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Background of the study Cancer is an uncontrolled division of cells, can originate in almost in any tissue of the body. According to cancer Research UK, there are about 60 different organ tissues in the body where cancer can originate. Among all the Cancers the leading cause for cancer death in women is cervical cancer next to breast cancer. As per the WHO statistics, cervical cancer kills over 33,000 women in India annually and about one fourth of the world's cervical cancer patients reside in India.1 Cervical cancer is malignancy of the cervix, it is one of the most common cancer affecting women of all ages. The cervix is the narrow portion of the uterus where it joins the top of the vagina. Most cervical cancers are squamous cell carcinomas, arising in the squamous (flattened) epithelial cells that line the cervix. Adenocarcinoma, arising in glandular epithelial cells is second most common type, cancer can arise very rarely in other types of cells in the cervix.2 Aim of the study:To assess the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on knowledge and self reported practice regarding cervical cancer and its prevention among reproductive age group women. Methodology: A "Pre-experimental one group pre-test post-test research" research design was used. The present study was conducted in selected rural area of vijayapur, district. The sample size for the present study is 120 selected through Quota sampling technique. Results: Majority 43.3% of respondents are in the age group of 15 - 25 years, and 66.7% of the respondents are Hindus, majority 32.5% of the respondents had non formal education, majority 43.3% of the respondents are in private job,42.5% of the respondents are having >20000 income per month, 45.8% of the respondents are married, 43.3% of the respondents were unmarried and no children, 58.7% of the respondents are belongs to nuclear family, 54.2% of the respondents were not using any contraceptive methods, Majority 50.8% of the respondents were never heard about cervical cancer.In the pre-test prior to the administration of structured teaching programme data reflects that out of 120 reproductive age group women, in pre test score 100% had inadequate knowledge score and no one had moderately adequate knowledge score and in post test score 47.5% had adequate knowledge score, 52.5% had moderately adequate knowledge score and there were no respondents with inadequate post test knowledge scores. In pre test self reported practice score, 95% had low self reported practice and very few 5% had high self reported practice and post test score 79.2% had high self reported practice and 20.8% had low self reported practice score regarding cervical cancer and its prevention.There is a significant association found between pre tests knowledge scores of respondents with the selected demographic variables such as age (?2 =23.85(P=0.0001), Religion(?2=8.477(P=0.037), Education (?2 =95.20(P=0.0001), Occupation (?2 = 44.42 (P=0.0001), Income (?2 =50.07(P=0.0001), Marital status (?2 =51.76(P=0.0001), No of children (?2 = 59.18(P=0.0001), Contraceptive used (?2 =15.52(P=0.0001), Heard about cervical cancer (?2 =91.70(P=0.0001), Sources of information (?2 =8.359(P=0.015). There is a significant association between self reported practice scores with Education (?2 =8.409(P=0.03), No of children (?2 = 11.87(P=0.018), Contraceptive used (?2 =1.107(P=0.575), Heard about cervical cancer (?2 =2.188(P=0.138), Sources of information (?2 =8.359(P=0.015).