Published Paper Details:

Considering the growing worldwide population, there's a pressing need to augment food production. To address this challenge, efforts are underway to enhance crop yields. Scientists prefer biological components over chemicals to boost productivity, mainly due to their eco-friendly attributes and minimal harm to organisms. This study involved the application of two different products: bioenzyme, a fermented substance, and extracts from orange, grapes, and pomegranate fruit pulp. These were applied through foliar spraying on tomato plant leaves every 15 days post-sowing. The investigation encompassed evaluations of growth parameters, photosynthetic pigments, and oxidative stress parameters. The study's outcomes unveiled noteworthy findings regarding tomato plants. All dilutions of bioenzyme and fruit pulp extract prompted significant height increments. Particularly, the treatment involving 1ml per litre of fruit pulp showcased a highly significant increase in the leaf area compared to the control group. Changes in photosynthetic pigments and oxidative stress parameters were significant across all treatments following the second spray. The most favourable outcomes for tomato plants emerged after two applications, using various dilutions of bioenzyme and fruit pulp extract. Nevertheless, increased frequency in applications resulted in a decline across all evaluated parameters. This decline could potentially be attributed to excessive use of bioenzyme or fruit pulp extract. Thus, optimal results can be achieved with only two sprays every 15th day.