Volume 14 | Issue 1 |

 Abstract

Calendula officinalis L., commonly known as pot marigold, is one of the most extensively used medicinal plants in traditional and complementary medicine systems worldwide. Belonging to the Asteraceae family, this herb has been employed for centuries in the management of wounds, inflammatory disorders, gastrointestinal disturbances, and skin ailments. Contemporary scientific investigations have revealed that its therapeutic potential is closely associated with a diverse spectrum of bioactive compounds, including flavonoids, triterpenoids, carotenoids, phenolic acids, coumarins, quinones, and essential oils. Experimental studies, supported by growing clinical evidence, demonstrate antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, hepatoprotective, antidiabetic, cytotoxic, and wound-healing activities. In addition to validating traditional claims, modern research has begun to clarify the molecular pathways responsible for these biological effects. This review provides a comprehensive and updated synthesis of phytochemical composition, pharmacological mechanisms, therapeutic applications, extraction technologies, and future research directions. The aim is to offer an integrated scientific perspective that supports the rational and evidence-based utilization of C. officinalis in modern healthcare

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 Keywords

alendula officinalis; Pot marigold; Asteraceae; Medicinal plant; Phytochemistry; Flavonoids; Triterpenoids; Carotenoids; Phenolic acids; Coumarins; Essential oils; Antioxidant activity; Anti-inflammatory activity; Antimicrobial activity; Hepatoprotective effect; Antidiabetic activity; Cytotoxic activity; Wound healing; Pharmacological mechanisms; Extraction technologies; Complementary medicine.

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Many disciplines are becoming interested in the fascinating subjects of nanoscience and nanotechnology. Organic nanomaterials, especially carbon quantum dots (CQDs), have drawn a lot of curiosity in the field of nanotechnology due to their exceptional qualities. Research in a variety of scientific fields has focused on CQDs because of their distinctive qualities and wide range of uses, including neuromedicine. Recent research has demonstrated their application for neuroprotection, particularly through enhanced neuronal survival, modulation of neuroinflammatory pathways, and antioxidant activity. The modelling of disease pathophysiology and the identification of therapeutic intervention areas have advanced significantly. Drosophila has played a significant role in medication development for numerous aspects of human health during the past few decades. These concepts lay the groundwork for the use of flies in future studies on neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative illnesses in order to obtain a deeper understanding of molecular pathways. This review systematically discusses the CQDs as a powerful nanotheranostic tool for the targeting and therapy of neurological disorders. This review also emphasis in vivo findings from Drosophila as a disease model for assessing neurotherapeutic efficacy as a disease model.

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 Keywords

Drosophila melanogaster; carbon quantum dots; nanobiomaterials; neurodegeneration; neuroprotection; oxidative stress

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Educational policy-making plays a crucial role in shaping curriculum frameworks, governance structures, institutional innovations, and the integration of emerging technologies such as Artificial Intelligence (AI). Despite increased global attention toward educational reforms and innovation-driven frameworks, research on policy-making in educational frameworks remains limited, fragmented, and context-specific. This narrative review synthesizes recent scholarly evidence (2022-2026) on key trends in educational policy-making, including decentralisation reforms, curriculum policy negotiations, leadership and governance, ethical frameworks for AI in education, and researcher-policy maker collaboration. Findings indicate that global policy trends increasingly emphasize ethical accountability, innovation support, stakeholder participation, and culturally reflective practice. However, persistent challenges such as political interference, limited evaluation mechanisms, insufficient community engagement, and poor linkage between research and policy hinder the effectiveness of educational policy outcomes. The review proposes implications and recommendations focusing on inclusive governance, policy monitoring, research-policy partnerships, and ethical AI policy implementation.

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 Keywords

Educational policy, curriculum frameworks, decentralisation, governance, AI in education, policy evaluation, innovation, narrative review

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 Abstract

Unish Shatoker Bangla Samaj o Sahitye Brittimu khi Shiksha

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Shiksha byabostha, projuktigoto shiksha, karigori shikshar prosar, shilpo o banijyer bikash, samaj sanskar andolon, atmonirbhorota, karmodokkota o bastob shikshar gurutto.

