Volume 14 | Issue 1 |

 Abstract

Kokborok literature can broadly be classified into two major forms: oral literature and written literature. Oral literature consists of various literary forms that are transmitted verbally from one generation to another. Among these forms, proverbs occupy a significant place. It can be observed that every community possesses its own literary tradition, and similarly, every language in the world has its own literature. Folk literature represents one of the richest cultural components of Kokborok literature and is known by different names in different communities. Within Tripuri society, folk literature constitutes an essential and integral part of Kokborok literary tradition. Literature plays an important role in daily life, as it is used to express emotions such as happiness, sorrow, sympathy, and shared experiences. For this reason, literature becomes an inseparable part of human life. Every literary form, even the smallest, carries a deeper meaning and cultural value. Literature does not originate solely from individual expression; rather, it emerges from collective human thought, experience, and social interaction. Proverbs, in particular, gain their identity through continuous social use and communication. Without regular use in society, such expressions cannot be considered proverbs. Over time, literary works, especially those preserved and developed by writers, attain recognition and establish their significance within the literary tradition.

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Literature, Folk literature, Proverbs, Society .

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This paper investigates the multifaceted economic dimensions influencing the status, roles, and empowerment of women, particularly tribal women, in regions such as Chintapalle Mandal, Andhra Pradesh. It aims to explore their diverse economic contributions, the persistent challenges they face, and the impact of various governmental and grassroots initiatives designed to promote their economic independence and development. Based on the experiences and contexts described, this research proposes a qualitative methodological approach. This would involve participant observation to understand daily life and power dynamics, in-depth interviews to capture individual perspectives and nuanced narratives, and focus group discussions to explore shared experiences and social norms related to gender roles, status, and empowerment within tribal communities. Tribal women are central to their economies, actively engaged in agriculture (including shifting cultivation, millet, coffee, turmeric), allied activities (poultry, livestock), and forest-based livelihoods (NTFP collection). They also preserve traditional skills through handicrafts and participate extensively in wage labour, including schemes like MGNREGS. Shandies (local markets) serve as crucial platforms where women act as producers, sellers, and buyers, contributing to household income and decision-making power. However, they face significant challenges including poverty, illiteracy, exploitation, lack of market access, poor infrastructure, limited financial literacy, and gender discrimination. Empowerment initiatives such as DWCRA, MGNREGS, Prerana, and Self-Help Groups (SHGs) have been instrumental in providing self-employment opportunities, access to credit, skill development, and fostering a savings culture, thereby enhancing their financial autonomy and community engagement. Understanding these dynamics is crucial for recognizing tribal women's vital contributions to the economies, addressing systemic barriers to their development, and strengthening the effectiveness of empowerment programs. The study highlights how economic independence is crucial for empowering tribal women, enabling them to gain financial autonomy and improve their family's welfare.

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Tribal Women, Economic Empowerment, Livelihoods, Self-Help Groups, Rural Economy, Gender Roles

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Artificial Intelligence (AI) has become a transformative force in the retail sector, particularly through its applications in predictive analytics for inventory optimization and marketing performance. This study explores how AI-driven tools enhance inventory accuracy, supply chain responsiveness, and marketing outcomes in the retail ecosystem of India. Using survey data from 120 retail managers across Tier-1 and Tier-2 cities, combined with secondary analysis of industry case studies, this research evaluates the relationships between AI-enabled inventory decisions and marketing performance indicators such as sales, promotions, and return on investment (ROI). Statistical methods including percentage analysis, Chi-square tests, and ANOVA were applied. The findings show that AI adoption significantly improves inventory accuracy, reduces stockouts, and enhances supply chain efficiency. Further, AI-driven decisions positively correlate with sales performance and promotional effectiveness. However, challenges such as data integration, cost of implementation, and workforce readiness remain barriers to widespread adoption. The study concludes that successful AI adoption in retail requires both technological investment and organizational adaptation, offering insights for retail managers aiming to build resilient and customer-focused operations.

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Artificial Intelligence (AI) has become a transformative force in the retail sector, particularly through its applications in predictive analytics for inventory optimization and marketing performance. This study explores how AI-driven tools enhance inventory accuracy, supply chain responsiveness, and marketing outcomes in the retail ecosystem of India. Using survey data from 120 retail managers across Tier-1 and Tier-2 cities, combined with secondary analysis of industry case studies, this resea

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Wireless Charging Technology, Arduino Uno, Mutual Inductance, inductive coupling, Electrical Vehicle.

