer pot full of water is used to cool the water flowing through it back to fan and it blow cool air. Various parameters that affect the cooling rate are ambient.

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 Keywords

Air Cooling, Zeer Pot Refrigeration, Porous Evaporation, Refrigeration, Lower Power consumption

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 Abstract

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Wind turbine, wind velocity, CFD

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Four stroke Diesel cycle and Otto cycle engines have very low thermal efficiency due to high amount of energy is lost in exhaust. It is estimated about 28%of fuel energy is lost in exhaust of engine and 22%of cooling lost .Remaining percent of energy of the fuel about 50 % of energy gets converted in to work. The development of new engine is proposed to use the energy of exhaust and also cooling of the engine in two more strokes of IC engine leading to a external engine. The internal combustion engines are generally a major source of air pollution. However the spark ignition engines are recognized by their carbon monoxide and unburned hydrocarbon emission. One of the methods used to reduce the emission of these pollutants is the use of external combustion engine. This paper describes the development of an external combustion engine which uses air in tanks at pressures of 30 - 50 ?P? and at ambient temperature as combustion energy carrier, and hydrogen, alcohols or traditional motor fuel from organic minerals as chemical energy carrier. Research workings out are in the field finished to level of practical use. The mathematical and simulation model has been developed, tested, and verified to simulate a 4-stroke cycle of a spark ignition engine fuelled with gasoline

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Combined, High efficiency, I. C. Engine, Steam engine, six stroke engine

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An attempt is made to obtain the minimum temperature and pressure and to study the variation of velocity and entropy. In our present research a model of high speed rotating turbine is created with blade angle 150 and later which is simulated for results by using two different fluids i.e., oxygen and nitrogen. Here, creo element/pro-E is used to create the model of turbine using available data of hub, shroud and blade profile. ANSYS FLUENT 14.5 is used to mesh the model, to specify the simulation settings and physical parameters required to describe the flow through turbo expander at inlet and to examining and analyzing the output results. Using these results we can determine that how the variation will occur by using various fluids. Various graphs are plotted indicating the variation of velocity, entropy and mass flow rate to analyze the flow through Expansion turbine.

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Radial turbine, Blade angle 150, Pro-e, Ansys Fluent 14.5

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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SOLEKSHAW indicates the meaning as SOLAR-ELECTRIC-AUTO RICKSHAW. In the busy streets of cities, mainly in Asian subcontinent, we find many tricycles and auto rickshaws. Auto rickshaws are driven by fossil fuel, which produces too much environment pollution. On the other hand tricycles or cycle rickshaws are used to carry two no of passengers and suitable for narrow streets at a speed below 20 Km/hr. Since it is not using any kind of fossil fuel, it is free from environmental pollution. But it is driven fully by manual power, which is a very strenuous job for driver. Now-a-days considering the climatic changes caused by environmental pollution, introduction of green vehicles has become very important. Especially in busy streets of cities, pollution is at alarmingly high levels due to very slow movement of automotive vehicles. Keeping this in mind, introduction of Solar Powered Motor assisted pedicab has been thought to be a wise prerogative, mainly in the busy and narrow streets of cities.

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 Keywords

Tricycle, Auto rickshaw, pedicab, Photo-voltaic, Reliable, Light-pipes, Transmission system, DC Motor

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In this paper, an attempt is made to deposit microcrystalline diamond films by Hot Filament Chemical Vapour Deposition (HFCVD) method on Co-cemented tungsten carbide cutting inserts. To restrict the catalytic effect of cobalt binder phase for the formation of non-diamond carbon phases such as graphite and improve the adhesion between diamond and WC, inserts were pretreated with combined HCL and HNO3 solution. Seeding of the substrates was followed separately with Ti, Mo, W and diamond powders. Depositions were done at a pressure of 2.666 kPa, substrate temperature of 7000C, and filament temperature of 21000C with constant CH4 / H2 flow ratio of 0.5 / 100 SCCM. Characterization and purity (sp3 / sp2) of the acquired coatings have been evaluated by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Raman Spectroscopy. It is observed that there was no improvement in coating morphology when the treated samples were seeded with Ti, Mo or W powders. These results suggested that a continuous diamond film with well facet morphology is deposited with acid treated sample surface seeded with diamond powder. During dry machining, compare to uncoated tool, HFCVD diamond coated tool exhibits remarkable inertness towards aluminium leading to substantial reduction of cutting force and improved work-piece surface finish.

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 Keywords

HFCVD diamond, Morphology, Nucleation, Coating, Machining

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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This paper emphasizes on PV cell fed 3- Level Full MOSFET which works using P&O MPPTtechnique and comprises super junction MOSFETs. This proposed Multilevel Inverteris used to feed singlephase Induction motor drive which serves for rural pumping applications. Generally in a standalone system, the PV unit will charge the battery and the battery set up in turn will serve as a source for the inverter. A new single stage battery-less power conversion is employed by designing a maximum power point tracker (MPPT). Reduction in switching losses is achieved by using an improved 3- level full MOSFET inverter topology

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 Keywords

MOSFET Inverter, Multi-level, Flying capacitor, Soft-switching, Photovoltaic cell, MPPT

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition