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NGOs, or Non-Governmental Organizations, operate independently of governments and businesses, with a diverse range of activities worldwide. In India, their numbers have surged, reaching around 2 million in 2009. NGOs can be funded by various sources, including governments, foundations, businesses, or individuals, and may function with or without formal funding. Pros include their positive impact on societal development, reaching rural areas, and addressing issues like self-employment, education, and women's empowerment. However, concerns arise regarding their political influence, potential to affect businesses, and instances of focusing on tax evasion rather than public welfare. Government-NGO relations have evolved, with NGOs adapting to government agendas. In the 1990s, as the government shifted focus, NGOs collaborated on poverty reduction. Despite shared goals, differences in approaches exist, with NGOs being more flexible and responsive to local needs. However, reliance on government funding poses risks to their autonomy. Foreign funding allegations have surfaced, with an Intelligence Bureau report suggesting some NGOs serve as tools for Western foreign policy interests. Accusations include disrupting development projects and negatively impacting GDP growth. Specific cases, such as protests against the Kudankulam nuclear project, have drawn attention, leading to scrutiny of NGO finances by security agencies