Published Paper Details:

Currently, a significant portion of global economic, commercial, cultural, social, and governmental activities occur in the digital realm. This includes interactions at all levels . The increasing prevalence of cyber-attacks and the risks associated with wireless communication technologies have become pressing concerns for private companies and governmental organizations worldwide. Given the world's heavy reliance on electronic technology, safeguarding data from cyber threats is becoming a very important concern . The usual aim of the cyber attacks is to set in financial losses inn the organization, although in some instances, these attacks may serve military or political purposes. The damages resulting from such attacks include PC viruses, breaches of sensitive information, data distribution service (DDS) disruptions, and various assault vectors. To mitigate these risks, organizations deploy diverse solutions aimed at preventing or minimizing the impact of cyber-attacks. Cybersecurity involves real-time monitoring of the latest IT developments. Researchers globally have proposed numerous methods to prevent cyber-attacks or mitigate their effects, with some approaches already in operational use and others still in the research phase. This study aims to conduct a comprehensive survey and review of standard advancements in the field of cyber security. It seeks to explore the challenges, weaknesses, and strengths of these proposed methods. The study delves into various descendant cyber-attacks, providing detailed consideration of emerging threats. The discussion encompasses standard security frameworks, tracing the history and early-generation cyber-security methods. Additionally, the study explores emerging trends and recent developments in cyber security, highlighting evolving threats and challenges.