Volume 14 | Issue 1 |

 Abstract

Peptic ulcer disease remains a major global health concern, traditionally treated with synthetic drugs such as proton pump inhibitors, H2-receptor antagonists, antacids, and antibiotic regimens for H. pylori. Although effective, these therapies face challenges including drug resistance, adverse effects, and high recurrence rates. Recent research highlights a significant shift toward natural and alternative approaches, including plant-derived phytochemicals, probiotics, flavonoids, honey, and polyphenol-rich diets, which offer cytoprotective, antioxidant, and antimicrobial benefits with fewer side effects

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: Anti-ulcer therapy; Peptic ulcer disease; Helicobacter pylori; Proton pump inhibitors; Natural remedies; Gastroprotective agents; Nanotechnology-based formulations.

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Evidence-Based Policy Making (EBPM) emphasizes the use of systematic evidence to design, implement, and evaluate public policies. Statistics plays a foundational role in EBPM by enabling data collection, analysis, interpretation, and inference that inform rational decision-making. This conceptual research paper explores the theoretical foundations, methodological contributions, applications, challenges, and future directions of statistics in evidence-based policy making. It synthesizes existing conceptual literature to highlight how statistical reasoning strengthens policy credibility, accountability, and effectiveness across sectors such as health, education, economics, environment, and governance.

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Evidence-Based Policy Making, Statistics, Data Analysis, Public Policy, Decision Making

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Challenges of SC/ST women presidents of Gram Panchayats

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Challenges of SC/ST women presidents of Gram Panchayats

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Internet Shutdown and Democratic governance in India Abstract The Internet has become an indispensable part of our daily life in the World of 21st century. Anything happening in our world can be related to the internet, whether it is development, education, marketing, business, healthcare, etc. India is the largest democracy in the world which is known for its diverse culture and tradition. The constitution of India gives fundamental and human rights regarding free speech, freedom of the media, freedom of expression, Right to information, etc. which signifies features of democratic government. But, sometimes, the government ends up deliberately blocking the use of the internet by the citizens to maintain law and order and stop the spread of hate speech in case of an ethnic crisis or any other issues. The problem arises is that India witnessed 84 internet shutdowns in 2024 which is the 2nd highest in the world. Internet shutdown is an intentional disruption of internet communications for a specific population or within a location for any time of duration of time often to exert control over the flow of information. On this note, this paper is an attempt to explore the impacts of internet shutdown to the common people as well as the student communities of Manipur. The study used both primary and secondary sources. This paper uses a qualitative method based on a questionnaire and semi-structured interviews. The people of Manipur experienced various episodes of internet shutdown as ethnic conflict is still going on. This article talks about the direct and indirect impact of the internet shutdown on the student community of Manipur. The study finds that an Internet shutdown is a direct violation of the right to life and other fundamental rights. It impacts directly and indirectly on healthcare, the economy, business, education, and many other areas. The study recommends that internet shutdowns should be a last resort while keeping in mind the welfare of common people and should be kept minimal. Keywords- Internet, Shutdown, Governance, Democracy, Corresponding Author- Laishram Pratima Chanu Senior research Fellow Political Science Department Manipur university laishrampratimachanu@gmail.com 9774244571

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Internet, shutdown, Democracy, Governance, India

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The study was designed to compare the general adjustment and social attitudes of working and non-working women, for this 100 working and 100 non-working urban married women of Muzaffarpur District comparable in age, education and family income were interviewed. The responses of the two groups of women were recorded by the investigator using a General Adjustment Inventory and an opinion Poll schedule. The analysis of the data revealed that working women are less adjusted in life but are more liberal than non-working women with respect to some social issues related to women.

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Working & Non-Working women, Adjustment, Attitudes, Social Issues.

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This paper offers a critical study of the character of Savita in Hachuk Khurio (1987), a notable Kokborok novel by Sudhanwa Debbarma with the aim of understanding how characterisation functions as a medium for representing social reality and cultural ethics within the Tiprasa community of Tripura. The study situates the novel within the broader tradition of Kokborok literature, tracing its roots from oral culture to the emergence of the novel as a significant literary form. By focusing on Savita's life journey from her upbringing in a traditional rural household to her role as a wife and mother the paper examines how emotional restraint, familial duty and moral discipline shape female identity in indigenous society. Savita's character is analysed as a realistic and culturally grounded representation of womanhood, where personal desires are negotiated within social expectations rather than expressed through overt rebellion. The paper highlights how Sudhanwa Debbarma employs subtle narrative techniques to portray gender roles, emotional maturity and cultural continuity without dramatization. Through close reading and contextual analysis, the study demonstrates that Savita is not merely a supporting character but a thematic anchor through whom the novel articulates ideals of responsibility, sacrifice and fulfillment. Ultimately, the paper argues that Hachuk Khurio uses character-centred narration to preserve indigenous values while offering a nuanced portrayal of women's lived experiences in rural Tripura, thereby contributing significantly to the literary and cultural discourse of Kokborok fiction.

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Language, Kokborok, Literature, Novels, Characteritics.

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Enhancing Remote Employee Well-Being: Real-Time AI Micro-Expression Analysis for Engagement and Burnout Prediction Tanvi Verma1 and Dr. Pratap Singh Lodhi* 1 Student, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Quantum University, Roorkee, India. * Assistant Professor, Computer Science and Engineering, Quantum University, Roorkee, India. Abstract--Have you ever wondered how well employees stay engaged during remote meetings or if signs of stress go unnoticed in virtual work environments? As remote work grows more common, tracking engagement and spotting early signs of burnout have become major challenges for organizations. Traditional methods like surveys and self-reports often arrive late, are based on personal views, and fail to capture the quick emotional signs that show true engagement or stress. This study offers a real-time, AI-assisted framework that analyzes employee micro-expressions, which are brief, involuntary facial movements lasting fractions of a second, during virtual meetings. This framework assesses engagement levels and predicts burnout risk. The system uses facial detection techniques (MTCNN, FaceNet) and emotion recognition models to identify and measure subtle facial expressions in video frames. It calculates engagement and stress metrics based on how often and how strongly positive and negative micro-expressions appear. Patterns of negative emotions help identify potential burnout risks. Experimental evaluation of recorded remote meetings shows a strong link between micro-expression patterns and visible engagement levels. This provides useful insights for timely managerial responses. Besides its technical contribution, this approach focuses on ethical and privacy-aware monitoring to respect employees' wellbeing. By presenting a scalable, automated, and objective way to understand emotional dynamics in remote work, the study not only promotes the use of AI in workplace well-being but also paves the way for future research that combines multiple signals--like voice, posture, and facial micro-expressions--to build effective engagement and stress monitoring solutions.

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Emotion Recognition; Micro-Expression Recognition; Facial Expression Analysis; Stress Detection; Deep Learning; CNN; Transformer Networks; Vision- Language Models; Temporal Attention; MTCNN

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Prime Minister Narendra Modi launched the Atmanirbhar Bharat (Self-Reliant India) scheme on 13 May 2020 to make 130 crore people of India self-reliant. The concept of self-reliance, which was prevalent in India for a very long time, came in full limelight after this official launch by the Prime Minister's Office. The present paper focuses on the pivotal role played by ordinary Indian women entrepreneurs who started from an economically negligible force and formed an empire run and governed by women. It's a Case study of remarkable accomplishments of SEWA, a union with a founder member, a true Gandhian, Late Shri Ela R Bhatt, her vision to map the growth of women from a poor background in shaping the concept of today's Atmanirbhar Bharat, and analysing FCRA Financial reports (2021-2024). SEWA means 'service'. The success of SEWA relies on commitment to being self-reliant. SEWA has opened opportunities for multitudes of Indian women to become financially independent. It is the single largest Central Trade Union for women workers in the Informal Economy of India. The Self-Employed Women's Association is a union of women workers from the unorganised sector. SEWA has membership across 18 states in India with more than 32 lakh members. SEWA has worked for Digital Literacy, UDYAM and GeM registrations for informal workers.