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The researchers assessed how flipped teaching affects mathematics self-efficacy of class XI standard students. The study applied a pre-test and post-test equivalent group experimental design to test 200 students who were categorized into two groups: the experimental group (n = 100) underwent flipped teaching, while the control group (n = 100) received conventional teaching. The intervention was executed through two instructional units, which included Set Theory and Relations & Functions. The researchers used their own flipped teaching plan together with a verified Mathematics Self-Efficacy Scale (MSES), which assesses four different aspects of self-efficacy in mathematics: mathematics confidence, motivation and effort, anxiety and stress and goal orientation and Mastery. The statistical analysis demonstrated that the experimental group achieved higher overall self-efficacy scores in comparison to the control group with a t score of 16.95, a p value smaller than 0.01 and a d value of 2.41 which showed a very large effect size. The experimental group results showed no gender differences because boys and girls showed equal benefits from flipped teaching (t = 1.35, p > 0.05). The findings demonstrate that flipped teaching functions as an effective and fair educational method which research supports to improve learner's self-efficacy in mathematics.

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Flipped Teaching, Mathematics Self-Efficacy, Secondary Students, Bloom's Taxonomy, Gender.

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Use of artificial intelligence in education, opportunities and challenges

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Use of artificial intelligence in education, opportunities and challenges

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Environmental stressors- including temperature extremes, hypoxia, salinity changes, and chemical pollutants- pose significant challenges to the physiological balance of animals. These stressors disrupt homeostasis and trigger a range of compensatory mechanisms that involve endocrine regulation, metabolic adjustments, oxidative stress responses, and alterations in immune and osmoregulatory function. This review synthesizes current knowledge of the physiological responses of animals to environmental stress, focusing on mechanisms of adaptation, hormonal mediation, oxidative stress pathways, and implications for survival under changing environmental conditions. Understanding these responses is critical to assessing animal resilience, informing conservation strategies, and evaluating ecosystem health in the face of accelerating global change.

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Environmental stressors, Homeostasis, Adaptation

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ABSTRACT:- Lady Abala Bose life and her contribution in girl's women education, she was the first person who through of institutional Pre-Primary she established Vidyasagar Bani Bhavan in 1925. Women education has always been a matter of grave concern for educationists all over the world and India is no exception. Coming in close contact with widow and divorcee women she realized how to deal with Indian women. Lady Abala Bose entered teacher training programme for spreads of women education. Herideals on education were much influenced by Montessori and other western thinkers, which Lady Bose adopted and applied. Dynamic, innovative and creative teaching and various training method. This study on Abala Bose was responsible, single-handedly or jointly, for the establishment of educational institutions for women. During her lifetime, through the Nari Siksha Samiti, Lady Bose set up about 88 primary schools200 schools in rural areas and 14 adult education centres in the British province of Bengal. With these as well as others' efforts towards women's education through the establishment of schools and colleges, there arose the need for women teachers.

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KEYWORDS:- 'Primary Education';

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Education is an essential human virtue without it, man is a splendid slave, a reasoning savage. Education is a process by which an individual gains knowledge or insight or develops attitudes and skills. Though adjustment is a continuous process in human life it is constantly affected and changed by the experiences of the individual from time to time and also differs from on person to other person. For academic adjustment into-day's school and colleges has grown from a traditional belief in educational opportunity for all. The drastic change in the modernized society will, no doubt continue to make wide and unprecedented demands in the area of occupational, educational, community and family life. Achievement is related to adjustment. If an individual has to adjust mental problems, inspite of his high potentialities, his achievement is likely to be poor. This study is intended to find out the different types of problems faced by the students and to find out the differences if any, between the nature and number of problems of different stratifications of students like boys, girls, students from Urban and rural localities; students studying in different schools etc; as very little is known about the relation of students problems to the family variable like, the educational status of father and mother, it is also intended to see whether the level of adjustment of students vary with these family variables.

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Education, Adjustment, Achievement, Scholastic, Student

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ABSTRACT Stability constant is defined as the metal-ligand interaction. It is also called formation constant indicating how strongly a metal binds with a ligand. Greater the formation strength between metal and ligand, greater is the stability constant of the particular metal-ligand complex. Stability constants associated with mixed ligand complexes of bivalent metal ions with Phenyl Glycine in presence of other O-O donors (viz., maltol, kojic acid, and acetylacetone) was evaluated potentiometrically at T=30 oC and I=0.1 M KNO3 in aqueous medium. Stability trend is discussed in terms of nature of donor atoms and substituent groups present on ligands. Distributions of various species as a function of pH are also drawn using Microsoft Excel. The sequence of stability of ternary complexes with respect to their ligands decrease in the order: maltol > kojic acid > acetyl acetone.

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KEY WORDS: Stability constant, Glycine, Phenyl Glycine, Kojic acid, Maltol, Acetyl acetone, binary and ternary metal complexes.

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