Published Paper Details:

Due to rapid modernization, the number of building is increasing day by day. One of the main components of building is concrete since a huge amount of concrete is used in the construction of the building, the concrete should be eco-friendly, durable and its strength should be high. Concrete is a composite mixture of cement, coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, and water. But cement has many adverse effects on environment as well as on health. During the manufacture of cement, for 1kg of cement, it emits 900gm of Carbon dioxide (CO2). So, we found out many alternatives to cement, in that "Fly Ash" is an eco-friendly green material, which is produced by burning the coal in the electricity-producing Thermal Plant. Fly Ash in the concrete reduce the heat of hydration so the reduction of thermal crack is observed. The replacement of the cement by the Fly Ash improves the workability and pump ability of the concrete. The life of the concrete structure is estimated to be 40 years but in many research, it is found that if 35% of the cement are replaced by Fly Ash increases the life of cement structure by 120 years, but if the replacement is more in the concrete the compressive strength may decrease slightly. The cost of Fly Ash is more economical than cement. Direct disposal of Fly Ash causes environmental problem and health issues as it is a waste material. Hence considering all the research, the strength of the concrete increases using modified and activated Fly Ash in all research, the strength of the concrete increases using modified and activated Fly Ash in the correct amount.