Published Paper Details:

Due to a paucity of data and efficient statistical methodologies to characterise complex natural processes and anthropogenic activities, it is difficult to understand spatial and temporal patterns of groundwater geochemistry at the regional scale over a long period of time. This study employs hierarchical cluster analysis to investigate the clustering behaviour of groundwater quality parameters. The study utilises a comprehensive dataset comprising groundwater samples collected from different locations of Niali and Kantapada block. It helps to know about the Genesis and distribution of ground water flow in a geological formation. The groundwater quality parameters considered in the analysis include chemical constituents such as pH, electrical conductivity and major ions. From pipers trilinear diagram it is revealed that the dominant hydrochemical facies of Niali and Kantapada are Ca - Mg - CI - SO4 (I) followed by Ca - Mg - HCO3 (IV). Which simply mean alkaline earth dominating alkalis and strong acid dominating weak acids. These parameters are indicative of water quality and can provide insights into the potential contamination sources and hydrogeochemical processes governing the groundwater system. Groundwater plays a crucial role in sustaining ecosystems and fulfilling human water needs. Understanding the spatial variability and clustering patterns of groundwater quality parameters is essential for effective water resource management and environmental planning. Hence the changes in groundwater geochemistry in the study area may be a short- or long-term disintegration or decomposition process of rock and/or anthropogenic activities. We also noticed indirect ion exchange reaction between host rock and water along flow system.