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Cardiovascular disease; heart disease prediction; Machine learning; Principal Component Analysis; Feature selection; Ensemble methods; Classification; ROC-AUC

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Branch Retinal Vein Occlusion (BRVO) is a significant retinal vascular disorder, often secondary to systemic conditions like hypertension and arteriosclerosis, leading to painless visual impairment. In Ayurveda BRVO can be correlated, based on signs and symptoms, with Sannipathika Timira. An 84year old patient presented with sudden, painless diminution of vision. Dilated fundus examination and Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) confirmed BRVO with significant macular edema. An Ayurvedic protocol was implemented including internal medication and Kriyakalpas like Sekam, Aschotanam and Bidalakam for a period of 12weeks. Objective improvements were noted in visual acuity, from 2/60 to 6/24 and a significant reduction in central macular thickness on OCT. Subjectively the patient reported enhanced clarity in vision. This case highlights that tailored Ayurvedic management can be a safe and effective alternative or supportive therapy for BRVO, even in geriatric patients where conventional repeat injections may pose challenges.

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BRVO, Sannipthika Thimira, Macular edema, Kriyakalpa

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Freshwater aquaculture plays a vital role in India's food system, nutrient enhancement, and rural livelihoods, particularly in inland districts in Tamil Nadu. The present study aims to assess the marketing strategies adopted by freshwater fish farmers and to evaluate the nutritional health status of major cultured fish species in the Mayiladuthurai district. Primary data were collected from 157 respondents, including fish farmers, market intermediaries, retailers, and consumers, using a structured questionnaire and stratified random sampling techniques. Nutritional analysis was conducted on selected freshwater fish species--Catla (Catla catla), Rohu (Labeo rohita), Mrigal (Cirrhinus mrigala), and Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)--to determine moisture, protein, lipid, carbohydrate, and ash content using standard laboratory procedures. The findings reveal that freshwater fish farming in the study area is predominantly polyculture-based, with most produce marketed through retailers and wholesalers due to limited access to cooperatives and direct marketing channels. Post-harvest constraints such as inadequate cold storage and high labour costs significantly influence marketing efficiency. Nutritional analysis indicates that all studied species possess high nutritional value, with Tilapia showing the highest protein content, while Catla offers comparatively higher energy value. The study concludes that improved marketing infrastructure, reduced reliance on intermediaries, and greater awareness of nutritional benefits can strengthen farmers' incomes and ensure the availability of high-quality freshwater fish to consumers. Policy interventions focusing on cooperative marketing, cold storage facilities, and digital platforms are recommended to promote sustainable freshwater aquaculture development in the region.

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Freshwater aquaculture, marketing strategies, nutritional composition, carp culture, Mayiladuthurai District

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The present study aims to develop and standardize a tool to assess the attitude towards E-Resources among XI standard students studying in higher secondary schools. A 55 item likert- type attitude scale was constructed based on an extensive review of related literature, existing tools and consultation with experts in Education, Education Technology, Psychology and ICT. The tool adopts a five-point response format ranging from strongly Agree to strongly Disagree. The reliability of the scale was determined through a pilot study has done with 50 students and internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach's Alpha. A total no of items 55, from these 43 items were retained for the final study. The internal consistency or reliability of this scale is 0.898. The present research discussed to development of the scale to measure the level of attitude towards E-Resources among XI standard students.

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Attitude, E-Resources, ICT in Education, Higher secondary students, Digital learning.

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This study reviews literature on the growing quick-service food delivery (QSFD) segment in Mumbai, focusing on consumer behaviour, platform strategies, cloud kitchen expansion, delivery innovations, and gig workforce implications. The Indian online food delivery industry has witnessed rapid expansion due to increasing urbanization, smartphone penetration, and convenience-driven lifestyles (IMARC, 2024). Mumbai, being a major commercial hub with dense consumption clusters, has emerged as a focal market for players like Zomato and Swiggy (RedSeer, 2024). Findings indicate that while demand and order volume continue to rise, sustainability and profitability remain challenges due to high logistics, marketing, and labour costs (Reuters, 2024).

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Food, Zomato, Innovations

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The present study aims to explore the relationship between self-concept and anxiety among 9th standard students, with the intention of gaining insights that may help in developing effective educational and psychological interventions to enhance students' mental health and academic success. Objectives of the study were (i) to find out the level of self -concept of 9th standard students, (ii) to find out the level of anxiety of 9th standard students and (iii) to find out the relationship between self-concept and anxiety of 9th standard students. The researcher used normative survey method. A sample of 120 9th standard students was used for collecting data. The findings of the study revealed that the level of self-concept and anxiety of 9th standard students is average. The study also showed that there exists a positive relationship between self-concept and anxiety of 9th standard students.

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Relationship, Self-concept, Anxiety, 9th standard students

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