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The Lemongrass (Cymbopogon genus), encompassing various herbs renowned for their abundant essential oil content, has been extensively utilized worldwide for both commercial and medicinal purposes. Among these, Lemongrass oil, derived from Cymbopogon citratus, stands out for its ethno-botanical significance and therapeutic potential. Rich in properties such as antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects, lemongrass oil has garnered attention for its multifaceted benefits. With mosquitoes being vectors for debilitating and deadly diseases like malaria and dengue fever, the need for effective repellents is paramount. While synthetic compounds like DEET dominate the market, lemongrass has emerged as a traditional alternative due to its historical use as a mosquito repellent. Originating from regions in Asia and Australia, Lemongrass is cultivated globally, thriving in warm, tropical climates. Its cultivation requires specific conditions including suitable soil pH and ample sunlight. The plant's morphology, characterized by linear leaves and a citrusy fragrance, contributes to its distinct appearance and aroma. Lemongrass essential oil, extracted through steam distillation, boasts a complex composition of phytochemicals such as citral, geraniol, limonene, and linalool, each contributing to its therapeutic properties. The studies have explored Lemongrass's pharmacological actions, revealing its potential in combating inflammation, filarial infections, diarrhea, and microbial diseases. Its aroma also finds application in relieving respiratory issues and headaches. Despite promising findings, further research is necessary to elucidate its mechanisms of action and establish recommended dosages. In conclusion, Lemongrass emerges as a versatile botanical with significant implications for public health, particularly in mosquito control and disease prevention. Its rich chemical composition, coupled with its historical significance and pharmacological actions, positions it as a valuable asset in both traditional and contemporary medicine. However, caution is advised, especially regarding dosage and safety considerations, underscoring the importance of consulting healthcare professionals before its medicinal use.