Volume 13 | Issue 1 |

 Abstract

Abstract: Pharmaceutical co-crystals have gained significant attention recently as a new solid form due to their ability to alter the physicochemical properties of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (APIs). However, advancing the pharmaceutical use of co-crystals remains challenging, with the need for high-throughput screening methods and techniques capable of producing co-crystals on an industrial scale still limiting their widespread use in the industry. This review offers a comprehensive overview of pharmaceutical co-crystals, focusing on the role of supramolecular chemistry, co-crystal design strategies, preparation methods, studies on physicochemical properties, mechanisms of solubility enhancement, and evaluation techniques. The article also discusses the impact of selecting the right process design and formulation in overcoming translational challenges. Finally, it briefly covers the applications and marketed drug products involving pharmaceutical co-crystals.

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Key Words- Co-Crystal Formers, Co-Crystals, Crystal Engineering, Solid-State Characterization, Supramolecular Chemistry.

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Tourism has undergone a significant transformation over time, evolving from a leisure oriented activity into a predominantly commercial enterprise. In developing nations, it has become a crucial driver of economic growth and a primary source of revenue. Tourism contributes to job creation, generates foreign exchange, and supports the development of local infrastructure. Moreover, sustainable tourism has the potential to address various socioeconomic challenges. Uttar Pradesh is a prominent international tourism destination, consistently attracting the highest number of Foreign Tourist Arrivals (FTAs) each year. In 2019, the state ranked first in domestic tourist visits and third in foreign tourist arrivals, welcoming nearly 4.7 million international visitors. The tourism industry plays a very dynamic anfd crucial role in Uttar Pradesh's economic growth. To further strengthen this sector, the state has introduced a new Tourism Policy focused on enhancing infrastructure, promoting development, and creating income and employment opportunities. Sambhal, a town located in Uttar Pradesh, holds historical and cultural significance but remains lesser-known on the tourism map compared to other cities in the state. Sambhal may not yet be fully developed as a main stream tourist destination, but its historical significance, combined with its vibrant local culture and craftsmanship, makes it a hidden gem for travelers looking to explore Uttar Pradesh's lesser-known destinations. Present study highlights opportunities of tourism entrepreneurship in Sambhal district along with financial study of tourism based entrepreneurs.

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Tourism Based Entrepreneurship, Financial stability

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This research used qualitative and quantitative surveys to gain deeper insight into how consumers felt and acted about health insurance before and after the COVID-19 outbreak. The findings revealed a significant gap in understanding health insurance products and benefits, as several participants indicated they did not know the available coverage options. Although interest rates were moderate, enrolment rates were disappointing, primarily due to perceived affordability, trust in providers, and the applicability of the insurance to personal circumstances. The analysis highlighted a range of barriers to effectively utilizing health insurance, including complex language, ignorance of basic insurance principles, and financial difficulties. While the pandemic heightened people's awareness of health risks and the need for financial security, many remained confused about the use of insurance. The study, therefore, emphasized the need for greater consumer education and simpler insurance processes to increase coverage and utilization of insurance in the post-pandemic period. Such a study would have influenced consumers' thoughts and preferences. It provided valuable information for policymakers and insurance providers to align with emerging market trends, making health coverage in India more accessible.

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Insurance, Policy Makers, COVID 19, Health Insurance

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Hearing loss is one among the many Socio-medical problems, which is considered as a hidden disability. Hearing impairment is the most frequent sensory deficit in human populations, it is also associated with decrease in cognitive impairment1. It is estimated that over 60% of such hearing loss could be avoided through preventive measures2.Among the people is a major issue and a person with hearing loss may be unable to hear doorbells, alarms, to respond while talking with anyone, etc. All this can make them feel frustrated, lonely, and depressed. Non-genetic causes can be intrauterine as diabetes, toxaemia, ototoxic drugs,3and infections such as rubella, measles, chickenpox, cytomegalovirus, and HIV4.Hearing loss can be improved by using the hearing aids but is not choice of treatment in all conditions. Hearing aids work well for some while for others; it may not be a perfect solution due to many reasons such as poor economic status, low maintenance, social stigma. Dissatisfaction is seen in hearing aid due to incorrect amplification adjustments, low custom design, etc. Badhirya is one among the 28 types of Karnaroga with clinical features of reduced hearing or hearing loss. The main line of treatment for Karnagata rogas is Karnapoorana, Karnaprakshalana, Karnadhupana etc. along with internal Rasayana therapy. There are two types of Badhirya mentioned in classics namely Vata and Vata Kaphaja. As the root cause of Badhirya lies in Shabda Vaha Srotas and the main dosha involved is Vata dosha, lack of specific medical treatment and the surgical intervention is not suitable for all in hearing-loss. There is a need of simple, cost-effective medical line of treatment for Badhirya. Hence the treatment of choice is Karnapoorana with Lashunadya taila is selected.

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Keywords: Badhirya, Sensorineural hearing loss, PTA, Karnapoorana, Lashunadhya Taila.

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Al the outset of Chapter IV it was noted that, due to similarities in performance technique employed on the sitar and surbahar, it is not uncommon for performers of the former instrument to also play the latter. In the Imdad Khani Sitar and Surbahar Gharana, artists have traditionally performed on both instruments, though recently the star has become the more popular of the two. This chapter begins with a look at the history of this gharana including the lives of its khandan and other leading exponents. This is followed by a discussion of the teaching method employed and an examination of the baj and chal of this tradition's sitar music.

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Sitar, Music, Gharana, Tradition, Instruments, Performance.

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STUDY ON PROBLEM FACED BY RURALWOMEN AT SEVVANDHINATHAPURAM, LALGUDI *Dr.N.HEMALATHA, M.A., MSW., MBA., MSC (Psy)., M.Phil.,Ph.D. Assistant Professor, Shrimati Indira Gandhi College, Trichy **MS.P.Selvi,MSW.,MBA.,MPhil., Assistant Professor Shrimati Indira Gandhi College,Trichy _____________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT . Each one has different problem in the world but here only focus on the women. From the beginning women facing multiple problems in the world. The major problems are namely share in the land, lack of education, lack of opportunities, early and force marriage, lack of transport facilities, raped, abused in home, preference given to male child, lack of health treatment and no permission for job from family etc ,Kaur and Sharma (1991) told that Indian women, and especially rural women was play many social and economic roles inside and outside the home, but their participation is not well received due to recognition. They are excluded from various training and rural development programs. . To study about socio-economic status of the respondents.To study about the psychological problems & physical problems faced by the rural women. To study about the educational qualification of the respondents. The research has used descriptive research design for the study . The aim for having used this design was to analysis the problem as well as to increase the knowledge of the researcher about the problems faced by rural women hence descriptive design was adapted foe the present study.

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KEYWORDS: Problem Faced By Rural Women

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Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) are revolutionising anomaly detection in wireless networks by effectively utilising graph-structured data to model intricate relationships among network components. Unlike traditional techniques, GNNs excel in capturing both node-level and edge-level interactions, enabling the detection of subtle irregularities that may signify security breaches or performance issues. Their ability to learn dynamic graph representations through message-passing and feature aggregation enhances detection accuracy and scalability. GNN-based solutions address critical challenges in wireless networks, such as dynamic topology, high-dimensional data, and scalability. By strengthening network reliability, optimising resource allocation, and enhancing security, GNNs pave the way for robust monitoring and management of large-scale wireless systems. As wireless networks continue to grow in complexity, GNNs offer a promising approach to anomaly detection, fostering advancements in automation and intelligent network analysis. This paper explores the methodologies, applications, and challenges of applying GNNs for anomaly detection in wireless networks, highlighting their transformative potential in the field.

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Wireless Networks, Anomaly Detection, Graph Neural Networks, Network Security, Dynamic Topology, Machine Learning in Networks, Graph-Based Modelling, Deep Learning in Wireless Systems, Message Passing, Node Interaction, Network Performance Optimization, High-Dimensional Data Analysis.

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Ageing is an inevitable developmental phenomenon bringing along a number of changes in the physical, psychological, hormonal and social conditions. The house check focused on environmental hazards, sites and safety devices identified as most commonly associated with accidents or falls in older people. Hazards which are thought to increase the risk of falling, slipping or tripping and the absence of safety devices which may prevent falls made up the majority of items in the house check. Objectives: The objective of the study was to assess the awareness regarding home safety measures among elderly residing in selected areas of District, Ludhiana, Punjab. Methodology: A descriptive study was conducted on 60 elderly of age group 60-90 years in selected areas i.e. Shimlapuri and Mohar singh Nagar Ludhiana city. Convenience sampling technique was used to select the study sample. Data was collected by using socio- demographic profile sheet, modified structured checklist to assess home safety measures of elderly. Result: The socio- demographic profile of elderly revealed that out of 60 elderly more than half i.e. 51(85%) of elderly were from the age group 60-70 years, 32 (53%) were females, 36 (60%) were educated up to elementary level, 44 (73%) were married, more than half i.e. 57 (95%) were living with their children,31(52%) were doing moderate physical activity, 60 (100%) were have sedentary life style, 32 (53%) were homemaker, 51(85%) were unemployed, 39 (65%) were care giver, 40 (67%) were fully dependent and 59 (98%) were having personal monthly income <5,000. Conclusion: It was concluded that majority of the study subjects had good home safety measures.

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Elderly, Awareness, Home Safety Measures

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Bitcoin is known for its high volatility, making accurate price predictions challenging. This study aims to forecast Bitcoin prices for the upcoming month by incorporating exogenous variables specifically, interest rates and recession probabilities. The primary goal is to examine whether these external factors can improve the accuracy of Bitcoin price predictions. To achieve this, we employed two widely used time series forecasting models: Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) and Facebook Prophet. We'll be implementing these project with several types of time series forecasting model like Arima model, eda model, lstm, facebook prophet, exponential smoothing, afima. Among all these models we'll be selecting one highly performing model. The research explores how the inclusion of interest rates and recession probabilities influences the performance of these models and compares their prediction results through visualizations and cross-validation techniques. We trained both models using historical Bitcoin price data combined with the selected exogenous variables and evaluated their predictive performance on a separate test dataset. Our findings reveal that the LSTM model outperforms Facebook Prophet in terms of prediction accuracy. While Facebook Prophet is optimized for statistical modeling, LSTM has the advantage of learning complex, non-linear patterns in data due to its deep learning architecture and ability to process sequential information effectively. Moreover, our results demonstrate that incorporating interest rates and recession probabilities significantly improves the forecasting accuracy of both models. This suggests that macroeconomic factors like interest rates and recession risks do have an impact on Bitcoin price movements. By integrating these external variables into the forecasting process, we show that predictive models can achieve better performance, making them more effective for forecasting Bitcoin prices. These findings highlight the importance of considering exogenous factors when predicting the behavior of highly volatile assets like Bitcoin.

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Bitcoin, cryptocurrency, exogenous variables, forecasting, interest rate, LSTM, machine learning, recession probability, time series. Bitcoin Price Prediction, Exogenous Variables, Time Series Forecasting, LSTM (Long Short-Term Memory), Facebook Prophet, Interest Rates, Recession Probability

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This paper delves into the comprehensive understanding of Alternate Investment Funds (AIFs) in the Indian financial market. The study addresses several key objectives, which include: evaluating the level of awareness and understanding among investors with respect to AIFs, assessing the risks and returns that go along with these investment vehicles, analyzing the challenges or obstacles faced by investors while investing or managing AIFs, and investor perceptions toward AIF investments. This paper goes more in-depth concerning different types of AIFs, such as hedge funds, private equity funds, venture capital funds, and Infrastructure funds that have the alternative scope for investor portfolios diversification and the increase of their return. This study further extends to a primary survey to reach the investor level of AIF investors to capture firsthand experience, perception, expectation & improvement regarding AIF investments, which can give an insight for investors, fund managers, and policymakers in their decision-making process to navigate AIF landscape more effectively.

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Alternative Investment fund, portfolio, category, HNI

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