Volume 13 | Issue 1 |

 Abstract

It is a comprehensive comparative analysis conducted on the financial performance of Tata Motors and Maruti Suzuki India Ltd. covering the period 2019-24. By using the financial statements, it has applied ratio analysis for evaluating profitability, efficiency, liquidity, and solvency of both companies and further analyzes their difference in financial performance. Hence, profitability, efficiency, and return on equity was significant at Maruti Suzuki, while proper debt management and improvement in the company's liquidity was observed in Tata Motors. Some other factors determining the financial performance were industry trends, government policies, and market conditions. This paper contributes to the body of knowledge related to financial performance analysis in the automotive sector, which would be helpful to investors, stakeholders, and researchers. Recommendations for financial sustainability improvement for both companies have been offered.

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A COMPARITIVE STUDY OF FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF TATA MOTORS LTD AND MARUTI SUZUKI INDIA LTD

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This study explored the strategies leaders can adopt to reduce the emotional exhaustion, lack of personal fulfillment, and depersonalization that characterize nurse burnout. The problem identified was continued nurse burnout resulting from long shifts most days of the week and fatigue due to lack of rest, affecting the quality of patient care and nurses' overall health and wellness. The proposed solution implemented the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) tool with SBAR communication to measure nurses' workload, assess their emotional exhaustion, and assign shifts accordingly. The implementation process focused on developing the necessary leadership practices to help reduce nurse burnout. This involved obtaining approval from the appropriate authorities to implement the strategies. Literature on evidence-based approaches was reviewed to incorporate lessons learned from other institutions into the process to gain deeper insight. A meeting was then scheduled with all stakeholders to identify and understand how the strategy would impact the work environment. Leader empowerment practice policies were then created to help implement the changes in the organizational culture. A two-week training session educated nurses about the adverse effects of burnout, the tools available to monitor burnout, and empowering practices that can facilitate change. The project evaluation revealed successes such as increased collaboration and cooperation among stakeholders and lessons learned that can inform future projects.

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Burnout, Nurses, Maslach Burnout Inventory Tool, SBAR Communication

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This research analyses the ongoing discourse regarding active and passive investment strategies within the Indian stock market. Through an analysis of key performance metrics (Sharpe ratio, Treynor ratio, standard deviation, tracking error) and consideration of cost factors (expense ratios, fees), the study compares the performance, risk, and cost implications of these two approaches. While active management presents the potential for outperformance, particularly in less efficient market segments, it is associated with higher risks and costs. Conversely, passive management, implemented through index funds, offers stable, predictable returns with lower risk and cost, rendering it appropriate for risk-averse investors and efficient market segments. The selection between active and passive strategies ultimately depends on individual investor characteristics such as risk tolerance, investment horizon, and financial objectives.

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Active Mutual Funds, Passive Mutual Funds, Index Funds, Risk-Return Tradeoff, Benchmark Index, NIFTY 50, MIDCAP 150, SMALLCAP 250, NEXT NIFTY 50, BSE SENSEX .

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The term "Global South" refers to developing countries, least developed countries, underdeveloped countries, lowincome economies, or thirdworld countries that have fallen out of favor. SouthSouth cooperation (SSC) has expanded in order to "challenge the North's political and economic dominance," and focused SSC activities have been renewed. The main objective is to develop mechanisms to promote the participation of people experiencing poverty and social exclusion in policy development and implementation. The existing literature provides more attention on socioeconomic exclusion in global south nation as characterized as developing nation. The Human Development Index (HDI) is a composite measure of a country's average achievements in three basic aspects of human development: health, knowledge, and standard of living. The Financial inclusion considered as economic inclusion is an enabler for the seventh of the seventeen Sustainable Development Goals, and the World Bank Group considers it a key enabler to reduce extreme poverty and boost shared prosperity. This study has made an attempts to measure financial inclusion using a cross country data set from Financial Access Survey (FAS) and the index of financial inclusion (IFI) developed by Sarma (2012). Then it presents an empirical analysis of the relationship between financial inclusion and human development across countries in global south. Thererfore the present study focused on the socioeconomic inclusion with the help of Human development index and financial inclusion index for the year 2022. This article investigates the relationship between financial inclusion and human development index positions in 138 countries throughout the global south. The purpose of this study is to investigate the nexus between financial inclusion and human development for global south nations and analyse the relation between financial inclusion and human development. The study examines the effect of IFI on the human development index (HDI) at the aggregate level.

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Financial Inclusion, Human Development Index, Sustainable Development Digtal Economy.

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Pregnancy is a very crucial period of foetal development, and exposure to certain antibiotics can have harmful results. Teratogenic effect of some antibiotics in pregnancy can lead to miscarriage, birth defect, and long-term health problems. Now days it founds that the physicians are prescribing different antimicrobial agents to the Pregnancy women to tackle the multi-resistant microorganism. This review article aims to provide a list of teratogenic effect of some common antibiotics in pregnancy and including the teratogenic risk factors involves with it. And also, it intends to assists the physicians and pharmacist during prescription and dispensing respectively. As well as we can reduce the effect of teratogenicity.

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Antibiotics, Pregnancy, fetus, teratogenic effect

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Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin condition characterized by erythematous, scaly plaques that significantly affect the quality of life. Modern medicine offers symptomatic relief through immune-suppressants and corticosteroids, but these treatments often fail to provide a permanent cure and are associated with adverse effects. As a result, patients increasingly turn to alternative therapies for long-term management. Ayurveda, a traditional system of medicine from India, emphasizes holistic treatment that addresses the root cause of diseases through a combination of detoxification, dietary modifications, and lifestyle adjustments. This case study explores the Ayurvedic management of plaque psoriasis in a 21-year-old female patient who had been suffering from the condition for three years and sought treatment at the Government Dhanwantari Ayurveda Medical College & Hospital, Ujjain, Madhya Pradesh. The treatment included Shodhana (purification) and Shamana (palliative) therapies, as well as adherence to Pathya-Apathya (dietary and lifestyle protocols). Over a two-month period, the patient exhibited notable improvements, including a 95% reduction in Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) scores. Scaly patches and erythema decreased significantly, and the patient reported enhanced overall well-being. These findings suggest that Ayurvedic management, emphasizing holistic and personalized care, may offer a valuable adjunctive approach to conventional treatments for plaque psoriasis. This case study contributes to the growing body of evidence supporting the integration of Ayurveda into modern healthcare systems. Further research is warranted to explore the mechanisms underlying Ayurvedic therapies and to establish their efficacy in larger patient populations.

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Ayurvedic treatment, Psoriasis, Shodhana, Shamana, Pathya-Apathya, Case Study.

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This study compares the flexural properties of concrete beams reinforced with GFRP and steel rebars. Beams with a 100mm x 100mm cross-section and 500mm length, each using 12mm diameter rebars, are tested to assess GFRP's viability as a reinforcement material. The paper also explores why GFRP rebars, despite their advantages, are still underused in some area

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KEYWORDS: GFRP, Flexural Strength, rebars & composites.

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The delivery of drugs to the human body is carried out through various routes of administration. One of these is the topical drug delivery route, which involves delivering drugs to the skin. The skin consists of three layers: the epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous tissue. The stratum corneum, part of the epidermis, is a major barrier to topical drug delivery. Delivery of drugs across the stratum corneum is facilitated by different systems. Conventional systems include ointments, creams, gels, pastes, emulsions, shampoos, lotions, solutions, and suspensions. These systems are used to deliver the drug to the required site of action. In recent years, the focus has shifted towards novel drug delivery approaches in search of safer and more effective therapies. This includes the development of nanocarriers for efficient drug delivery. Novel carriers such as liposomes, transferosomes, ethosomes, niosomes, nanoemulsions, solid lipid nanoparticles, and nanostructured lipid carriers are being used in drug delivery systems. Nanosystems are employed in the treatment of viral, bacterial, parasitic, and fungal diseases. Additionally, the potential of these systems has been explored in the treatment of skin-related cancer therapies.

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TOPICAL DRUG DELIVERY: A REVIEW

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Rajam Krishnan, renowned for her socially conscious novels depicting the lives of marginalized communities such as poor farmers, salt workers, and female laborers, offers a compelling narrative in Lamps in the Whirlpool. This novel explores the psychological struggles and resilience of Girija, a woman navigating life within an orthodox Brahmin household. Subjected to subjugation and treated as a mere subordinate by her husband and mother-in-law, Girija undergoes a transformative journey of self-realization. Breaking free from societal conventions and familial oppression, she reclaims her agency and chooses to live life on her own terms. The present research article examines Girija's journey as a powerful representation of an empowered woman, highlighting her resilience and psychological growth amidst patriarchal constraints.The research psychological theories of Maslow's self actualisation

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Empowered Woman, Orthodox Brahmin Community, Patriarchal Oppression, Self-Realization, Psychological Resilience, Gender Equality, Social Conventions, Feminism

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