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This paper examines the important relationship between energy security and national defense in the context of India. Through a comprehensive review of secondary data sources, the paper aims to elucidate the historical evolution, policy framework, geopolitical dynamics, technological innovations, challenges and future directions of energy security as a dimension of Indian national security. The methodology employed involved systematic analysis and synthesis of existing literature, including academic journals, government reports and strategic documents. The most important findings provide light on the transformation of India's energy security policy from resource nationalism to a more diversified and sustainable approach. This transformation was brought about by geopolitical concerns and significant technical developments. Furthermore, the article highlights the relevance of regional energy dynamics, diplomatic engagements, and technology advancements in the process of defining India's military capabilities and national security posture. In order to increase India's strategic autonomy and resilience in the face of growing security threats, recommendations are made for boosting energy resilience, addressing vulnerabilities, and encouraging international partnerships. These recommendations are supplied through the provision of recommendations.Thus, the paper emphasizes the indispensable role of energy security in military planning and national security strategy, emphasizing the need for proactive measures to mitigate risks and capitalize on opportunities in the dynamic energy landscape