Published Paper Details:

Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disorder characterized by recurrent, unprovoked seizures. It affects approximately 50 million people worldwide, making it one of the most common neurological conditions globally. This literature review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the current understanding of epilepsy, including its pathophysiology, classification, diagnosis, management, and future research directions. Epilepsy affects both sexes and all ages with worldwide distribution. The prevalence and the incidence of epilepsy are slightly higher in men compared to women and tend to peak in the elderly, reflecting the higher frequency of stroke, neurodegenerative diseases, and tumors in this age-group. Focal seizures are more common than generalized seizures both in children and in adults. The etiology of epilepsy varies according to the sociodemographic characteristics of the affected populations and the extent of the diagnostic workup, but a documented cause is still lacking in about 50% of cases from high-income countries (HIC). The overall prognosis of epilepsy is favourable in the majority of patients when measured by seizure freedom.