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Population growth, under or over affects the overall socio-economic development of country. In India, growth of population is affected not only by high fertility but also due to lowering morality. Elsewhere in our country India, Muslims in Karnataka are the second largest religious groups. As per the NFHS Reports, total population of Muslim in Karnataka is 15.69% census report over the decades in India always attracted the attention of policy makers, researchers and political leaders. Most of the census reports also reveals that Muslims in India growing at faster rate than other religious groups. This trend led to negative feeling among the majority. They started commenting that Muslims in India outnumber Hindus that they will become majority no sooner than later that Muslims produce number of children and the like. It is disheartening to note that the growth rate of Muslim population is still very high and it is higher than the national average. The fertility rate among Muslims is also higher than the other religious groups. Study on this article is after 60 years of independence Muslims growing at faster rate than any other religious groups, Muslims in India losing sympatier from Non- Muslims, Indian Muslims women bear more number of children, Muslims in India showing negative attitude towards family planning methods and Muslims present fertility rate. For this purposes to analysis and conclusion on the fertility differentials of Muslims and Non-Muslims in Karnataka.