Published Paper Details:

Although the relative contributions of clinical, genetic, and environmental variables to this vulnerability vary depending on the medicine, adverse drug reaction, and ethnicity, all elements must be considered. Personalized pharmaceutical therapy is an intriguing way to reduce adverse drug reactions (ADRs) and increase efficacy since medication responses differ. With genetically driven medication and dose selection techniques, pharmacogenetics aims to make a difference. While ADR pharmacogenetics was initially brought to light in the 1950s, it has only recently experienced a sharp rise in popularity, partly due to enhanced genotyping tools and substantial advancements in our understanding of the human genome. ADRs are categorized based on whether immune- or nonimmune-mediated processes are the predominant mechanism Several ADRs have strong correlations with human leukocyte antigen, or HLA, alleles. The field of pharmacogenomics investigates the genetic differences in how individuals respond to various drugs, including differences in dosage needs, effectiveness, and the likelihood of adverse drug responses. With the potential to lower the frequency of ADRs and enhance patient outcomes, the use of genetic data to predict drug responses and adverse drug reactions (ADRs) is increasingly becoming used in clinical practice. Pharmacogenomic research has a lot of potential to improve medication safety and efficacy, which might eventually result in more individualized and successful therapeutic treatments.