Volume 6 | Issue 1 |

 Abstract

Graphs are very powerful tools for describing many problems and structures in image processing. But graphs only describe some binary relations and are not always sufficient for modeling some complex problems or data. In order to overcome these difficulties and to provide a more viable tool for processing images by taking into account the topological and geometrical aspects of an image, combinatorial or hypergraph model is proposed. A relatively new class of algorithm termed combinatorial algorithm relies on approach to image processing. Combinatorics refers to arranging the elements into sub sets. This project aims three applications in particular to Denoising of Image, Image compression and Image Edge detection using combinatorial analysis. First the image can be converted into Hypergraph model by using Image Adaptive Neighborhood Hypergraph (IANH) model then this model can be used for different applications of image processing. Impulse noise is detected by analysing unit cardinality pixels in IANH model, that can be removed by different traditional methods and comparing PSNR and BER of these methods. In this project relates to a new method for lossless image compression, based on combinatorial (Hypergraph) analysis HGLC (Hyper Graph Lossless Compression). First the image can be represented into Hypergraph model by using IANH model. Then it can be modeled into number of rectangles to remove redundant data using algorithm to compress the image.

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 Keywords

Image compression, lossy, Lossless ,Image restoration,Hypergraph

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Federal Communications Commission (FCC) has allotted a bandwidth of 7.5GHz (from 3.1GHz to 10.6GHz) for ultra wideband (UWB) wireless communications, UWB is rapidly advancing as a high data rate wireless communication technology. In this paper requirements for the Ultra-wideband antennas for wireless system are discussed UWB applications are becoming very popular because of reliability, security and high speed data transmission over smaller distances. In these applications it is very much essential to have small size printed antennas for transmitting and receiving of UWB signals. The research into UWB transient antennas has also made significant contributions to the development and improvement of wideband continuous wave (CW) antenna designs. However, designing small size printed antennas with good performance is quite a challenging task.This paper gives a state of art on covering the areas of UWB fundamentals, antenna theory, and it focuses on UWB planar printed circuit board (PCB) antenna design and analysis. It also presents a summary of key UWB antenna concepts, as well as system and network considerations, and fundamental limits for UWB antennas. These antennas can be used in many applications like 4G, wireless body area networks, spectrum sensing in cognitive radio, wireless telemetry, telemedicine and RF energy harvesting. GPR, MIMO, wireless personal networks, wireless sensor networks and so on.

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 Keywords

UWB, Wireless communications, Slot antenna, Monopole antenna, PCB antennas,Ultra-wideband antennas for wireless system

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

e-Health; m-Health; RFID; Healthcare; Body sensor; Cloud storage; Remote monitoring

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

In remote correspondence, idea of parallel transmission of images is connected to accomplish high throughput and better transmission quality. Orthogonal Recurrence Division Multiplexing (OFDM) is one of the methods for parallel transmission. The possibility of OFDM is to part the aggregate transmission transfer speed into various orthogonal subcarriers all together to transmit the images utilizing these subcarriers in parallel. In this paper, proposed OFDM framework configuration is reproduced utilizing MATLAB simulink tool stash. The computerized adjustment plans for example, M-PSK (M-array Stage Move Keying) and M-QAM (M-array Quadrature Plentifulness Adjustment), which give method for parallel transmission, are contrasted with investigate the BER execution of outlined OFDM framework. Specified plans utilized as a part of OFDM framework can be chosen on the premise of the necessity of energy or range effectiveness and BER examination

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 Keywords

OFDM;MATLAB Simulink;M-PSK;M-QAM;BER

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Vehicle Tracking, Fuel level Indicator, Microcontroller, GPS, GSM

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

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 Keywords

Pulse rate, Pulse detection sensor probe, Mobile application

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

In this paper, we analyze existing phase frequency detectors from aspects of theoretical analysis and circuit operation. Based on the circuit architecture, both classifications and comparisons are made. Then we propose a phase frequency detector for PLL design. The proposed phase frequency detector is simple in its structure and has no glitch output as well as better phase characteristics. Several prior art phase frequency detectors with the proposed one are compared for phase sensitivity, dead zone characteristics and maximum operation frequency. The proposed phase frequency detector shows satisfactory circuit performance with higher operation frequency, lower phase jitter and smaller circuit complexity. The speed of the proposed phase frequency detector is up to 3.5GHz. Moreover, the circuit design of a GHz PLL has been completed including high speed VCO, charge pump and phase frequency detector with an external loop filter.

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 Keywords

Phase Locked Loop, Analog Phase Detector, Digital Phase Detector, Phase Detector, Voltage Controlled Oscillator, Simulation Results.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Here a framework has been proposed that peruses the content experienced in regular scenes with the mean to give help to the visually impaired people. This paper portrays the framework plan and assesses a few character extraction techniques. Programmed content acknowledgment from normal pictures gets a developing consideration due to potential applications in picture recovery, mechanical autonomy and clever transport framework. Camera-based archive examination turns into a genuine plausibility with the expanding determination and accessibility of advanced cameras. Notwithstanding, on account of a visually impaired individual, finding the content is the primary imperative issue that must be tended to, in light of the fact that it can't be expected that the obtained picture contains just characters. At to start with, our framework tries to discover in the picture regions with little characters. At that point it zooms into the discovered regions to retake higher determination pictures vital for character acknowledgment. In the present paper, It has been proposed four character-extraction techniques in light of associated segments. The execution of the diverse techniques relies upon character measure. In the information, greater characters are more common and the best extraction technique turns out to be the succession: Sobel edge discovery, Otsu binarization, connected component extraction and rule-based connected component filtering.

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 Keywords

Sobel edge discovery, Otsu binarization, connected component extraction and rule-based connected component filtering.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

MRI images form an essential part in the diagnosis and treatment process in medical field. Due to the magnetic field, which is the core operation procedure of MRI, there is a commotion in the acquisition and processing of the image in the form of noise. The diagnosis of the disease cannot be properly done owing to the noise present in the image which will hinder its path of accuracy. In this paper, we present an edge detection method using morphological gradient and type 1 fuzzy systems. These are found to be effective both on noisy and noiseless images and perform better than the conventional edge techniques like sobel, prewitt etc. The analyzing process is done using PFOM and PSNR parameters.

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 Keywords

PFOM, PSNR

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Bluetooth ,Bluecore, Bluelab 2.7,Casira(SDK)

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition