Volume 12 | Issue 1 |

 Abstract

?????????? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ?? ????????? ??? ?????? ????????????? ??? ???????? ?????-?????????? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ????????? ?? ?????? ???????? ????? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ????????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?? ???????? ?????? ????? ?????0 ??0 ????????-??????????? ?? ?????????? ????? ?? ?????????????? ?? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ??? ?????0 ??0 ?? ??? 190 ?????? - ??????????? ?? ????????? ?? ??? ?? ???? ?????????? ?????? ? ??? ?????? ??????? ???? ??? ?????????? ?? ???????? ?? ??? ???????, ????????, ?????? ?????, ??- ????? ??? ????????? ??????? ?? ?????? ???? ???????????? ?? ??? ??? ?? ??0??0 ??????- ??????????? ?? ?????????? ????? ?? ????? ????????? ??? ??????? ???????

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Recent advancements in transdermal drug delivery have generated interest in finding alternatives to traditional method like needle, creams, and patches. The outer layer of skin known as the stratum corneum, often hinders effective drug delivery, limiting its effectiveness. Microneedles offer a promising solution by creating tiny pathway through the skin, allowing drug to be deliver to the upper layers of the skin. This review cover the various potential uses of microneedle in the field of biomedicine and also discusses different type of microneedle, such as solid, dissolving, hydrogel, coated, and hollow ones which are made from specific material and methods. These microneedle are now being used in various area, such as delivering oligonucleotides, vaccine, insulin etc.

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Microneedle, Drug Delivery, Biosafety, Microneedling, Hydrogel

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E-Teaching and E-Learning is the new word in learning strategy. The main objective of the present study is to know the attitude of the teachers towards E-Teaching and E-Learning. The present study consists of private and Government school teacher of Dharawad district as a sample and random purposing sampling technique is used for data collection and the result shows that private school are having higher competency level in comparison to govt. school with new technologies of education but there is no encouragement and emphasis is given by administration and principal on teacher to use new technology.

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 Keywords

Attitude, School Teacher, E-Teaching and E-Learning

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The National Education Policy (2020), as transformative as it is, has been trying to revamp the education system of our country while catering to all the aspects of teaching and learning at all levels. The policy considers language an important aspect in the transaction of teaching-learning process and have suggested certain measures to promote multilingual approach to education, where learners learn in their mother tongue or local/home/regional language alongside other languages. National Education Policy 2020 (NEP-2020) has laid numerous recommendations for the promotion and preservation of Indian languages, aiming to preserve rich cultural and traditional values while integrating local languages in early learning stages. The purpose of this study is to better comprehend NEP-2020's role in promoting multilingual education and Indian languages, for which the provisions given under NEP 2020 for 'Multilingualism and the Power of Language' are highlighted in the paper. Thus, through comprehensive analysis of NEP 2020's key provisions for multilingualism and power of language and reviewing relevant researches this paper highlights the positive aspects in the blue print and mechanism employed by the Government of India for bringing multilingualism to Indian classrooms. The paper finally focuses on the limitations which the implementers or stakeholders may face when employing the multilingual approach in school education.

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Language, Mother Tongue, Multilingualism, NEP 2020, School Education

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana (PMJDY) is a financial inclusion scheme launched by the Indian government in 2014 to provide universal access to basic banking services. Prior to PMJDY, only 58.70% of adults had bank accounts and financial exclusion was high in rural areas. The scheme aimed to give everyone access to a bank account, direct benefit transfers, credit, insurance and pensions. As of March 2023, 48.69 crore PMJDY accounts have been opened, with public sector banks accounting for 78% of accounts. This has led to increased financial inclusion, better delivery of government subsidies, access to credit for the rural population and a culture of savings and growth. PMJDY is one of the largest financial inclusion initiatives in the world. This research paper analyzes the performance and impact of PMJDY on financial inclusion over the years. Further efforts should focus on digital financial literacy and infrastructure development in remote regions. PMJDY has played a seminal role in advancing financial inclusion and last-mile delivery of banking services. However, there are still significant gaps in usage and active engagement of these accounts. Active usage, livelihood linkages and maintaining continuity of engagement remain work in progress requiring concerted long-term interventions from all stakeholders.

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PMJDY, Financial Inclusion, Rural, Banking

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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In this sociological study, we explore the intricate dynamics of Indian tribal women within the development landscape, representing over 8.6% of India's population across 705 Scheduled Tribes. Confronting a "triple disadvantage" due to their gender, tribal identity, and socio-economic status, these women navigate a complex interplay of challenges. The study critically examines how large-scale development projects like mining and dam construction disproportionately impact tribal women, leading to displacement, loss of ancestral lands, and disruption of traditional livelihoods. This situation is further exacerbated by entrenched gender biases within tribal communities, which hinder women's access to education, healthcare, and decision-making roles. However, the resilience and agency of these women shine through as they actively engage in advocating for community rights, managing resources, and driving grassroots initiatives for sustainable development. Utilizing a blend of quantitative and qualitative research methods, the study aims to offer a nuanced perspective on the unique experiences of tribal women in India, highlighting their struggles and triumphs. It seeks to contribute to a more inclusive development paradigm, recognizing the pivotal role of tribal women as key agents of change and architects of their own destinies.

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tribal women, Scheduled Tribes, tribal identity, socio-economic status and traditional livelihoods

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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This research paper aims to understand the urban setup of Madurai city in context with the vastu shastra and analyse its town planning principles based on ancient scripture describing principles of design, layout, space arrangement, and spatial geometry which impact the overall urban development of the city. Vastu Shastra, the ancient Indian science of town planning and architecture, aimed at achieving a balance among functionality, bioclimatic design, and religious and cultural beliefs. (Ananth, 1998) Madurai city is one of the ancient historic and cultural cities with standing as the second largest in the Tamil Nadu district of India. It has been a major religious centre with settlements developed in a typical sense of fashion along the core temple which reflects some ancient religious town planning features. Therefore, our research aim is to analyse and compare the structure of cities designed according to Vastu, in the case of Madurai city.

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Architecture, ancient town planning, development, historic city heritage, city growing

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The research article provides a comprehensive analysis of the impact of the Consumer Protection Act 2019 on the E-commerce industry in India. It dives deep into the history of consumer protection, breaks down the key provisions of the Consumer Protection 2019 Act, and scrutinises the Consumer Protection (E-Commerce) Rules 2020. Further, it highlights the rules that directly impact the e-commerce landscape. The paper also provides suggestions for improving consumer protection in the e-commerce sector. Finally, the conclusion summarises the key takeaways, emphasising the need for lawmakers to continually adapt to the evolving digital economy to ensure consumer-friendly policies in the e-commerce sector. Overall, this paper highlights the essential role of the Consumer Protection Act 2019 and the Consumer Protection (E-Commerce) Rules 2020 in safeguarding consumer rights in e-commerce in India.

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Consumer Protection Act 2019, Consumer Protection (E-Commerce) Rules 2020, Consumer Protection, E-Commerce Rules

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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IrO2 thin films were deposited by green chemistry sol-gel method on conducting glass using 5% anhydrous iridium chloride sol. XRD patterns show polycrystalline nature with rutile structure preferential orientation along [110] plane. SEM shows the uniform deposition of nanowires with dimension from 10-25 nm and 1-2 mm long. PL studies shows shift in the excitonic peak as compared to the bulk IrO2 optical spectra. Raman spectra have the stretching and bending vibration modes of IrO2 at 615 and 458 cm -1 respectively. The films thickness were in the range of 180 - 230 nm. pH sensor showed very good sensing performance in sensitivity response repeatedly and reversibly between - 52.4 mV/pH and - 52.8 mV/pH in the pH range between 1 to 12 at 300K with response time about 15 sec

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 Keywords

NC IrO2 ,sol gel method , XRD ,SEM , Raman Spectra

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The study explains about the AI in HR management. AI technology is not just limited to robot it is certainly beyond that , the expression is much more broad, intense and complex to think it, starting from computer, laptop to advanced androids and humanoids are of high importance in almost all areas such as medicine, business, manufacturing education banking and more. The study discuss role of AI in human resource practices how it adopts use the technology in each stages how machine learning is used from theoretical sense. From the analyses of challenges and opportunities future is predicted on AI in HR management. AI can also help in aligning underperforming employees with the necessary set of goals to increase performance levels. Organization is constantly experimenting with new strategies and methods to keep their employees for as long as possible. India has one largest population of skilled personality to keep in engaged and for their employment.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

- Component, formatting, style, styling, insert.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition