Volume 14 | Issue 1 |

 Abstract

This article examines the historical transition of clothing practices and associated lifestyles along Mahatma Gandhi Road, one of the principal arterial corridors of Thiruvananthapuram. Situating dress within the intersecting frameworks of caste, gender, colonial intervention, and urban modernity, the study traces how clothing evolved from a socially regulated marker of hierarchy to a consumer-oriented expression of identity. Central to this transformation were socio-religious reform movements such as the Channar Lahala (Upper Cloth Mutiny), which challenged caste-based restrictions on bodily cover and catalysed wider social change in nineteenth-century Travancore. The introduction of tailoring units, sewing machines, missionary influence, and Western sartorial norms further reshaped clothing practices across communities.

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Arterial road; colonial modernity; city- making; upper cloth rebellion; caste hierarchy; consumer culture; body and identity

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A study to effectiveness of play therapy. upon anxiety among hospitalized children in Chennai, tamilnadu, India. the 30 childrens from 1 month to 12 years was selected by randomize technique to ventilate fear and to the state anxiety inventory scale were used this scale consist of 20 items it is four point scale study was no significant difference in the mean SD of anxiety levels (M=49.548.4 and SD=8.30, 8.36)before and after play therapy whereas in experimental group significant difference in mean and standard deviation of anxiety (M=49, 42.76 and SD=8.40)was noted before and after play therapy at p<0.01 overall study findings have identified the play therapy is effective in reducing the anxiety among hospitalized children.(Bency Davidson 2017) Objectives: 1.3.1To assesses the pretest level of anxiety among hospitalized children in Deepak hospital, Jalna. 1.3.2To administer the therapeutic play to give creativity among hospitalized children in Deepak hospital, Jalna. 1.3.3To assess the post test level regarding anxiety among hospitalized children in Deepak hospital, Jalna. 1.3.4 To find out the significant association between post test level regarding anxiety among hospitalized children in Deepak hospital, Jalna.Method and Materials:. Quasi experimental research design such as non randomize control group Design was used. Sample size was 30. The samples selected by convenient sampling technique. The study was conducted in Deepak Hospital Jalna. District , Maharashtra. Paired 't' and chi square test was used to assess the significant difference and association in pre and post level of effectiveness of Therapeutic play on anxiety among hospitalized children of Deepak Hospital, Jalna. Major findings: 6.1.1 Most of the childrens in pre-test post-test experimental group and control group were belongs to 3 to 5 years of age. (Table 4.1 & Figure 4.1.1) 6.1.2 Most of the childrens in experimental group are male and most of the children in the control group are females. (Table 4.1 and figure 4.1.2) 6.1.3 Most of the childrens was admitted on 23112019 (Table 4.1 and figure 4.1.3) 6.1.4 The result shows that majority of the childrens in post test of experimental group have mild anxiety. (Table 4.4.1 and table 4.4.1). 6.1.5There was no significant difference in the pre-test and post-test level of effectiveness of Therapeutic play among Hospitalized children. Therefore the first hypothesis was rejected. (Table no 4.5and figure 4.5.1) 6.1.6There was no association between pre- test level of effectiveness of Therapeutic play in experimental group with age among hospitalized children. Therefore the second hypothesis was rejected. (Table 4..1) 6.1.7There was no association between pre-test levels of effectiveness of Therapeutic plays in experimental with sex among hospitalized childrens. Therefore the second hypothesis was rejected. (Table 4.5.2) 6.1.8 There was no association between pre test and post-test levels of effectiveness of Therapeutic play in control group with age among hospitalized childrens. Therefore the second hypothesis was rejected. (Table 4.5.3)6.1.9 There was no association between pre test and post-test levels of effectiveness of Therapeutic play in control group with sex among hospitalized childrens. Therefore the second hypothesis was rejected.(table 6.1.6There was no association between post- test level of effectiveness of Therapeutic play in experimental group with age among hospitalized children. Therefore the second hypothesis was rejected. (Table 4..1) 6.1.7There was no association between post-test level of effectiveness of Therapeutic play in experimental group with sex among hospitalized childrens . Therefore the second hypothesis was rejected. (Table 4.5.2) Conclusion: The study was taken to assess the effectiveness of Therapeutic play in childrens of age 2 to 5 years to reduce anxiety among hospitalized children in Deepak hospital, Jalna. Maharashtra This study finding will help the nursing students to understand the importance of the Therapeutic play to reduce anxiety.

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THERAPEUTIC PLAY TO REDUCE THE ANXIETY AMONG HOSPITALIZED CHILDREN AGE GROUP OF 2 TO 5 YEARS

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Drainage arrangement denotes to the specific organization, spatial decoration of principal watercourse and its branches form conjugately. Lithology, geological structure and geomorphic account perform vital role in drainage designs development. Existent study is an assessment of possible structural and topographic appliance on drainage pattern of Denwa watershed, central India. Study area includes part of Satpura range extending from 22?15?25"N to 22?37?52"N latitude and 77?59?26"E to 78?31?36"E longitude with 1997 sq.km. area. Plateau and hills of Satpura manifests the topography. Different drainage configurations are deciphered and processed from Survey of India Topographical maps (55 J/2, 3, 6, 7, 10 & 11) on 1:50,000 scale and superimposed on Geological Maps. There five kinds of drainage arrangements (dendritic, radial, rectangular, parallel, and herringbone) are dominant. Streams are commonly superimposed on present-day youthful topography of exhumed Gondwana formation from Deccan Trap terrain.

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DEVELOPMENT OF DRAINAGE PATTERN IN DENWA WATERSHED MADHYA PRADESH, CENTRAL INDIA

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This review discusses the current understanding and therapeutic applications of herbal medicines in the management of vitiligo. Herbal therapies are considered to offer a natural treatment approach with relatively fewer adverse effects compared to synthetic drugs. However, synthetic treatments are often effective in controlling disease progression, although their long-term use may be associated with adverse effects. Overall, this review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of traditional and modern herbal approaches for vitiligo management, highlighting their potential role in developing safer and more effective therapeutic strategies.

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Vitiligo, Capsaicin, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory

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The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of different concentrations of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO?) on the seed germination of Amaranthus dubius Mart. ex Thell. (Amaranthus) and Hibiscus sabdariffa L. (Hibiscus). Seeds were subjected to seven treatments: 0 mg (control), 1 mg, 3 mg, 5 mg, 10 mg, and 15 mg of sodium bicarbonate solution. The control group exhibited 100% germination, indicating normal physiological activity in the absence of stress. However, with increasing concentrations of sodium bicarbonate, a gradual reduction in germination percentage was observed. At the highest concentration (15 mg), germination was markedly reduced, demonstrating the inhibitory effect of sodium bicarbonate on seed viability and early seedling growth. The study concludes that sodium bicarbonate induces alkaline stress, adversely affecting seed germination, with Amaranthus showing relatively greater tolerance compared to Hibiscus sabdariffa.

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Amaranthus dubis, Hibiscus sabdariffa, Sodium bicarbonate, Seed germination, Salinity stress.

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The customary practices of oaths and ordeals constituted the supreme guiding principles of justice within the Tagin community prior to the advent of the modern legal system. Rooted in Pwrw-Vba, the uncodified Tagin constitution, these mechanisms functioned as primary sources of customary law and moral order. Justice was administered through ritualized trials such as Senyu-Paatv Nyudung Gamnam, Riokdar Taja Gaknam, Sidung Taja Inam, Sebi Dumpo Topnam, Yalwng Tasing Topnam, Raaji Raayo Tonam etc which were regarded as divinely sanctioned and socially binding. While these practices ensured accountability and legitimacy, they were inherently perilous, involving physical and spiritual risks. Although largely discontinued today, residual beliefs persist, with occasional attempts to invoke them in serious disputes. This study employs descriptive and analytical methods, using purposive sampling and unstructured interviews, to critically examine these traditions as instruments of justice, their cultural foundation and their continuing symbolic relevance in contemporary Tagin society.

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Customary Justice, Oaths and Ordeals, Tagin indigenous legal system, Pwrw-Vba and Pre-Modern Judicial Practices.

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Abstract This research investigates the determinants of brand loyalty within the iron and steel sector of Musiri, specifically examining how product attributes, customer satisfaction, and relationship management influence repeat purchase behavior. Utilizing a descriptive research design and convenience sampling, primary data was collected from a diverse group of stakeholders, including professional contractors, civil engineers, and individual homebuilders. The findings identify product quality as the primary determinant of brand loyalty, significantly outweighing the influence of price or traditional advertising. Statistical analysis confirms a robust positive correlation between perceived quality and loyalty, while an even stronger relationship was found between relationship management--encompassing dealer trust and after-sales service--and future purchase intentions. The study concludes that brand loyalty in this region is primarily driven by technical excellence and deep-rooted dealer-customer trust, suggesting that firms should prioritize service quality and professional relationship building over aggressive price-based competition to secure sustainable market share.

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Iron and steel sectors, brand loyalty, service quality, customer satisfaction and customer intentions.

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ABSTRACT Weddings have evolved from intimate cultural ceremonies to grand events influenced by social media, celebrity culture, and modern consumerist trends. This paper reviews existing literature on wedding expenses, examining how socio-cultural factors and economic pressures contribute to the increasing costs of weddings. This paper aims to understand the interplay between tradition and modernity in wedding consumption and offers insights for future research and policy development. It highlights key themes, including conspicuous consumption, social status reinforcement, parental influence, and the role of media in shaping youth aspirations. The Indian wedding industry, valued at approximately $130 billion, highlights the extent of financial investment in these ceremonies (Gupta, 2024). Celebrity culture and digital media, especially Bollywood weddings and platforms like Instagram, set unrealistic expectations, escalating costs. The review identifies gaps in the literature, particularly in empirical studies on the direct impact of celebrity culture and social media on wedding expenditures. Future research should focus on the quantitative impact of social media on wedding spending, cross-cultural comparisons of wedding expenditures, sustainable wedding financing policies, and the psychological effects of financial stress due to extravagant weddings.

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Wedding cost, Cultural traditions, social media, Celebrity Culture, Youth aspirations

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STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM A study to assess the effectiveness of structured teaching programme regarding prevention and management of post partum haemorrhage among mothers in selecting community area, Bareilly, U.P. OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY 1.To assess the knowledge regarding post partum haemorrhage among mothers. 2.To evaluate the effectiveness of post partum haemorrhage among mothers. 3.To find the association of knowledge scores regarding prevention and management of post partum haemorrhage among mothers with their selected demographic variables. BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY Post partum haemorrhage is one of the most alarming andserious emergencies a midwife may face and is especiallyterrifying if it occurs immediately following a straight forward birth.It is always a frightening experience for the woman and canundermine her confidence, influence her attitude to future childbearing and delay in her recovery.

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H. : Hypothesis S.D. : Standard Deviation % : Percentage x2 : Chi-square < : Less than > : More than PPH : Post Partum Haemorrhage STP : Structured Teaching Programme VBAC : Vaginal birth after a caesarean section

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Abstract Feminist criticism has profoundly influenced modern philosophy of science, contesting the field's conventional concepts of objectivity, neutrality, and universality. This paper investigates feminist viewpoints on science, analyzing their origins, key arguments, and consequences for scientific practice and philosophy. This text critically assesses the influence of gender bias on the production of scientific knowledge, examines the evolution of feminist epistemology and standpoint theory, and analyzes how feminist scholars have identified and confronted androcentrism and exclusion in scientific research. The paper concludes by contemplating the transformative capacity of feminist critiques for a more inclusive and empirically sound science.

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Keywords: Feminist Epistemology, Objectivity, Gender Bias, Standpoint Theory, Philosophy of Science, Scientific Method

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