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Abstract The Panchayati Raj is a political system that is prevalent throughout South Asia, particularly in India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, and Nepal. It is a form of local self-governance. In the history of the Indian subcontinent, this kind of community administration is the one with the longest continuous use. The Panchayat Raj is an institution that dates back to the beginning of Indian civilization. It had been around since the ancient ages, and it exercised effective authority over the village community's civil and judicial affairs throughout that time. Numerous ancient texts, such as the Rigveda, the Manusamhita, the Dharmashastras, the Upanishads, the Jatakas, and others, make extensive references to the panchayat form of administration, which is used in local governance. Changes in the political structure of India's rural communities brought about shifts in the connection between typically higher middle Dalit and caste groups. These shifts had an effect on the political structure. For the very first time in the annals of Indian social history, there is a discernible rise in the level of political mobilisation among dalits. In addition, their upward social mobility can be attributed to a growing understanding of the rights and benefits they are entitled to. The ratification of the 73rd Constitutional Amendment Act led to the decentralisation of power and decision making at a lower level, which is another significant result of the legislation's adoption. The most significant aspect of this is that reservation was extended to the lower castes in order to democratise and secularise the operation of the panchayats and to make certain that they do not continue to be under the influence of influential rural elites in the countryside.