Published Paper Details:

Afghanistan is a multinational country that suffers from the lack of cultural, social and political homogeneity. This heterogeneity has led to several factions, disintegration and fragmentation of the Afghan society in the long term. Keeping in mind that Afghanistan is a heterogeneous society from a natural and human point of view, the process of nation building has been accompanied by many challenges and obstacles. Due to its geographical distribution, this country has caused the presence of many tribes and human groups, and as a result of this dispersion, the interaction between these groups has faced many challenges, Also, the strategic position of this country has played a deterrent role. In its contemporary history, Afghanistan was continuously considered as a region of competition in the colonial games of the expansionist powers, especially the Russians, the British, and then the Americans. The Soviet Union has turned these competitions into a hot battlefield, which has also added to the challenges. In the process of nation building in Afghanistan, various factors and challenges such as natural geography, human geography, political challenges and economic challenges have disrupted the process of nation building. The above challenges have caused ethnic, religious, linguistic, etc. differences in this country. For them, these differences are the failure of the nation-building process. Nation-building is the most effective key for solidarity and achieving collective benefits in today's era, especially in countries like Afghanistan, which suffers from internal conflicts and external interventions and has not yet experienced the process of nation-building in a real way. It is considered an important value in the political life of this country. Therefore, in this article, the role of the challenges of nation building has been examined and analyzed. The current research has investigated this trend with descriptive analytical method using books, articles and internet resources.