Volume 14 | Issue 1 |

 Abstract

Kokborok, the indigenous language of the Borok (Tripuri) people in Tripura, Northeast India, belongs to the Tibeto-Burman family and has evolved from a rich oral tradition. This survey traces the trajectory of Kokborok novels from the pioneering work Hachuk Khurio (In the Lap of Hills, 1987) by Sudhanwa Debbarma to contemporary expressions, highlighting their role in preserving cultural identity amid socio-political changes. The transition from oral folklore encompassing myths, folk song and rituals to written forms began in the mid-20th century, spurred by revival movements such as the Tripura Janasiksha Samiti (1945) and the recognition of Kokborok as a state language in 1979. Early efforts focused on grammars and translations, with Hachuk Khurio marking the first modern novel. Serialized in the magazine Kwtal Kothoma (1954), it depicts rural life, hill landscapes, and Borok resilience, blending realism with cultural motifs.Debbarma's multi-part series (Parts I-IV) set a foundation, exploring themes of social obligations, spirituality, and ethnic pride. The 1980s and 1990s represented a growth phase (Periods IV-V), with novels like Shyamlal Debbarma's Khong (1996), and Tongthai Naitungwi (2007), Nanda Kumar Debbarma's Rung (2001), and Kunjabihari Debbarma's Mwnakni Pohor (2002). These works addressed rural struggles, historical folklore, migration, and environmental harmony, often fusing traditional oral elements with modern narratives. Authors such as Sunil Debbarma Langmani Rukungo, (2003), Atul Debbarma 1980 (2006), and Sefali Debbarma (Lokhopoti, 2010) expanded genres, tackling political marginalization, gender roles, and insurgency. In the 21st century (Period VI, 2000s-2020s), contemporary novels by writers like Bijoy Debbarma Dolai Twima Naro, (2008).

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 Keywords

Kokborok, indigenous language of the borok (Tripuri) people of Tripura, Northeast India, Kokborok novel, Kokborok literature.

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Key words me Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus, Planned Teaching Programme, Knowledge, Blood Sugar Control, Patient Education

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Background: Abducens nerve palsy is a common manifestation of intracranial hypertension but remains an unusual presentation of intracranial hypotension. Case presentation: We report the case of a 26-year-old woman who developed acute binocular diplopia following spinal anesthesia for hysterectomy. Clinical examination revealed an isolated right sixth nerve palsy associated with postural headache and vomiting. Brain MRI demonstrated diffuse pachymeningeal enhancement and slit-like ventricles consistent with intracranial hypotension. The patient was successfully treated with an epidural blood patch, leading to complete resolution of symptoms. Conclusion: Although rare, intracranial hypotension should be considered in the differential diagnosis of acute diplopia, particularly after spinal anesthesia. Prompt recognition and treatment ensure excellent prognosis.

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Intracranial hypotension, Abducens nerve palsy, Spinal anesthesia, Diplopia, Epidural blood patch

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Abstract: This study delves into the financial performance of public sector banks in India before and after mergers, examining the transformative impact of these strategic combinations. Over the past years, the Indian government has orchestrated mergers among public sector banks to fortify the banking sector and address challenges such as non-performing assets, operational inefficiencies, and capital adequacy. Before mergers, these banks operated independently, each with its own financial standing, operational framework, and customer base. Post-merger, the financial landscape undergoes significant shifts as the combined entity strives to realize synergies, streamline operations, and emerge as a more robust and competitive player in the banking sector. The financial performance analysis encompasses several crucial dimensions. Cost synergies, a primary objective of mergers, focus on reducing duplication and optimizing resources, leading to improved operational efficiency and cost-effectiveness. Asset quality assumes paramount importance, with the merged entity working towards enhancing its loan portfolio's health and risk management practices. Capital adequacy, a key metric for financial stability, is scrutinized to ensure that the consolidated bank possesses the strength to weather economic uncertainties. Operational efficiency gains prominence through the integration of technology and processes, aiming to streamline operations and enhance customer service. Customer retention and acquisition strategies play a pivotal role, reflecting the success of the merger not only in financial terms but also in sustaining and expanding the customer base. Market perception and investor confidence further influence the post-merger scenario, impacting stock prices and overall financial health. This study seeks to provide insights into the nuanced dynamics of public sector bank mergers in India, shedding light on the complexities, challenges, and successes encountered in the pursuit of strengthened financial performance in the evolving banking landscape.

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Keywords: Financial, Performance, Pre and Post-Merger, Public Sector Banks, India.

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Pediatric emergencies, Knowledge, General population, Emergency management

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For women from Scheduled Tribes (STs), in particular, land ownership and succession are essential to economic stability, social standing, and empowerment. The inheritance rights of ST women in Sikkim are influenced by a complicated interplay between deeply ingrained patriarchal societal norms, customary tribal laws, and statutory provisions. Women's rights to inherit property are legally recognised by legal frameworks like the Sikkim Succession Act, 2008, however their real exercise is still restricted. Male heirs are frequently given preference in customs, but limitations pertaining to marriage, tribal identification, and documentation further marginalise women. Through a survey of the literature, legal analysis, and sociocultural viewpoints, this paper critically investigates the inheritance rights and land ownership position of ST women in Sikkim. In order to guarantee significant land rights for ST women, it draws attention to the discrepancy between law and practice and makes the need for increased awareness, enforcement, and gender-sensitive reforms.

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Inheritance Rights, ST Women, Sikkim, Patriarchy, Barriers, Empowerment.

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The pedagogy of English literature presently in the Global South has been defined through the lens of our colonial predecessors, who have left a lasting impression through the established canonical texts and present a Eurocentric approach. However, the globalised world has often challenged these Western ideologies and approaches through multilingual and postcolonial approach. The proposal will present its argument calling for reimagining the approaches towards teaching English literature in the Neo-colonial world. It argues that literature when taught through the right context can often empower the young minds to not only educate and innovate, but enhance and empower oneself. The literary landscape calls for cultural production, and a validation in the academic context. Hence, the paper argues for a transformed literary landscape in the academia which can empower the students towards voicing their agency and identity.

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Postcolonialism, literary canon, academic imperialism, decolonisation.

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The present study investigates the academic achievement of Devadasis children in relation to four important psychological and socio-educational variables: social maturity, metacognitive awareness, adjustment, and mind style. A sample of 500 Devadasis children studying in Residential Schools from the Bagalkot, Belagavi, and Vijayapura districts was selected using a cluster sampling technique. The findings of the study revealed that: i) academic achievement has a positive correlation with social maturity, metacognitive awareness, adjustment, and mind style among Devadasis children in the total sample; and ii) academic achievement shows a similar positive correlation with these variables among both male and female Devadasis children. Further, the results indicated that these correlations were statistically significant for both male and female Devadasis children. The study concludes that fostering social maturity, strengthening metacognitive strategies, improving adjustment skills, and understanding individual mind styles can contribute meaningfully to enhancing the academic achievement of Devadasis children.

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Devadasis Children; Academic Achievement; Social Maturity; Metacognitive Awareness; Adjustment and Mind Style

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Agriculture is one of India's most important economic sectors, however millions of farmers continue to have trouble accessing the right information, at the right time, to make informed decisions. Barriers that hinder farmers' access to this information include a fractured source of information, lack of knowledge on government schemes, not receiving real-time guidance, diversity in languages and varying literacy and digital skills - all of which have a severe impact on their ability to adopt modern and profitable agricultural practices. By utilizing current technology and an artificial intelligence (AI) platform, this Proposal aims to create a multi-language, voice-based, agricultural advice chatbot that will provide an accurate, accessible, and personalized solution to farmers' needs. This solution uses a multi-language platform (English, Hindi, Kannada), while at the same time, incorporating voice interactions to enable farmers with varying literacy levels to use the system. A farmer would be able to ask questions about their crops, weather, pest management, soil health, fertilizer's, market trends, and government schemes and receive immediate, simplified assistance. In addition to this service, this solution will also provide crop recommendations based on soil test results and related information enabling them to take better decisions regarding crop cultivation. Furthermore, with the separate module for government schemes allowing farmers quick access to eligibility criteria, benefits, and application processes, it addresses the ongoing problem of farmers lacking knowledge about government related assistance available to them.

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Agriculture Technology, Artificial Intelligence (AI), Multilingual Chatbot, Voice-Based Interface, Smart Farming, Crop Recommendation System, Government Schemes Awareness, Precision Agriculture, Decision Support System.

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The article focuses on the consequences of the long-term political conflict on the health and welfare of women and children in the Kashmir Valley. Lasting instability and militarization experienced over the last three decades have changed the normalcy in the region with long-term physical, psychological and socio-economic effects on civilians. These have been felt especially by women and children who are at the cross-points of gender, age, and structural marginality. The paper is based on qualitative and analytical research, which pulls together primary sources, such as government materials, health reports, interviews, and institutional documents, and secondary scholarship of sociology, public health, and studies of conflict. The discussion shows that years of violence, insecurity, and loss has led to large percentage of mental health distress in women and children such as anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress as well as the growing rate of chronic physical diseases. The structural constraints which have made these health outcomes worse are poor healthcare infrastructures, poor access to mental health services, poverty, gender norms and poor access to medical facilities especially in rural settings. Although the right to health is being formally acknowledged by state-initiated welfare programs and legal frameworks, the programs and legal frameworks still lack effectiveness because they have continuous instability, poor implementation, and institutional constraints. The paper contends that the current healthcare interventions are not adequate to mitigate the health outcomes of conflict that are gendered and intergenerational. It demands a rights-based and communal methodology of service delivery in medical care with specific focus on readily available mental health medical and all-inclusive policy interventions. This study will help to expand the general content on health, gender, and conflict in protracted crisis contexts by focusing on women and children experiences

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 Keywords

Kashmir Valley Conflict, Mental Health Impact, Civilian Suffering, Healthcare Infrastructure Evaluation.

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