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John Banville is a celebrated contemporary Irish novelist whose works are known for their exploration of complex themes. In this paper, we will examine Banville's treatment of themes of identity, memory, and the nature of reality in three of his novels: "The Book of Evidence," "Ghost," and "Athena." In "The Book of Evidence," Banville presents the story of Freddie Montgomery, a former scientist who has turned to a life of crime. Through Montgomery's first-person narration, Banville explores the nature of identity and the ways in which it can be constructed and deconstructed. Montgomery's identity is shaped by his memories, which are often unreliable and contradictory, making it difficult for the reader to piece together a coherent understanding of his character. In "Ghost," Banville explores the theme of memory through the story of Axel Vander, a retired actor who is haunted by memories of his past. Vander's memories are often fragmented and incomplete, and he struggles to come to terms with his own identity as he revisits his past. In "Athena," Banville delves into the theme of the nature of reality through the story of Billy Gray, a young boy who is sent to live with his aunt and uncle in a small Irish village. As Billy navigates his new environment, he begins to question the reality of the world around him and the nature of his own existence. Overall, Banville's novels offer intricate and nuanced explorations of themes of identity, memory, and the nature of reality. Through his characters' introspective journeys and his lyrical prose, Banville invites readers to question their own understanding of these fundamental aspects of the human experience.