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Women, Atmanirbhar, Self reliance, Economy, India

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Education is a vital instrument of socialization and social change, particularly for marginalized communities. Despite various governmental initiatives aimed at achieving universal education, tribal communities in Assam continue to face significant educational challenges. This paper examines the educational problems of the Mishing tribe of Assam with special emphasis on enrolment patterns, dropout rates, and the socio-economic factors responsible for educational backwardness. Based on secondary sources and field observations, the study reveals that poverty, geographical isolation, lack of educational infrastructure, parental illiteracy, and occupational compulsions are the major obstacles to educational attainment among the Mishings. The paper argues that while policy interventions have improved literacy levels, sustained efforts are required to address structural inequalities and ensure inclusive educational development.

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: Mishing Tribe, Tribal Education, Dropout Rate, Assam & Educational Backwardness

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Introduction:Hormonal imbalance is a major contributor to gynaecological disorders such as polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), dysmenorrhoea, menorrhagia, infertility, endometriosis, and menopausal symptoms. Conventional management largely depends on hormonal therapies, which may lead to adverse effects with long-term use. Ayurveda describes these conditions under Stree Roga, attributing them to imbalance of Doshas, impaired Agni, and disturbed Apana Vayu. Nasya Karma, an important Panchakarma therapy, is traditionally indicated for disorders involving the head and neuroendocrine regulation and is believed to influence the hypothalamo-pituitary-ovarian (HPO) axis. Methods: A comprehensive literature review was conducted using classical Ayurvedic texts including Charaka Samhita, Sushruta Samhita, and Ashtanga Hridaya. Relevant modern scientific studies on intranasal drug delivery, neuroendocrine regulation, and gynaecological disorders were also reviewed. Available clinical observations and conceptual studies highlighting the role of Nasya in hormonal imbalance were analysed. Results: Nasya Karma demonstrates a regulatory effect on the neuroendocrine system by stimulating olfactory and trigeminal pathways connected to the hypothalamus. This stimulation supports GnRH secretion and balances FSH and LH, thereby improving ovarian function and menstrual regularity. Nasya also reduces stress and cortisol levels, enhances neurotransmitter function, and corrects Dosha imbalance, particularly Vata and Kapha. Herbs such as Shatavari, Brahmi, Jatamansi, and Yashtimadhu used in Nasya show adaptogenic, anti-inflammatory, and hormonal-modulating properties. Ayurveda's combination of Nasya, lifestyle modifications, dietary adjustments, and stress reduction strategies provides a natural solution for hormonal imbalances.Introduction:Hormonal imbalance is a major contributor to gynaecological disorders such as polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), dysmenorrhoea, menorrhagia, infertility, endometriosis, and menopausal symptoms. Conventional management largely depends on hormonal therapies, which may lead to adverse effects with long-term use. Ayurveda describes these conditions under Stree Roga, attributing them to imbalance of Doshas, impaired Agni, and disturbed Apana Vayu. Nasya Karma, an important Panchakarma therapy, is traditionally indicated for disorders involving the head and neuroendocrine regulation and is believed to influence the hypothalamo-pituitary-ovarian (HPO) axis. Methods: A comprehensive literature review was conducted using classical Ayurvedic texts including Charaka Samhita, Sushruta Samhita, and Ashtanga Hridaya. Relevant modern scientific studies on intranasal drug delivery, neuroendocrine regulation, and gynaecological disorders were also reviewed. Available clinical observations and conceptual studies highlighting the role of Nasya in hormonal imbalance were analysed. Results: Nasya Karma demonstrates a regulatory effect on the neuroendocrine system by stimulating olfactory and trigeminal pathways connected to the hypothalamus. This stimulation supports GnRH secretion and balances FSH and LH, thereby improving ovarian function and menstrual regularity. Nasya also reduces stress and cortisol levels, enhances neurotransmitter function, and corrects Dosha imbalance, particularly Vata and Kapha. Herbs such as Shatavari, Brahmi, Jatamansi, and Yashtimadhu used in Nasya show adaptogenic, anti-inflammatory, and hormonal-modulating properties. Ayurveda's combination of Nasya, lifestyle modifications, dietary adjustments, and stress reduction strategies provides a natural solution for hormonal imbalances.

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Nasya, Gynaecological disorders, Hypothalamo-pituitary-ovariarn Axis

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition