Published Paper Details:

A nanoparticle is a tiny particle with a size between one to one hundred nanometers. Due to their small size, these are not visible by the naked eye and exhibit enhanced properties such as high reactivity, strength, sensitivity, stability, surface area, etc. Comparatively, to their larger material equivalents, nanoparticles can display significantly highly advantageous physical, chemical, and medicinal properties in order to protect human life. Nanotechnology has emerged as a prominent multifaceted field in the past few years, with potential applications in the medicinal products sustainability of the environment, agriculture, industries and remediation of pollution domains. Nanoparticles are synthesized by using a variety of methods. Traditionally, physicochemical methods have resulted in concerns regarding the environment as they reduce metal ions, which is followed by surface modification, the addition of toxic compounds for stability, and the resulting generation of deleterious byproducts. Reducing and stabilizing agents are required for synthesizing nanoparticles by using chemical, physical and biological procedures at ambient temperature and pressure. Different physical, chemical and green synthesis methods were used to synthesize nanoparticles. Ball milling, melting, pulsed laser ablation, and pulsed wire discharge technology are examples of physical approaches. Different plant root, stem, and leaf sections, as well as bacteria, fungi, and yeast, were used in herbal approaches as well as a polyol, micro-emulsion, and inert gas condensation to create nanoparticles. The nanoparticles are synthesized by using two approaches like top-down approach and the bottom-up approach. This review expresses the formulations about chemical, physical and green synthesis of nanoparticles.